Production of BHD (Bio Hydrofined Diesel) with Improved Cold Flow ...

Isomerized BHD BHD
Density 15℃ g/cm3 0.781 0.783
Viscosity 30℃ mm2/s 3.9 4.1
Pour Point ℃ +5.0 +20.0
Cloud Point ℃ +4 +21
Cetane Number 90.3 101
3.4 Property of isomerized BHD-blended diesel oil
The isomerized BHD described in Table 6 was blended with conventional diesel oil, and a variety
of mixtures were evaluated. As shown in Table 7, the cold filter plug point (CFPP) of diesel oil
containing isomerized BHD was lower than that of normal BHD, even when the isomerized BHD
content is 20 vol%. Looking at the cetane index, isomerized BHD-blended diesel has a lower cetane
index than normal BHD-blended diesel in the case of the 10 vol% blend. However, the blend
containing 20 vol% isomerized BHD had a cetane index the same as that of the 10 vol% normal
BHD blend. We found that a diesel oil which contains 20 vol% of isomerized BHD (isomerization
ratio: 50%) would have properties as good or better than those of conventional diesel oil.
Table 7
Properties of Isomerized BHD-Blended Diesel Oil
Normal BHD 50% Isomerized BHD Conventional
BHD Content 10vol% 10vol% 20vol% Diesel Fuel
Density g/cm3 0.8103 0.8198 0.8140 0.8283
Viscosity mm2/s 2.828 3.330 3.250 3.254
Distillation T90 ℃ 326.0 330.0 324.5 337.5
CFPP ℃ -10 -14 -12 -9
Cetane index 62.0 58.2 61.3 58.1
4. CONSIDERATION
Through the reaction experiments involving BHD isomerization, we were able to obtain
isomerized BHD, and showed that the isomerization ratio can be controlled over a wide range
through careful selection of the catalysts and reaction conditions. In BHD isomerization, the cracking
reaction occurs as a sub reaction. It is important to select a catalyst system and reaction conditions that
minimize cracking, while staying within a range in which the isomerization ratio is sufficient.
Isomerization improved the cold flow properties of BHD, and expanded the range of usable BHD
blend ratios. One of the advantages of BHD is a high cetane number. Isomerization does not cause a
major decline in cetane number, meaning that isomerized BHD still has the same advantage.
Palm oil and other vegetable oils (rapeseed, sunflower, soybean, corn, etc.) are used as cooking
oils all over the world. If these oils are to be used for automotive fuels, it will probably not happen by
getting people to use less for cooking. And if we simply increase cultivation, there is a risk of serious
environmental destruction. We need to thoroughly consider how sources of raw materials can be