D R I E – D Lagertechniek bv DATA SHEETS
D R I E – D Lagertechniek bv DATA SHEETS
D R I E – D Lagertechniek bv DATA SHEETS
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D R I E <strong>–</strong> D <strong>Lagertechniek</strong> <strong>bv</strong><br />
the right perspective<br />
D-GLIDE MAINTENANCE<br />
FREE PLAIN BEARINGS<br />
<strong>DATA</strong> <strong>SHEETS</strong>
DRIE-D <strong>Lagertechniek</strong> <strong>bv</strong><br />
the right perspective<br />
Kiotoweg 120, 3047 BG, Rotterdam, NL<br />
telephone: (+31) 10 - 462 07 00<br />
telefax: (+31) 10 - 462 07 07<br />
E-mail: mail@drie-d.nl<br />
internet: www.drie-d.nl<br />
<strong>DATA</strong> <strong>SHEETS</strong> D-GLIDE<br />
1. GENERAL INFORMATION D-GLIDE<br />
D-glide is the family name of a series of modern composite bearing materials. All varieties consist<br />
of a combination of modern man-made fibres and resins and are being produced according to the<br />
latest technology.<br />
The D-glide P, F and X qualities contain, amongst other ingredients, PTFE. This has resulted in<br />
friction values for these materials that are on an unequalled low level, compared with other plastic<br />
bearing materials as well as with respect to conventional lubricated plain bearings. Also the 'stickslip'<br />
behaviour, for practical applications a very important property, is better than of other plain<br />
bearings.<br />
A major advantage of D-glide bearing is that in most cases they do not need lubrication. Depending<br />
on the application, still increases in lifetime compared with, for example, 'bearing bronze' of 2<br />
to 10 times are feasible. Lubrication also does not have a bad influence and not only oils and<br />
greases, but almost all non-abrasive media can act as lubricant.<br />
Most D-glide qualities do not guide electricity which means that in corrosive environments corrosion<br />
of shafts and other surrounding metal parts is being prevented. Because the materials are<br />
virtually inert reactions with, for example, food and cleaning substances almost never occur. Absorption<br />
of water and other fluids is negligible. Besides the 4 standard qualities it is also possible to<br />
quickly and efficiently 'tailor make' a bearing quality, if for a specific application this leads to a better<br />
result.<br />
Thanks to the great strength of D-glide (up to more than 400 MPa), very high effective loads are<br />
possible. The load limit always depends on the application of a bearing but real loads of over 200<br />
MPa are attainable. This is 10 times more than in a well-designed construction would be allowed<br />
on a bronze bearing! D-glide X does not creep and of the other D-glide qualities a non-creeping<br />
version is available.<br />
D-glide is delivered as finished bearing in all possible shapes and dimensions and as sheet and<br />
tube material. There also is a series of maintenance and corrosion free spherical bearings.<br />
DRIE-D not only supplies the materials, but also the knowledge to make optimum use of them. The<br />
activities range from delivery of the materials to simple bearing calculations to engineering of complex<br />
bearing constructions to turnkey delivery of complete projects.<br />
Thanks to this unique combination of properties the result with DRIE-D's D-glide bearings<br />
virtually always is a far better bearing construction or a bearing construction with a better<br />
price-performance ratio.<br />
data sheets UK, D-glide complete, 2008, page 3
DRIE-D <strong>Lagertechniek</strong> <strong>bv</strong><br />
the right perspective<br />
Kiotoweg 120, 3047 BG, Rotterdam, NL<br />
telephone: (+31) 10 - 462 07 00<br />
telefax: (+31) 10 - 462 07 07<br />
E-mail: mail@drie-d.nl<br />
internet: www.drie-d.nl<br />
<strong>DATA</strong> <strong>SHEETS</strong> D-GLIDE<br />
DESCRIPTION D-GLIDE P<br />
D-glide P is a composite bearing material that in most applications requires no lubrication or any<br />
other kind of maintenance. It allows very high loads, wear rates and friction values are low and<br />
chemical resistance is good. D-glide P can be used dry as well as in sea water and most other<br />
fluids, just some concentrated acids, bleaches and a few hydro-carbons pose a possible treat to<br />
material integrity. Basically the running behaviour is not very much influenced by the presence or<br />
absence of fluids, until hydro dynamic lift starts to play a role. However in such and other 'high<br />
speeds' applications D-glide F is better choice.<br />
D-glide P is mainly used in joints, hinges and other mechanical connections where no high sliding<br />
speeds occur, both on land as well as in marine environments. D-glide P does not conduct electricity<br />
and contains no metals or other ingredients that could initiate or accelerate corrosion, thus<br />
avoiding or at least reducing all kinds of corrosion problems. It is friendly for the counter face material<br />
which means that most current steels can be used without hardening or any other treatment.<br />
This combination or properties make D-glide P a good choice to replace many lubricated or self<br />
lubricated bronze bushing and other metal bearings as well as a superior replacement for all<br />
thermo plastic - PA, PE, POM, etcetera - bearings.<br />
The main properties of D-glide P are summarised in the table below.<br />
property<br />
unit<br />
compressive strength (MPa) 325<br />
shear strength (MPa) 95<br />
stiffness under compression (MPa) 2000<br />
density (10 3 kg/m 3 ) 1.25<br />
water absorption (%) 0.15<br />
coefficient of thermal expansion (10 -6 /°C) 65<br />
chemical resistance (-) good<br />
colour (-) blue<br />
maximum temperature (°C) 130<br />
minimum temperature (°C)
DRIE-D <strong>Lagertechniek</strong> <strong>bv</strong><br />
the right perspective<br />
Kiotoweg 120, 3047 BG, Rotterdam, NL<br />
telephone: (+31) 10 - 462 07 00<br />
telefax: (+31) 10 - 462 07 07<br />
E-mail: mail@drie-d.nl<br />
internet: www.drie-d.nl<br />
<strong>DATA</strong> <strong>SHEETS</strong> D-GLIDE<br />
DESCRIPTION D-GLIDE F<br />
D-glide F is a composite bearing material that in almost all applications requires no lubrication or<br />
any other kind of maintenance. Besides the fact that it is maintenance free the material is characterized<br />
by the very low wear rates and friction values. For already a long time composite materials<br />
outlast thermo-plastic bearings and ‘self lubricating’ metal bearings by far and within this group of<br />
composite materials, D-glide F has proven many times that wear rates are among the lowest of all<br />
materials available. At the same time the mechanical properties are on a very high level with real<br />
average bearing pressures reaching values of 200 MPa or more.<br />
Because of the low friction values and the, for a composite, high allowable working temperature<br />
plus the fact that the friction values do not increase with temperature, which applies to almost all<br />
other composite bearings, the material can be used in relatively high speed and high ‘PV value’<br />
applications.<br />
D-glide F does not conduct electricity thus avoiding or at least reducing all kinds of corrosion problems.<br />
It is friendly for the counter face material which means that most current steels can be used<br />
without hardening or any other treatment.<br />
Chemically D-glide F is virtually inert, only some concentrated acids or bases might affect the material.<br />
Water swell is negligible meaning that D-glide F can be used in virtually any environment<br />
without precautions.<br />
The main properties of D-glide F are summarised in the table below.<br />
property<br />
unit<br />
compressive strength (MPa) 350<br />
shear strength (MPa) 105<br />
stiffness under compression (MPa) 1600<br />
density (10 3 kg/m 3 ) 1.35<br />
water absorption (%) 0.30<br />
coefficient of thermal expansion (10 -6 /°C) 50<br />
chemical resistance (-) good<br />
colour (-) light brown<br />
maximum temperature (°C) 150<br />
minimum temperature (°C)
DRIE-D <strong>Lagertechniek</strong> <strong>bv</strong><br />
the right perspective<br />
Kiotoweg 120, 3047 BG, Rotterdam, NL<br />
telephone: (+31) 10 - 462 07 00<br />
telefax: (+31) 10 - 462 07 07<br />
E-mail: mail@drie-d.nl<br />
internet: www.drie-d.nl<br />
<strong>DATA</strong> <strong>SHEETS</strong> D-GLIDE<br />
DESCRIPTION D-GLIDE FT<br />
D-glide FT is D-glide F with a special ‘high PTFE content’ sliding layer. With respect to friction values<br />
and wear rates there is no material that comes even close to PTFE but mechanical properties<br />
of PTFE are poor. For this reason most D-glide qualities contain PTFE, homogeneously dispersed<br />
in the material but the percentage that can be included this way is limited.<br />
To increase the percentage of PTFE in the contact surface DRIE-D has developed D-glide FT. The<br />
sliding layer does not have the full strength of normal D-glide F but with limited layer thicknesses<br />
this is hardly significant for the bearing as a whole. Compared with D-glide F the friction values and<br />
wear rates are reduced by 20 tot 80 percent and, even more important, there is hardly if difference<br />
between static and dynamic friction. This means that the chance that a D-glide FT bearing originates<br />
any noise of moves in a non-uniform motion is almost reduced to zero.<br />
Because the sliding layer is not as tough as normal D-glide F the resistance against abrasive wear<br />
is slightly reduced. There are more bearing materials available with a thin PTFE based sliding layer<br />
but these normally have metal ‘carriers’, meaning that when the sliding layer gets damaged or is<br />
worn away there is no bearing function left resulting in acute stand still, damaged counter faces<br />
and other unwanted effect. One of the ‘charms’ of D-glide FT is that when for some reason the<br />
sliding layer is no longer functional there will be a normal D-glide F contact surface left. This<br />
means, going from an excellent bearing to a good bearing instead of going from a good bearing to<br />
no bearing at all. In brief: D-glide FT is a good choice for applications where lower wear rates or<br />
friction values are required than possible with D-glide P or F.<br />
The main properties of D-glide F are summarised in the table below.<br />
property<br />
unit<br />
compressive strength (MPa) 300<br />
shear strength (MPa) 95<br />
stiffness under compression (MPa) 1600<br />
density (10 3 kg/m 3 ) 1.35<br />
water absorption, submerged (%) 0.3<br />
coefficient of thermal expansion (10 -6 /°C) 50<br />
chemical resistance (-) good<br />
colour (-) light brown<br />
maximum temperature (°C) 150<br />
minimum temperature (°C)
DRIE-D <strong>Lagertechniek</strong> <strong>bv</strong><br />
the right perspective<br />
Kiotoweg 120, 3047 BG, Rotterdam, NL<br />
telephone: (+31) 10 - 462 07 00<br />
telefax: (+31) 10 - 462 07 07<br />
E-mail: mail@drie-d.nl<br />
internet: www.drie-d.nl<br />
<strong>DATA</strong> <strong>SHEETS</strong> D-GLIDE<br />
DESCRIPTION D-GLIDE FS<br />
D-glide FS is a special variety of the D-glide F material. The bearing properties are identical to<br />
those of D-glide F, but due to a different combination of fibres the mechanical properties are different.<br />
D-glide FS has been developed for high load applications where with D-glide F or P creep may<br />
occur. The stiffness of D-glide FS is approximately twice as high as of D-glide F but can be adjusted<br />
upwards and downwards when desired. In practice this means that the material is suited to<br />
be loaded for a long period of time with much higher pressures than would be acceptable for almost<br />
any other composite plain bearing material besides D-glide X.<br />
As all other D-glide qualities it, in most circumstances, requires no lubrication or any other kind of<br />
maintenance. It is also non<strong>–</strong>metallic and an electrical insulator thus preventing many corrosion<br />
problems.<br />
This combination of properties makes it first of all a very cost effective solution for all application<br />
where bearing loads can get up to more than 50 MPa for a longer period of time and other bearings<br />
materials creep, flow or ‘hammer out’. A second range of applications where the unique combination<br />
of properties show to full advantage, is those where bearings are used in systems with<br />
stationary shafts and revolving bearings. With bearings with a lower stiffness in these applications<br />
the bearings are compressed creating a situation in which the shaft is always ‘running up a hill’ of<br />
bearing material. This introduces great stresses in the material often causing early bearing failure<br />
and highly increases the running resistance. Due to the higher stiffness of D-glide FS this effect<br />
occurs at far higher loads.<br />
The main properties of D-glide FS are summarised in the table below.<br />
property<br />
unit<br />
compressive strength (MPa) 350<br />
shear strength (MPa) 105<br />
stiffness under compression (MPa) 3000 <strong>–</strong> 6000<br />
density (10 3 kg/m 3 ) 1.35<br />
water absorption (%) 0.30<br />
coefficient of thermal expansion (10 -6 /°C) 50<br />
chemical resistance (-) good<br />
colour (-) light brown<br />
maximum temperature (°C) 150<br />
minimum temperature (°C)
DRIE-D <strong>Lagertechniek</strong> <strong>bv</strong><br />
the right perspective<br />
Kiotoweg 120, 3047 BG, Rotterdam, NL<br />
telephone: (+31) 10 - 462 07 00<br />
telefax: (+31) 10 - 462 07 07<br />
E-mail: mail@drie-d.nl<br />
internet: www.drie-d.nl<br />
<strong>DATA</strong> <strong>SHEETS</strong> D-GLIDE<br />
DESCRIPTION D-GLIDE FC<br />
D-glide FC is a variety of D-glide F with which it shares the main mechanical properties. As all<br />
other D-glide qualities it is designed to be used without lubrication or any other kind of maintenance.<br />
D-glide FC has been developed to further reduce wear rates, especially in less than ideal circumstances.<br />
This includes many linear applications where the counter face conditions are not as well<br />
controlled as is usually the case in rotating motions. D-glide FC is even less sensitive than the<br />
other D-glide qualities to intrusion of foreign particles (for example sand or rust) in the contact surface.<br />
This gives the material a very constant long term behaviour; low wear rates and low and constant<br />
friction values, also in polluted environments.<br />
Applications include linear slides in hoisting equipment, drill floor tools, various slides on board<br />
dredging vessels, joints and hinges on board railway vehicles - amongst others in the brake systems<br />
- and even bottom plates of (formula) racing cars. In all of these applications D-glide FC outlasted<br />
the previously used materials by a factor 2 up to a factor 10 or more, all without lubrication.<br />
Lubrication is allowed and usually has no negative effects on the behaviour of the bearing. When<br />
used in abrasive circumstances some extra care is required in choosing the counter face material.<br />
Especially in rotating applications a minimum hardness of HB 220 is advised. For linear applications<br />
this is less critical but still an important design feature.<br />
The main properties of D-glide FC are summarised in the table below.<br />
Property<br />
Unit<br />
compressive strength (MPa) 350<br />
shear strength (MPa) 105<br />
stiffness under compression (MPa) 1600<br />
density (10 3 kg/m 3 ) 1.35<br />
water absorption, submerged (%) 0.3<br />
coefficient of thermal expansion (10 -6 /°C) 50<br />
chemical resistance (-) good<br />
colour (-) orange-pink<br />
maximum temperature (°C) 150<br />
minimum temperature (°C)
DRIE-D <strong>Lagertechniek</strong> <strong>bv</strong><br />
the right perspective<br />
Kiotoweg 120, 3047 BG, Rotterdam, NL<br />
telephone: (+31) 10 - 462 07 00<br />
telefax: (+31) 10 - 462 07 07<br />
E-mail: mail@drie-d.nl<br />
internet: www.drie-d.nl<br />
<strong>DATA</strong> <strong>SHEETS</strong> D-GLIDE<br />
DESCRIPTION D-GLIDE U<br />
D-glide U can be seen as an improved version of D-glide F. It shares the good running properties<br />
of D-glide F but thanks to the use of different fibres, the resistance against abrasive wear is even<br />
better. Also maximum strength and stiffness are slightly higher than of D-glide F. Creep is an unknown<br />
phenomenon for D-glide U. Perhaps the most significant improvement over D-glide F is the<br />
much higher allowable temperature, better temperature stability and the fact that properties hardly<br />
change with increasing temperatures.<br />
This makes D-glide U suitable for applications where in high ambient temperatures (over 100 °C)<br />
maintenance free bearings are required or for example in high-speed applications where the bearings<br />
have to run run dry for a certain amount of time. D-glide U is the only asbestos free plain bearing<br />
material that in potential and possible use comes close to or even surpasses the old asbestos<br />
materials. The abrasion resistance is better as is the dimensional stability because it does not absorb<br />
water. Typical applications for D-glide U are found in for example steel mills and other environments<br />
with high ambient temperatures and in heavily loaded pumps.<br />
D-glide U does not conduct electricity thus avoiding or at least reducing all kinds of corrosion problems.<br />
It is friendly for the counter face material however in high speed or abrasive circumstances a<br />
hardened counter face material is advised. Chemically D-glide U is virtually inert, only some concentrated<br />
acids or bases might affect the material. Water swell is negligible meaning that D-glide U<br />
can be used in almost all environments without precautions.<br />
The main properties of D-glide U are summarised in the table below.<br />
property<br />
unit<br />
compressive strength (MPa) 390<br />
shear strength (MPa) 110<br />
stiffness under compression (MPa) 2200<br />
density (10 3 kg/m 3 ) 1.4<br />
water absorption, submerged (%) 0.3<br />
coefficient of thermal expansion (10 -6 /°C) 35<br />
chemical resistance (-) good<br />
colour (-) light brown<br />
maximum temperature (°C) 250<br />
minimum temperature (°C)
DRIE-D <strong>Lagertechniek</strong> <strong>bv</strong><br />
the right perspective<br />
Kiotoweg 120, 3047 BG, Rotterdam, NL<br />
telephone: (+31) 10 - 462 07 00<br />
telefax: (+31) 10 - 462 07 07<br />
E-mail: mail@drie-d.nl<br />
internet: www.drie-d.nl<br />
<strong>DATA</strong> <strong>SHEETS</strong> D-GLIDE<br />
Remarks to the tables:<br />
1 The strength of a composite material is no objective value but depends on the shape of the test sample and the<br />
direction of the load. Given values apply to a flat sample of 50 x 50 x 5 mm and are determined at a temperature of<br />
20°C.<br />
2 Given loads are failure loads, bearing design pressures are lower and depend on application details.<br />
3 The values for water absorption indicate the maximum increase in wall thickness for a bearing that is continuously<br />
immersed in water.<br />
4 The thermal expansion is perpendicular to the normal fibre orientation, the expansion parallel to the fibres if less.<br />
5 With reference to the chemical resistance the main threats comes from concentrated acids and bases. With D-glide<br />
P and F also caution must be taken in contact with solvents such as ‘Tri’ and ‘Tetra’. In case of use of the bearings<br />
in a chemically aggressive environment please always consult DRIE-D.<br />
6 The maximum temperatures given are the temperatures that the materials can withstand for a longer period of time<br />
without negative consequences, briefly higher temperatures are allowed.<br />
7 For use of D-glide bearings at temperatures of over 80 °C please always consult DRIE-D.<br />
8 D-glide does not have a ‘glass-temperature’, there is no fixed bottom temperature, it does not get brittle. The stiffness<br />
increases with decrease of the temperature and the other way around.<br />
9 With reference to the friction values the given lower limits indicate what is feasible under optimal conditions, it is<br />
advised to base calculations on the upper limits.<br />
10 With reference to the wear resistance this is the reduction in wall thickness as a function of the sliding distance.<br />
Given indications come from comparisons with conventional and other plastic bearings in typical applications in<br />
good conditions.<br />
11 With reference to the resistance against abrasive wear this is the reduction in wall thickness as a function of the<br />
sliding distance. Given indications come from comparisons with conventional and other plastic bearings in typical<br />
applications in strongly polluted environments.<br />
12 With reference to the hardness of counter faces, minimal values of ~HB180 are advised. In case of abrasive conditions,<br />
high sliding speeds in combination with high loads or vibrations a harder counter face material could be required.<br />
Again when in doubt contact DRIE-D.<br />
13 With reference to the roughness of counter faces a Ra value of 1.2µ or better is advised, but not lower than 0.2µ<br />
data sheets UK, D-glide complete, 2008, page 10
DRIE-D <strong>Lagertechniek</strong> <strong>bv</strong><br />
the right perspective<br />
Kiotoweg 120, 3047 BG, Rotterdam, NL<br />
telephone: (+31) 10 - 462 07 00<br />
telefax: (+31) 10 - 462 07 07<br />
E-mail: mail@drie-d.nl<br />
internet: www.drie-d.nl<br />
CRANE BUILDING<br />
Application:<br />
D-glide F bushings are used in the main hinges of a large floating harbour crane. Shaft diameter is<br />
ø560 mm. The originally proposed roller bearings could not be guaranteed for this application. The<br />
D-glide F bearings used instead are now fully maintenance free and the costs were less than one<br />
third of the original.<br />
Advantages of the D-glide solution<br />
- maintenance free<br />
- high allowable peak loads (6 times more than roller bearings)<br />
- easy installation (low weight)<br />
- simple design<br />
- low cost<br />
- wear indicator possible<br />
- maximum reliability (no external provisions needed)<br />
Files<br />
Crane building, 1.jpg:<br />
Crane building, 2.jpg:<br />
Crane building, 4.jpg:<br />
D-glide F main hinge bearing, shaft ø560, being frozen in liquid Nitrogen.<br />
Cold D-glide F main hinge bearing (-196 °C) being installed in the housing.<br />
D-glide F main hinge bearings installed.<br />
data sheets UK, D-glide complete, 2008, page 11
DRIE-D <strong>Lagertechniek</strong> <strong>bv</strong><br />
the right perspective<br />
Kiotoweg 120, 3047 BG, Rotterdam, NL<br />
telephone: (+31) 10 - 462 07 00<br />
telefax: (+31) 10 - 462 07 07<br />
E-mail: mail@drie-d.nl<br />
internet: www.drie-d.nl<br />
D-GLIDE SPHERICALS<br />
Application<br />
D-glide Sphericals are spherical bearings made both to international standards as well as designed<br />
for purpose. They consist of a D-glide ‘sphere’ fitted with a stainless steel sleeve which together<br />
form the inner part that moves inside a stainless steel housing. Because of the combination of materials<br />
used they are maintenance free as well as corrosion free and can be used dry as well as<br />
submerged in (sea) water and almost all other fluids. Load ratings are on a similar level to steel-onsteel<br />
or other maintenance free bearings.<br />
Typical applications: hydraulic cylinders, (sluice) doors, draw-bridges.<br />
Advantages of the D-glide solution<br />
- maintenance free<br />
- usable in any environment, wet and dry<br />
- interchangeable with other spherical bearings<br />
- different properties easily possible (larger angles, other material combinations, etcetera)<br />
- maximum reliability (no external provisions needed)<br />
- both radial and axial versions available<br />
Files<br />
D-glide Sphericals, 1.jpg:<br />
D-glide Sphericals, 2.jpg:<br />
A collection of both standard and custom build D-glide Sphericals,<br />
i.a.:special 27° tilt angle bearings for aircraft simulators.<br />
Type 320 D-glide Sphericals used in hydraulic cylinders in a ‘split<br />
hopper dredger’, more than 4 times outlasting both lubricated<br />
steel-on-steel and other maintenance free ones.<br />
D-glide Sphericals, Axial, 1.jpg: D-glide Spherical thrust bearings, ø260 and ø280 for Flender<br />
transmission cutter dredger<br />
data sheets UK, D-glide complete, 2008, page 12
DRIE-D <strong>Lagertechniek</strong> <strong>bv</strong><br />
the right perspective<br />
Kiotoweg 120, 3047 BG, Rotterdam, NL<br />
telephone: (+31) 10 - 462 07 00<br />
telefax: (+31) 10 - 462 07 07<br />
E-mail: mail@drie-d.nl<br />
internet: www.drie-d.nl<br />
D-GLIDE ‘NON-SPHERICALS’<br />
Application<br />
Spherical bearings are used a lot in the eyes if hydraulic cylinders and many other joints and<br />
hinges where the alignment of shaft and housing can not be guaranteed. In wet and dirty environments<br />
it is difficult to keep these bearings (both the lubricated as well as the maintenance free<br />
ones) in a good condition. Seals and lubrication must be in a perfect condition in order to keep the<br />
bearings alive. In many of these application the maximum misalignment angles are limited. If (in<br />
general) these angles are limited to no more than 0.5° they can be replaced by D-glide bushings in<br />
one piece with the same dimensions and geometry. The flexibility of the bearings is sufficient to<br />
cope with the misalignment. The result is a inexpensive, reliable bearing, without moving parts and<br />
without the need for external provisions like seals or lubrication.<br />
Advantages of the D-glide solution<br />
- no moving parts<br />
- easy installation<br />
- no corrosion<br />
- very low cost<br />
- short delivery times<br />
Files<br />
Various D-glide F parts, 3.jpg:<br />
Shipping, 1.jpg:<br />
Picture of ‘D-glide Non-Sphericals’ replacing the spherical<br />
bearings with the same dimensions<br />
D-glide bearings in the joints and hydraulic cylinders of deck<br />
hatches.<br />
data sheets UK, D-glide complete, 2008, page 13
DRIE-D <strong>Lagertechniek</strong> <strong>bv</strong><br />
the right perspective<br />
Kiotoweg 120, 3047 BG, Rotterdam, NL<br />
telephone: (+31) 10 - 462 07 00<br />
telefax: (+31) 10 - 462 07 07<br />
E-mail: mail@drie-d.nl<br />
internet: www.drie-d.nl<br />
DREDGING, A-FRAME AND SUCTION TUBE SHEAVES AND SWIVELS<br />
Application<br />
D-glide bushings in the ladder sheaves and swivel construction and on the under-water sheaves of<br />
the suction tube. Because of the location it is difficult to get lubrication to these positions and because<br />
of environment (sandy, slat and wet) it is difficult to keep anything in good shape. After repeated<br />
failure of the seals, the bronze bushings and the roller bearings used in these positions<br />
were replaced by D-glide washers and bushings (with incorporated seals) and since then no bearing<br />
has failed.<br />
Advantages of the D-glide solution<br />
- maintenance free<br />
- very reliable (not depending in external provisions)<br />
- no modifications to the current design required<br />
- useable both above and under water<br />
- suited for this hostile environment<br />
Files<br />
Dredging, 1.jpg:<br />
Deck view of the A-frames of the suspension of the suction tube<br />
with the sheaves, also D-glide bushings in the under water<br />
sheaves on the ‘tube sheave blocks’<br />
data sheets UK, D-glide complete, 2008, page 14
DRIE-D <strong>Lagertechniek</strong> <strong>bv</strong><br />
the right perspective<br />
Kiotoweg 120, 3047 BG, Rotterdam, NL<br />
telephone: (+31) 10 - 462 07 00<br />
telefax: (+31) 10 - 462 07 07<br />
E-mail: mail@drie-d.nl<br />
internet: www.drie-d.nl<br />
HYDROPOWER<br />
Application<br />
The bearings of a medium size hydropower plant needed to be replaced and the owners decided<br />
to use the opportunity to make all bearings maintenance free using D-glide F bearings.<br />
Advantages of the D-glide solution<br />
- maintenance free<br />
- no modifications<br />
- smooth operation<br />
Files<br />
Hydropower, 1.jpg: D-glide F bearings in connecting rods<br />
Hydropower, 2.jpg: ditto<br />
Hydropower, 3.jpg: D-glide F impellor bearing<br />
Hydropower, 4.jpg: View of one of the turbines<br />
Hydropower, 5.jpg: Refurbishment of a jet injection needle<br />
Hydropower, 7.jpg: View of the plant (5 x 7.5 MW)<br />
data sheets UK, D-glide complete, 2008, page 15
DRIE-D <strong>Lagertechniek</strong> <strong>bv</strong><br />
the right perspective<br />
Kiotoweg 120, 3047 BG, Rotterdam, NL<br />
telephone: (+31) 10 - 462 07 00<br />
telefax: (+31) 10 - 462 07 07<br />
E-mail: mail@drie-d.nl<br />
internet: www.drie-d.nl<br />
OFFSHORE, 900 T SHEAVE<br />
Application<br />
One of a series of 3 sheaves (one under water, one splash zone, one dry) with a maximum bearing<br />
load of 900 Metric Tons. DRIE-D designed and produced the D-Glide bearings in 3 weeks, the<br />
costs were much lower than those of any of the investigated alternatives and this solution was the<br />
only one truly maintenance free.<br />
Advantages of the D-glide solution<br />
- fully maintenance free<br />
- compact design<br />
- low cost<br />
- no seals, grease lines or any other external provisions<br />
- high safety factor<br />
- simple design<br />
Files<br />
Offshore - 900 T sheave.jpg:<br />
Picture of one of the 3 identical sheaves with D-glide F bushings,<br />
with incorporated seals to keep dirt out of the bearings, and separate<br />
thrust washers (Sheave weight: 7 MT each after 6.5 MT each<br />
had been machined off).<br />
data sheets UK, D-glide complete, 2008, page 16
DRIE-D <strong>Lagertechniek</strong> <strong>bv</strong><br />
the right perspective<br />
Kiotoweg 120, 3047 BG, Rotterdam, NL<br />
telephone: (+31) 10 - 462 07 00<br />
telefax: (+31) 10 - 462 07 07<br />
E-mail: mail@drie-d.nl<br />
internet: www.drie-d.nl<br />
OFFSHORE, DECK FAIRLEAD<br />
Application<br />
Horizontal, deck mounted fairleads normally use large roller bearings for the barrel. To keep them<br />
in good condition seals and lubrication are essential and even than they do not live forever. Roller<br />
bearings in these dimensions (shaft diameters of ø700 and up) are expensive and delivery times<br />
are long. Thanks to the low friction values of D-glide for this kind of applications often D-glide bearings<br />
are a good alternative. DRIE-D has the ability to mount D-glide sheet material in radius in a<br />
metal housing and this way on short term any size bearing can be produced against a fraction of<br />
the costs of the comparable roller bearings. Added advantages are that they do not require any<br />
maintenance, allowable loads are much higher and they can be used both dry and in (sea)water<br />
without any provisions. For new installation the dimensions of this kind of D-glide bearings can be<br />
much smaller than the comparable roller bearings.<br />
Advantages of the D-glide solution<br />
- maintenance free<br />
- low cost<br />
- smaller dimensions possible<br />
- short delivery times (any bearing can be produced within weeks)<br />
- can be used dry and in water<br />
- less corrosion problems<br />
Files<br />
Offshore, Deck fairlead, 1.jpg: Picture of the 3.25"wire fairlead, D-glide bushings replace the roller<br />
bearings in the sheave and D-glide strips mounted in a steel housing<br />
replace the Timken bearings of the barrel.<br />
Offshore, Deck fairlead, 3.jpg: Rear view of the fairlead.<br />
Offshore, Deck fairlead, 5.jpg: Detail of the sheave bearings during installation.<br />
Offshore, Deck fairlead, 6.jpg: Detail of the installed barrel bearings.<br />
Offshore, Deck fairlead, 7.jpg: Installation of the barrel.<br />
data sheets UK, D-glide complete, 2008, page 17
DRIE-D <strong>Lagertechniek</strong> <strong>bv</strong><br />
the right perspective<br />
Kiotoweg 120, 3047 BG, Rotterdam, NL<br />
telephone: (+31) 10 - 462 07 00<br />
telefax: (+31) 10 - 462 07 07<br />
E-mail: mail@drie-d.nl<br />
internet: www.drie-d.nl<br />
OFFSHORE, PIPE-LAY VESSEL, STINGER ROLLERS<br />
Application<br />
The stinger rollers of the Solitaire, one of the world’s largest pipe-lay vessels were originally fitted<br />
with grease lubricated roller bearings. However from day 1 there were problems, seals failed, bearings<br />
broke, grease leaked and so on. After a year in service it was decided that a new bearing design<br />
was needed for the rollers of this US$ 400.000,00 a day vessel. Allseas invited a large number<br />
of bearing manufacturers to present a proposal. DRIE-D’s design was chosen and a number of<br />
bearing materials were assessed on the Lorelay. D-glide by far showed the least wear of all alternatives<br />
considered (other composites and self-lube metal bearings like Oilless) and the lowest friction.<br />
Advantages of the D-glide solution<br />
- fully maintenance free<br />
- incorporated seals to prevent dirt from intruding the bearings<br />
- very long bearing life<br />
- no corrosion problems (D-glide is no metal and an electrical insulator)<br />
- low cost<br />
- simple design<br />
Files<br />
Offshore, Pipe lay vessel, 1.jpg: Picture of the 90 metre long stinger of this giant, state of the art,<br />
fully Dynamic Positioned, pipe-lay vessel.<br />
Offshore, Pipe lay vessel, 2.jpg: ditto.<br />
Offshore, Pipe lay vessel, 3.jpg ditto.<br />
data sheets UK, D-glide complete, 2008, page 18
DRIE-D <strong>Lagertechniek</strong> <strong>bv</strong><br />
the right perspective<br />
Kiotoweg 120, 3047 BG, Rotterdam, NL<br />
telephone: (+31) 10 - 462 07 00<br />
telefax: (+31) 10 - 462 07 07<br />
E-mail: mail@drie-d.nl<br />
internet: www.drie-d.nl<br />
OFFSHORE, PIPE-LAY VESSEL, ROLLER BOX SUSPENSION<br />
Application<br />
Each 4 sets of 2 stinger rollers is suspended in a frame, the roller box. The roller boxes originally<br />
were suspended in spherical bearings made of a ‘self-lube pocket bronze’ sphere in a stainless<br />
steel housing. During maintenance it was found that after a year these bearings were virtually destroyed<br />
by electrolytical processes (bronze with graphite and stainless steel in a huge steel construction<br />
in sea water ......) and wear.<br />
Allowable loads on D-glide are very high (>300 MPA) but the stiffness is relatively low and all deformation<br />
is elastic. Since misalignment angles were limited, D-glide bushings with the same dimensions<br />
and geometry as the Sphericals could easily perform the function of the Sphericals. This<br />
solution was proposed on Friday, 17:30, the following Wednesday the bearings were on board the<br />
ship!<br />
Advantages of the D-glide solution<br />
- no moving parts<br />
- virtually ‘undestroyable’<br />
- easy installation<br />
- no corrosion<br />
- very low cost<br />
- short delivery times<br />
Files<br />
Offshore, Pipe lay vessel, 4.jpg:<br />
Various D-glide F parts, 3.jpg:<br />
Picture of the stinger with the roller boxes.<br />
Picture of the ‘D-glide Non-Sphericals’ replacing the spherical<br />
bearings.<br />
data sheets UK, D-glide complete, 2008, page 19
DRIE-D <strong>Lagertechniek</strong> <strong>bv</strong><br />
the right perspective<br />
Kiotoweg 120, 3047 BG, Rotterdam, NL<br />
telephone: (+31) 10 - 462 07 00<br />
telefax: (+31) 10 - 462 07 07<br />
E-mail: mail@drie-d.nl<br />
internet: www.drie-d.nl<br />
OFFSHORE, PIPE-LAY VESSEL, STINGER JOINTS<br />
Application<br />
The different sections of the stinger construction are joint by steel shafts in bronze bushings,<br />
locked by keeper plates bolted to the shaft and the construction. Although this should be a static<br />
application it appeared that the shafts tended to rotate. Bolts on a number of keeper plates had<br />
sheared off and one shaft had worked itself sideways by almost 50 mm. Static friction between<br />
shafts and bronze bushings appeared to be so high that forces and torques caused by the micro<br />
motions were far higher than anticipated.<br />
When this was discovered the concerning bronze bushings were replaced by D-glide FS bushings<br />
(D-glide FS is a high load, high stiffness variety of D-glide F). Average bearings pressures in this<br />
application can go up to as much as 180 MPA.<br />
Advantages of the D-glide solution<br />
- low torques because of low friction<br />
- no corrosion<br />
- easy installation<br />
Files<br />
Offshore, Pipe lay vessel, 5.jpg: Picture of the joints with the keeper plates visible.<br />
data sheets UK, D-glide complete, 2008, page 20
DRIE-D <strong>Lagertechniek</strong> <strong>bv</strong><br />
the right perspective<br />
Kiotoweg 120, 3047 BG, Rotterdam, NL<br />
telephone: (+31) 10 - 462 07 00<br />
telefax: (+31) 10 - 462 07 07<br />
E-mail: mail@drie-d.nl<br />
internet: www.drie-d.nl<br />
OFFSHORE, MOORING SYSTEM<br />
Application<br />
A moored ship, like an FSO, is almost constantly in motion. This means that fatigue must be taken<br />
seriously, especially in all parts connecting the ship with the ocean-floor. Most motions take place<br />
in the connection of ship and anchor chain and reduction in torque there directly reduces the demands<br />
on steel parts. To reduce friction now D-glide bushings are used in the first uni-joint instead<br />
of self-lube bronze bearings or steel-on-steel. With D-glide bearings shaft diameters can be reduced.<br />
In spite of the almost continuous motions, the always present loads and the reduced dimensions,<br />
expected bearing life is still more than 20 years.<br />
Advantages of the D-glide solution<br />
- low torques<br />
- maintenance free<br />
- large reduction in component weight<br />
- large cost reduction<br />
- no corrosion problem<br />
Files<br />
Offshore, Mooring System, 1.jpg:<br />
Picture of a uni-joint with D-glide bushings and distance washers.<br />
data sheets UK, D-glide complete, 2008, page 21
DRIE-D <strong>Lagertechniek</strong> <strong>bv</strong><br />
the right perspective<br />
Kiotoweg 120, 3047 BG, Rotterdam, NL<br />
telephone: (+31) 10 - 462 07 00<br />
telefax: (+31) 10 - 462 07 07<br />
E-mail: mail@drie-d.nl<br />
internet: www.drie-d.nl<br />
OFFSHORE, J-LAY TOWER<br />
Application<br />
One of the challenges of a J-lay installation is to keep the pipe were it should be. The tensioners<br />
used for this should be designed as compact as possible to keep the dimensions of the total installation<br />
under control. This of course means that stresses in the various components are taken to the<br />
limit and that the result is a relatively flexible construction. By using D-glide bushings in all joints<br />
and hinges peak stresses remain relatively low because of the low stiffness of the material. The<br />
bearings easily take up the misalignments caused by the flexibility.<br />
Advantages of the D-glide solution<br />
- compact, ‘efficient’ design<br />
- relatively low stresses in the ‘joint-area’<br />
- small misalignments allowed<br />
- maintenance free<br />
- no corrosion problem<br />
Files<br />
Offshore, J-lay tower S7000.jpg:<br />
One of the largest J-lay installations in the world with D-glide<br />
bearings in the tensioners.<br />
data sheets UK, D-glide complete, 2008, page 22
DRIE-D <strong>Lagertechniek</strong> <strong>bv</strong><br />
the right perspective<br />
Kiotoweg 120, 3047 BG, Rotterdam, NL<br />
telephone: (+31) 10 - 462 07 00<br />
telefax: (+31) 10 - 462 07 07<br />
E-mail: mail@drie-d.nl<br />
internet: www.drie-d.nl<br />
OFFSHORE, FLOATING SHEARLEG<br />
Application<br />
On this large floating shearleg the customer changed to direct load measurement by means of load<br />
cells in the pins of the main blocks. Those are difficult to combine with lubrication therefore DRIE-D<br />
was invited to supply maintenance free D-glide bearings for this high load (average bearing pressures<br />
over 120 MPa) application. After removal of the support brackets it was found that the<br />
bronze layer in there had also worn out. In less than a week DRIE-D made bearing segments with<br />
exactly the correct thickness and glued them in the brackets so that now also the brackets no<br />
longer require lubrication. Any other option would have taken much more time and would have<br />
been far more expensive.<br />
Advantages of the D-glide solutions<br />
- maintenance free<br />
- modest demands on the shaft materials<br />
- short delivery time<br />
- low costs<br />
Files<br />
Offshore, Floating Sheerleg, 1.jpg:<br />
Offshore, Floating Sheerleg, 3.jpg:<br />
Offshore, Floating Sheerleg, 4.jpg:<br />
Offshore, Floating Sheerleg, 5.jpg:<br />
D-glide FS bushings installed in the main blocks.<br />
D-glide segments glued in the brackets.<br />
View of the top of the A-frame, D-glide FS bushings visible in<br />
the eyes of the main blocks.<br />
Side view of the vessel.<br />
data sheets UK, D-glide complete, 2008, page 23
DRIE-D <strong>Lagertechniek</strong> <strong>bv</strong><br />
the right perspective<br />
Kiotoweg 120, 3047 BG, Rotterdam, NL<br />
telephone: (+31) 10 - 462 07 00<br />
telefax: (+31) 10 - 462 07 07<br />
E-mail: mail@drie-d.nl<br />
internet: www.drie-d.nl<br />
OFFSHORE, VERTICAL FAIRLEAD<br />
Application<br />
Most column mounted fairleads are of a similar design. A bracket suspended by a top and bottom<br />
bearing in which a vertical sheave is mounted. The most commonly used bearings are ‘self-lube’<br />
bronze bearings but this is not an ideal solution. The bearings have a limited life, they are not easily<br />
available and even with cathodic protection corrosion is always a problem (usually the bore of<br />
the sheaves need to be machined out by on average 20 - 40 mm on diameter before sufficient<br />
‘flesh’ is created to install new bearings). When the solid lubrication is used up they become quite -<br />
aggressive for the shafts.<br />
D-glide bearings have proven to be an excellent choice for this application. Because of the nature<br />
of the material (no metal, electrical insulator) and the advised installation method corrosion of<br />
sheave bores is no longer a problem. Wear rates are much lower (10 times is possible), friction is<br />
lower and they are much friendlier for the shafts. In general it is possible to produce a complete set<br />
of D-glide bearings for a drill rig within 10 days.<br />
Advantages of the D-glide solution<br />
- no corrosion problems<br />
- long bearing life<br />
- low cost<br />
- short delivery times<br />
Files<br />
Offshore, fairleads, 08.jpg:<br />
Offshore, fairleads, 09.jpg:<br />
Offshore, fairleads, 12.jpg:<br />
Offshore, fairleads, 15.jpg:<br />
Offshore, fairleads, 16.jpg:<br />
Drill rig with D-glide bearing in the fairlead sheaves and swivels.<br />
Column of the drill rig with D-glide bearing in the fairleads<br />
Picture of the D-glide bearings installed in the sheaves.<br />
Worn out (4 year old) self lube bronze bushings.<br />
Fairlead with D-glide F bearings returned to barge.<br />
data sheets UK, D-glide complete, 2008, page 24
DRIE-D <strong>Lagertechniek</strong> <strong>bv</strong><br />
the right perspective<br />
Kiotoweg 120, 3047 BG, Rotterdam, NL<br />
telephone: (+31) 10 - 462 07 00<br />
telefax: (+31) 10 - 462 07 07<br />
E-mail: mail@drie-d.nl<br />
internet: www.drie-d.nl<br />
PUMP BEARINGS<br />
Application<br />
Large cooling water pumps often have wet bearings. The shafts normally revolve on a water film<br />
Hydro-dynamic) but at the start and shut down of the pump the friction and wear of the bearing<br />
material are very important for reliable operation. When the water can contain small particles the<br />
resistance against abrasive wear of the bearings becomes important. The originally fitted bearings<br />
on these pumps lasted a half year, the D-glide bearings replacing them are in there now for more<br />
than 3 years without problems.<br />
Advantages of the D-glide solution<br />
- low wear rates<br />
- low start-up and shut-down friction<br />
- good resistance against abrasive wear<br />
Files<br />
Pumps, 1.jpg:<br />
Pumps, 2.jpg:<br />
Pumps, 3.jpg<br />
Main cooling water pump of a power plant.<br />
Old, worn out bearings (1/2 year) of the pump<br />
Detail of the installed D-glide bearing<br />
data sheets UK, D-glide complete, 2008, page 25
DRIE-D <strong>Lagertechniek</strong> <strong>bv</strong><br />
the right perspective<br />
Kiotoweg 120, 3047 BG, Rotterdam, NL<br />
telephone: (+31) 10 - 462 07 00<br />
telefax: (+31) 10 - 462 07 07<br />
E-mail: mail@drie-d.nl<br />
internet: www.drie-d.nl<br />
WINDMILL<br />
Application<br />
The gondolas of a series of large (1 MW) windmills were revolving on bronze segments, bolted to<br />
the tower. To keep them in a good condition a continuous grease supply was installed but in spite<br />
of this the life was short. The grease appeared not to reach the contact areas where it was needed<br />
most and the bronze segments appeared to ‘hammer out’. To solve this problem the segments<br />
were replaced by D-glide segments according to the same design. Grease is no longer needed for<br />
a smooth operation and because all deformation is elastic the segments do not ‘hammer out’.<br />
Grease is still applied to prevent corrosion of the surrounding steel parts but the volume has been<br />
reduced to 5 percent of the original volume.<br />
Advantages of the D-glide solution<br />
- long bearing life<br />
- significant reduction of grease usage<br />
- smooth operation (no stick-slip)<br />
Files<br />
Windmills, 1.jpg:<br />
Several sets of segments (radius ±2800 mm) for the gondola support.<br />
data sheets UK, D-glide complete, 2008, page 26