Hermes: A Tutorial and Reference Manual - Researcher - IBM

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A.1LexicalRules Webeginwiththerulesthatdenethelexicaltokensofthelanguage, distinguishthemfromnormalidentiers.Additionallogicisrequiredto includingidentierandvarioustypesofliteral.Notethatkeywordsand reservedwordsarelexicallyequivalenttoidentiers.Atableisusedto AppendixA.HermesConcreteSyntax135 arelistedinTableA.1. determinewhenakeywordisactuallyusedasakeywordandwhenitis acter.Tokensmayneverspanlines,includingnamedliteralsandstring appearbetweentokens. tiontokens.PunctuationsequencesarelistedinTableA.2. usedasanormalidentier,sincemostkeywordsarenotreserved.Keywords literals.Arbitraryamountsofwhitespace(spaces,tabs,linebreaks)may named{literalandstring{literal,wheretheytreatedlikeanyotherchar- Certaincharactersandtwo-charactercombinationsconstitutepunctua- Spacesandtabsarenotallowedwithintokens,exceptinthecaseof Therearetwocommentingstyles: Commenttextmaybeembeddedwithinalinebydelimitingitwith Twoconsecutivehyphens(--)beginacommentthatextendstothe endoftheline. integer{literal extendstotheendoftheline.Acommentistreatedasaspace. identier::=alpha[alphanum]... Acommentbeginswithtwoconsecutivehyphencharacters(--)and thecharacterpairs\/*"atthebeginningand\*/"attheend. integer{part::=integer{literal real{literal::=[sign]initeger{part.[fraction{part][exponent] fraction{part::=integer{literal ::=[sign]digit[digit]... exponent::=exponent{letter[sign]integer{literal named{literal otherthanthespacecharacterareimplicitlyexcludedinallcases. string{literal::="[string{literal{character]..." Characterclassesusedintheaboveareasfollows.Nonprintingcharacters ::='named{literal{character[named{literal{character]...'
136A.1.LexicalRules digitisanyofthedigits0through9. alphaisanyupperorlowercaseletter,ortheunderscorecharacter alphanumincludesallcharactersindigitanddigit. exponent{letterincludestheupperandlowercaseletter'E'. signincludestheplus(+)andminus(-)signs. (). string{literal{characterincludesallcharactersexceptthedoublequote named{literal{characterincludesallprintingcharactersexceptthe singlequote(').Twoconsecutivesingle-quotecharacterswithina (").Twoconsecutivedouble-quotecharacterswithinastring{literal named{literalaretreatedasonesinglequotecharacterinthisclass. aretreatedasonedoublequotecharacterinthisclass.
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DavidF.BaconArthurP.GoldbergAndyLow
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Preface Thisdocumentcontainsatutori
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iv3TypeandTypestateChecking 5Resear
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Tutorial PartI 1
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ortransactions.AHermesmoduleisastra
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61.2.GettingStarted|ASimpleHermesPr
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81.2.GettingStarted|ASimpleHermesPr
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101.2.GettingStarted|ASimpleHermesP
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121.4.PuttingProcessesTogether thec
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141.4.PuttingProcessesTogether newI
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fullycheckedfortypeandtypestateerro
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constructs:thenewinput-port,connect
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201.5.DeclarationsandDenitions whil
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221.5.DeclarationsandDenitions Stan
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whichtheoutputportconnects|calledth
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261.6.ASimpleServer begin QuitCM:Qu
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281.6.ASimpleServer towritedataabst
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toaservice,whileretainingtheability
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322.1.Requirements PutLine PutLine
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342.3.Interfaces WMInterface:callme
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asmallchangetotheinterfaceFilter.Re
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382.5.Front-endProcess callParms.Ge
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402.5.Front-endProcess paringavalue
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ationtable[expr].Wehaveencounteredt
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ishiddenandinnowayaectsthesemantics
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462.7.TheWindowManager callCurrentW
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name.Ifwewaitedtobuildtheapplicatio
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502.8.CreatingaWindowApplication re
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522.8.CreatingaWindowApplication be
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examplesillustratedhere. errorhandl
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563.TypeandTypestateChecking anerro
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583.TypeandTypestateChecking Therei
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604.1.ExpressionBlocks anexpression
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624.3.Variants thevariantcomponents
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thetypestate(i.e.addattributes),but
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accesscontrol{anyonecangetit. 664.4
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685.ResearchDirectionsinHermes
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6Introduction Thereferencemanualpre
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7LexicalandSyntacticRules lectionso
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8Resolution name,attributename,exce
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8.1.2ComponentNames eachhaveacompon
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onthehandlerandusedontheexitstateme
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theelementwillalsobeknownbyapplying
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documentationpurposesevenwheretheya
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Page 100 and 101: 11 HermesOperations Throughoutthere
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Page 156 and 157: Typestatesappearinginparticularcont
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Page 166 and 167: copy(source,destination):Foreachatt
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Page 172 and 173: copy(continued) Preconditions: unco
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Page 186 and 187: merge{at(continued) Description:Rem
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emove(element,table) TypeRules: App
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select(continued) SpecialRules:Allt
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subtract(result,source1,source2) Ty
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unary{minus(result,source) TypeRule
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wrap(continued) Preconditions: var(
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definitions predefined:using() Appe
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);'named'->typename:typenameffullg
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{{Specicinformationneededtocomplete
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attrdefinition:record( attributeid:
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statement:record( id:statementid, o
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{{Ablockstatementqualieridentiesthe
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{{expressionisfalse. ifqualifier:re
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{{expression.The'element'rootvariab
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[ASU88]AlfredV.Aho,RaviSethi,andJer
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[SYB87a]RobertE.Strom,ShaulaAlexand
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AppendixC.PredenedModule215 coercio
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AppendixC.PredenedModule217 dening,
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variablename discarded,29 variant,6
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