Hermes: A Tutorial and Reference Manual - Researcher - IBM

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copy(source,destination):Foreachattributeinvolvingsourceora makecase(varcomp):Addtheattributecase(variant,varcomp),where subcomponent,substitutedestinationforsourceandaddtheresultingattribute.Dropanyotherattributeinvolvingdestinationorits subcomponents.Dropallconstraintattributesofvariablesofwhich AppendixB.HermesOperations159 destinationisasubcomponent. makechecked(operand):Ifoperand'stypeispredefined!program, killvariant(varcomp):Dropallattributesinvolvingthevariantof dropcomponents(variant):Dropanycaseattributeinvolvingvariant,andallattributesinvolvingacomponentofvariant. whichvarcompisacomponent,aswellasallattributesinvolvingits subcomponents. variantisthevariableofwhichvarcompisacomponent. moveelementts(table,element):Substituteelementintotheelement whichelementisasubcomponent. subcomponents.Dropallconstraintattributesinvolvingvariablesof sultingattributes.Dropallotherattributesinvolvingelementorits formaltypestateassociatedwiththetable'stype,andaddthere- addtheattributecheckeddefinitions(operand). addtheattributechecked(operand);ifoperand'stypeispredefined!definitionsmodule, polymorphts(operand):Thispostconditionappearsonlywiththe moveentryts(port,message):Substitutemessageintotheentryformaltypestateassociatedwithport's(inputport)type,andaddthe unwrapoperation.Substituteoperandintotheformaltypestateap- itssubcomponents.Dropallconstraintattributesinvolvingvariables pearingintheunwrapstatement,andaddtheresultingattributes. resultingattributes.Dropallotherattributesinvolvingmessageor ofwhichmessageisasubcomponent. killconstraints(operand):Dropallconstraintattributesinvolving asserted():Thispostconditionappearsonlywiththeassertoperation.Addtheattributenamedintheassertstatement. Dropallotherattributesinvolvingoperandoritssubcomponents. asubcomponent. operandoranyvariablesofwhichoperandisasubcomponent. Dropallconstraintattributesinvolvingvariablesofwhichoperandis
FollowingarethedetaileddescriptionsofalltheHermesoperations: 160B.5.PostconditionFunctions B.6OperationDescriptions add(result,source1,source2) TypeRules: Preconditions: source12numeric init(source2) init(source1) result2numeric resultsource1source2 source22numeric Exceptions:Depletion Description:Storethesumofsource1andsource2inresult. Qualier:absent var(result) Postconditions: and(result,source1,source2) makeinit(result) TypeRules: Preconditions: source12boolean result2boolean resultsource1source2 source22boolean Exceptions:Depletion Seex11.4,p.104 Description:Ifbothsource1andsource2aretrue,thensetresultto Qualier:absent var(result) true.Otherwisesetresulttofalse. init(source2) init(source1) Postconditions: makeinit(result) assert(...)Exceptions:Depletion,ConstraintError,ConstraintFailure TypeRules:SeeSpecialRules Preconditions: assertable() Postconditions: asserted() Seex11.4,p.105 SpecialRules:Thenumberofoperandsmustequalthenumberofparametersdeclaredinthedenitionoftheattributenamedinthestatement attributeparameter. qualier.Eachoperandmustalsomatchthetypeofthecorresponding
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DavidF.BaconArthurP.GoldbergAndyLow
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Preface Thisdocumentcontainsatutori
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iv3TypeandTypestateChecking 5Resear
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Tutorial PartI 1
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ortransactions.AHermesmoduleisastra
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61.2.GettingStarted|ASimpleHermesPr
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81.2.GettingStarted|ASimpleHermesPr
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101.2.GettingStarted|ASimpleHermesP
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121.4.PuttingProcessesTogether thec
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141.4.PuttingProcessesTogether newI
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fullycheckedfortypeandtypestateerro
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constructs:thenewinput-port,connect
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201.5.DeclarationsandDenitions whil
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221.5.DeclarationsandDenitions Stan
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whichtheoutputportconnects|calledth
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261.6.ASimpleServer begin QuitCM:Qu
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281.6.ASimpleServer towritedataabst
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toaservice,whileretainingtheability
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322.1.Requirements PutLine PutLine
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342.3.Interfaces WMInterface:callme
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asmallchangetotheinterfaceFilter.Re
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382.5.Front-endProcess callParms.Ge
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402.5.Front-endProcess paringavalue
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ationtable[expr].Wehaveencounteredt
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ishiddenandinnowayaectsthesemantics
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462.7.TheWindowManager callCurrentW
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name.Ifwewaitedtobuildtheapplicatio
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502.8.CreatingaWindowApplication re
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522.8.CreatingaWindowApplication be
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examplesillustratedhere. errorhandl
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563.TypeandTypestateChecking anerro
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583.TypeandTypestateChecking Therei
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604.1.ExpressionBlocks anexpression
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624.3.Variants thevariantcomponents
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thetypestate(i.e.addattributes),but
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accesscontrol{anyonecangetit. 664.4
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685.ResearchDirectionsinHermes
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6Introduction Thereferencemanualpre
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7LexicalandSyntacticRules lectionso
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8Resolution name,attributename,exce
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8.1.2ComponentNames eachhaveacompon
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onthehandlerandusedontheexitstateme
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theelementwillalsobeknownbyapplying
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documentationpurposesevenwheretheya
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ments.Therstargumenttocasemustbeava
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Ifinit(CM)ispresentandCMisacallmess
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6.Determinethepostconditionsforeach
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droppedattributesafternormalcomplet
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11 HermesOperations Throughoutthere
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Thediscardstatementremovesthevaluef
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Ifnoneoftheclausescanexitsnormally,
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Ifthereisanoptionalselectexpression
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stmemberisanatomwithprintnamematchi
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types.Additionally,theoperations\an
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Less,Less-equal,Greater,Greater-equ
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RecordTypeFamily 11.5RecordOperatio
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Page 142 and 143: A.1LexicalRules Webeginwiththerules
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Page 156 and 157: Typestatesappearinginparticularcont
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Page 168 and 169: assert(continued) Description:Evalu
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Page 172 and 173: copy(continued) Preconditions: unco
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Page 186 and 187: merge{at(continued) Description:Rem
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Page 194 and 195: select(continued) SpecialRules:Allt
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Page 202 and 203: definitions predefined:using() Appe
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{{expression.The'element'rootvariab
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[ASU88]AlfredV.Aho,RaviSethi,andJer
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[SYB87a]RobertE.Strom,ShaulaAlexand
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AppendixC.PredenedModule215 coercio
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AppendixC.PredenedModule217 dening,
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variablename discarded,29 variant,6
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