BEN SCHOEMAN DOCK BERTH DEEPENING Specialist ... - Transnet

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8 REFERENCES Awad A., C. Clarke, L. Greyling, R. Hilliard, Polglaze and S. Raaymakers 2004. Ballast Water Risk Assessment, Port of Saldanha Bay, Republic of South Africa, November 2003: Final Report. GloBallast Monograph Series No. 13. IMO London Bally R. 1983. Intertidal zonation on sandy beaches of the West Coast of South Africa. Cahiers de Biologie Marine 24: 85-103. Bally R. 1987. The ecology of sandy beaches of the Benguela ecosystem. S. Afr. J. Mar. Sci. 5: 759-770. Barnes K.N. 2000 (Ed). The Eskom Red Data Book of Birds of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland. Johannesburg, BirdLife South Africa, 169 pp. BCLME 2004. The development of a common set of water and sediment quality guidelines for the coastal zone of the BCLME. Project BEHP/LBMP/03/04. Bennett B.A. and C.L. Griffiths 1984. Factors affecting the distribution, abundance and diversity of rock-pool fishes on the Cape peninsula, South Africa. S. Afr. J. Zool. 19: 97-104. Best P.B. 1981. The status of right whales (Eubalaena glacialis) off South Africa, 1969- 1979. Invest. Rep. Sea Fisheries Res. Inst. 123, 44 pp. Best P.B. 2000. Coastal distribution, movements and site fidelity of Right Whales Eubalaena glacialis off South Africa, 1969-1998. S. Afr. J. mar. Sci. 22: 43-55. Best P.B. and G.J.B. Ross 1989. Whales and whaling In: Payne A.I.L. and R.J.M. Crawford (eds) Oceans of Life off Southern Africa, Cape Town, Vlaeberg, pp315- 338. Bolton J.J. and H. Stegenga 2002. Seaweed species diversity in South Africa. S. Afr. J. mar. Sci. 24: 9-18. Branch G.M. and C.L. Griffiths 1988. The Benguela ecosystem part V: the coastal zone. Oceanogr. and Mar. Biol. Ann. Rev. 26: 395-486. Brown P.C., Painting, S.J. and K.L. Cochrane 1991. Estimates of phytoplankton and bacterial biomass and production in the northern and southern Benguela ecosystems. S. Afr. J. mar. Sci. 11: 537-564. Brown S. and E. Warrington 1995. Cape Peninsula mussel watch presentation. Unpublished manuscript, DEAT/MCM. Bustamante R.H. and G.M. Branch 1996a. Large scale patterns and trophic structure of southern African rocky-shores the roles of geographic variation and wave exposure. J. Biogeogr. 23: 339-351. Bustamante R.H. and G.M. Branch 1996b. The dependence of intertidal consumers on kelp-derived organic matter on the west coast of South Africa. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 196: 1-28. Bustamante R.H., Branch, G.M., Eekhout, S., Robertson, B., Zoutendyk, P., Schleyer, M., Dye, A., Hanekom, N., Keats, D., Jurd, M. and C. McQuaid 1995. Gradients of intertidal primary productivity around the coast of South Africa and their relationships with consumer biomass. Oecologia 102: 189-201. Carter R., Steffani, N. and S. Lane 2003. Strategic Environmental Assessment for the development of the Port of Cape Town: Marine ecological aspects. Prepared for CSIR on behalf of The National Ports Authority. Specialist Consultant in Applied Marine Science, 8 Francolin St. Somerset West, 7130. 56 pp. CES 2001. Specialist report on the environmental impacts and monitoring guidelines for the land excavation and disposal, marine dredging and marine disposal 105
operations at Coega Port. Prepared for Coega Development Corporation, Port Elizabeth, South Africa. 105pp + Appendices. Chapman P. and L. V. Shannon 1985 The Benguela Ecosystem. Part II. Chemistry and related processes. Oceanogr. Mar. Biol. Ann. Rev., 23: 183-251. Christie N.D. 1974. Distribution patterns of the benthic fauna along a transect across the continental shelf off Lamberts Bay, South Africa. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Cape Town, 110 pp & Appendices.. Christie N.D. 1976. A numerical analysis of the distribution of a shallow sublittoral sand macrofauna along a transect at Lambert’s Bay, South Africa. Trans. Roy. Soc. S. Afr. 42: 149-172. Clark B.M. 1997a. Variation in surf zone fish community structure across a wave exposure gradient. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 44: 659-674. Clark B.M. 1997b. Dynamics and Utilisation of Surf Zone Habitats by Fish in the South- Western Cape, South Africa. Unpublished PhD Thesis, University of Cape Town. Clarke KR and RM Warwick 1994. Change in Marine Communities - An approach to statistical analysis and interpretation. Natural Environment Research Council, United Kingdom. CMS. 1995a. Water quality assessment of Table Bay Harbour. Initial report, prepared by the Centre for Marine Studies, University of Cape Town, for Watermeyer Prestedge Retief, 70 pp. CMS. 1995b. Water quality assessment of Table Bay Harbour. Summer survey, prepared by the Centre for Marine Studies, University of Cape Town, for Watermeyer Prestedge Retief, 33 pp. Crawford R. J. M. and H. G. v. D. Boonstra 1994. Counts of moulting and breeding jackass penguins Spheniscus demersus – a comparison at Robben Island, 1988- 1993. Mar. Ornithol. 22: 213-219. Crawford R. J. M. 2006. Closure of areas to purse-seine fishing around St Croix and Dyer Island penguin colonies. Unpublished manuscript, DEAT/MCM, Cape Town. 8pp. Crawford R. J. M. 1998. African penguin taxon data sheet. In: Penguin Conservation Assessment and Management Plan. Ellis, S., Croxall, J.P. & J. Cooper (Eds.) Apple Valley, USA; IUCN/SSC Conservation Breeding Specialist Group: 115- 129. Crawford R. J. M., S. A. Davis, R. T Harding, L. F. Jackson, T. M. Leshoro, R. M. Meyer, R. M. Randall, L. G. Underhill, L. Upfold, A. P. Van Dalsen, E. Van Der Merwe, P. A. Whittington, A. J. Williams and A. C. Wolfaardt 2000. Initial impact of the Treasure oil spill on seabirds off western South Africa. S. Afr. J. mar. Sci. 22: 157-176. Crawford R. J. M., L. V. Shannon and D. Pollock 1989. The Benguela Ecosystem. Part IV. The major fish and invertebrate resources. Oceanogr. Mar. Biol. Ann. Rev. 25: 353-505. CSIR 1992. Turbid water in the Elizabeth Bay region. A review of the relevant literature. CSIR Report EMAS-I 92004. CSIR 1995a. Turbid water literature review: A supplement to the 1992 Elizabeth Bay study. CSIR Report EMAS-I 95008. CSIR 1995b. Specialist study on the effects of dredging on marine ecology and mariculture in Saldanha Bay. CSIR Report EMAS-C-96005D CSIR. 1997. Table Bay sediment study: Phase III. CSIR Report ENV/S-C97085. Prepared for Cape Metropolitan Council. 56 pp + appendices. CSIR 1998. Assessment of sediment biogeochemical characteristics in the Espirito Santo Estuary-Maputo Bay system in order to devise a low risk dredging-disposal 106
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BEN SCHOEMAN DOCK BERTH DEEPENING S
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the test organisms. The EC 5 is usu
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Turbidity Upwelling Vulnerable Wrac
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Another important issue is the poss
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6.2.1.3 Settlement of material susp
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2 METHODOLOGY For the assessment tw
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The proposed deepening of the Ben S
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4.3 Cumulative effects Table Bay re
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undetectable in 80% of the measurem
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5.1.3 Biological communities The ma
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Supralittoral fringe (Littorina zon
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Niambia sp. Coleoptera Diptera Tylo
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Midlittoral zone - The intertidal o
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Fish - Nearshore and in the sandy b
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2000 at Robben Island revealed furt
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Table 2: Common whales and dolphins
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Table 3: Site, time, mean count (co
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150000 125000 100000 Kg 75000 50000
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sensitive because of its conservati
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Schoeman Dock occurred in 1971 (Pro
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Table 7: Hydrocarbon distributions
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care concentration ranges for cadmi
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SS mg/l Boxplot for TSS 80 60 40 20
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The mean values calculated above ar
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o o possibility of the dredge spoil
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The gravel sized component of the s
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Table 12a: London Convention Annex
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Benthos distributions in Block #1 -
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40 40 30 Site 1A 30 Site 1B % Speci
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2 Cluster Dendrogram and MDS ordina
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the well developed ripples in the c
Page 63 and 64: 6 IMPACT IDENTIFICATION AND ASSESSM
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Page 67 and 68: Impact Assessment Table No Mitigati
Page 69 and 70: are summarised in the table and it
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Page 73 and 74: considered to be low. Further, the
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Page 77 and 78: dependent on these include the harm
Page 79 and 80: structures. The apparent lack of su
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Page 83 and 84: Figure 24: The predicted worst case
Page 85 and 86: Figure 25 depicts the simulation mo
Page 87 and 88: 6.2.3.2 Alteration of benthic biolo
Page 89 and 90: Impact Assessment Table No Mitigati
Page 91 and 92: Nature of impact - Turbid plumes of
Page 93 and 94: Figure 26b: Predicted worst case ex
Page 95 and 96: Figure 27b: Predicted worst case ex
Page 97 and 98: suspended sediment concentrations i
Page 99 and 100: Figure 28a: Dredge spoil dump site
Page 101 and 102: 6.2.3.6 Elevated water column turbi
Page 103 and 104: The evaluation with mitigation is:
Page 105 and 106: Figure 29a: Predicted exceedance in
Page 107 and 108: 6.3 Cumulative Impacts The proposed
Page 109 and 110: Impact summary Table (cont.) Impact
Page 111 and 112: Impact summary Table (cont.) Impact
Page 113: mitigated by ensuring that the Cutt
Page 117 and 118: Glassom D., K. Prochazka and G.M. B
Page 119 and 120: Protekon 2006. Port of Cape Town co
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