BEN SCHOEMAN DOCK BERTH DEEPENING Specialist ... - Transnet
BEN SCHOEMAN DOCK BERTH DEEPENING Specialist ... - Transnet
BEN SCHOEMAN DOCK BERTH DEEPENING Specialist ... - Transnet
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The subtidal rock substratum community - Along the West Coast of South Africa,<br />
kelp beds are the dominant communities on subtidal rocky reefs (= Sublittoral zone,<br />
Figure 4a). The main species in these beds are the kelps Ecklonia maxima and<br />
Laminaria pallida. The more delicate rope-like Macrocystis angustifolia can be found at<br />
more sheltered localities (Branch & Griffiths 1988).<br />
Below the sublittoral fringe, the inshore zone is generally dominated by small E. maxima<br />
plants and supports few animals. At intermediate depths, algal biomass is maximal with<br />
large E. maxima plants forming a canopy, beneath which L. pallida and understorey<br />
algae grow. Animal species diversity and biomass are, however, still low. Further<br />
offshore the kelp plants thin out and give way to a dense faunal community dominated<br />
by sea urchins, filter-feeding mussels, sponges and sea cucumbers (Velimirov et al..<br />
1977, Field et al.. 1980, Branch & Griffiths 1988).<br />
Porphyra capensis<br />
Cymbula granatina<br />
Aeodes orbitosa<br />
Gigartina spp.<br />
Splachnidium rugosum<br />
Gunnarea capensis<br />
2m<br />
Typically found on shores<br />
Scutellastra cochlear<br />
Bunodactis reynaudi<br />
Parechinus angulosus<br />
Found on more exposed shores<br />
Scutellastra granularis<br />
Oxystele variegata<br />
Ulva spp.<br />
0m<br />
Nucella spp.<br />
Burnupena spp.<br />
ROCKY SUBSTRATA<br />
Mytilus galloprovincialis<br />
Choromytilus meridonalis<br />
Pyura stolonifera<br />
Ecklonia maxima<br />
-10m<br />
Laminaria pallida<br />
Epymenia obtusa<br />
Aulacomya ater<br />
Pentacta doliolum<br />
Haliotis midae<br />
Jasus lalandii<br />
Plagusia chabrus<br />
Porifera<br />
Pachmetopon blochii<br />
Supralittoral<br />
Upper Midlittoral Lower Midlittoral Sublittoral Fringe<br />
Sublittoral<br />
-40m<br />
Figure 4a: Typical species zonation patterns on a South African west coast rocky shore<br />
(modified after Lane & Carter 1999).<br />
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