Multi-component boron coatings on low carbon steel AISI 1018

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TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) Chapter Page 5.1 Microstructure 146 5.1.1 Microstructure Properties of B-Cr-Fe, B-Mo-Fe, B-W-Fe, B-Nb-Fe, and B-Ta-Fe Coatings 147 5.1.2 Microstructure Properties of B-Ti-Fe, B-Zr-Fe, and B-Hf-Fe Coatings 149 5.2 Phase Identification and Analysis 154 5.2.1 Lattice Parameters, Microstrain, and Crystal Size Properties of B-Cr-Fe, B-Mo-Fe, B-W-Fe, B-Nb-Fe, and B-Ta-Fe Coatings 154 5.2.2 Lattice Parameters, Microstrain, and Crystal Size Properties of B-Ti-Fe, B-Zr-Fe, and B-Hf-Fe Coatings 155 5.3 Microhardness 157 5.4 Corrosion Resistance 159 5.5 Oxidation Resistance 161 6 CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE WORK 164 APPENDIX A PHASE DIAGRAMS 167 APPENDIX B PHASE PROPERTIES (CRYSTAL DATA) 176 REFERENCES 194 xiv
LIST OF TABLES Table Page 2.1 The Microhardness and Constitution of Boride Layers on Various Substrates Formed after Boronizing 5 2.2 The <strong>Multi</strong>-Component Boronizing 15 2.3 The Surface Hardness of Boronized Steels Compares to Other Treatments and Hard Materials 28 2.4 The Applications of Boronized Ferrous Materials 30 3.1 The Chemical Composition of the AISI 1018 Steel Sample 46 3.2 The Grinding and Polishing Procedures for the Steel Substrates 50 4.1 The Lattice Parameters, Microstrain and Crystal Size of Boride Coating in the Boron-Iron (B-Fe) System 73 4.2 The Lattice Parameters, Microstrain and Crystal Size of Boride Coating in the Boron-Chromium-Iron (B-Cr-Fe) System 81 4.3 The Lattice Parameters, Microstrain and Crystal Size of Boride Coating in the Boron-Molybdenum-Iron (B-Mo-Fe) System 90 4.4 The Lattice Parameters, Microstrain and Crystal Size of Boride Coating in the Boron-Tungsten-Iron (B-W-Fe) System 99 4.5 The Lattice Parameters, Microstrain and Crystal Size of Boride Coating in the Boron-Niobium-Iron (B-Nb-Fe) System 109 4.6 The Lattice Parameters, Microstrain and Crystal Size of Boride Coating in the Boron-Tantalum-Iron (B-Ta-Fe) System 118 4.7 The Lattice Parameters, Microstrain and Crystal Size of Boride Coating in the Boron-Titanium-Iron (B-Ti-Fe) System 127 4.8 The Lattice Parameters, Microstrain and Crystal Size of Boride Coating in the Boron-Zirconium-Iron (B-Zr-Fe) System 135 4.9 The Lattice Parameters, Microstrain and Crystal Size of Boride Coating in the Boron-Hafnium-Iron (B-Hf-Fe) System 143 XV
Page 1 and 2: Copyright Warning & Restrictions Th
Page 3 and 4: ABSTRACT MULTI-COMPONENT BORON COAT
Page 5 and 6: MULTI-COMPONENT BORON COATINGS ON L
Page 7 and 8: APPROVAL PAGE MULTI-COMPONENT BORON
Page 9 and 10: Roumiana S. Petrova, Naruemon Suwat
Page 11 and 12: vii
Page 13 and 14: TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter Page 1 IN
Page 15 and 16: TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) Chapt
Page 17: TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) Chapt
Page 21 and 22: LIST OF FIGURES (Continued) Figure
Page 27 and 28: CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Objectiv
Page 29 and 30: 3 borosiliconizing using bo
Page 31 and 32: 5 During boronizin
Page 33 and 34: 7 the FeB/Fe2B interface. Such crac
Page 35 and 36: 9 nickel metal do not show the stro
Page 37 and 38: 11 2.3.2 Paste Boronizing The paste
Page 39 and 40: 13 2.3.5 Plasma Boronizing The plas
Page 41 and 42: 15 Table 2.2 The Multi</str
Page 43 and 44: 17 Proportion of alloying elements,
Page 45 and 46: 19 when boronizing
Page 47 and 48: 21 in the process of powder pack <s
Page 49 and 50: 23 Torun [46] studied the b
Page 51 and 52: 25 10 3 Figure 2.4 The effect of st
Page 53 and 54: 27 • The surface hardness of <str
Page 55 and 56: 29 Figure 2.7 The hardness value fo
Page 57 and 58: 31 2.7 Research and Development on
Page 59 and 60: 33 Instead of toxic borane and <str
Page 61 and 62: 35 Tsipas et al. [76] utilized the
Page 63 and 64: 37 Buijnsters et al. [85] investiga
Page 65 and 66: 39 in terms of thickness and microh
Page 67 and 68: 41 these boride layers reduced the
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43 The decorative boride co
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CHAPTER 3 MULTI-COMPONENT BORONIZIN
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47 3.2.2 Procedures of Boronizing H
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49 Specimen Sample Preparation proc
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51 View direction through a microsc
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53 thicknesses was shown as a histo
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55 the test force, gf the length of
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57 3.3.4 Corrosion Resistance Testi
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59 2. Quantitative Phase Analysis Q
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61 B. The variance of the crystalli
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63 SDI Application software was use
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65 The Intensity /k can be refined
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67 The profile value: The weighted
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69 In Figure 4.1 b), the coating im
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71 4.1.2 Phase Identification The X
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73 Table 4.1 The Lattice Parameters
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75 4.1.4 Corrosion Resistance The c
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77 4.2 Boron- Chromium - Iron (B -
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83 4.2.4 Mierohardness In B-Cr-Fe s
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85 4.2.6 Oxidation Resistance The h
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Figure 4.13 The morphology images o
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Figure 4.14 The XRD pattern (refine
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91 Figure 4.15 The microdiffraction
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93 4.3.5 Corrosion Resistance The c
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95 4.4 Boron — Tungsten - Iron (B
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Figure 4.23 The mierofluoreseence o
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103 4.4.5 Corrosion Resistance The
Page 131 and 132:
105 4.5 Boron — Niobium - Iron (B
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107 4.5.2 Phase Identification The
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109 Table 4.5 The Lattice Parameter
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M 11 4.5.4 Microhardness In B-Nb-Fe
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113 4.5.6 Oxidation Resistance The
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Figure 4.34 The morphology images o
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Figure 4.35 The XRD pattern (refine
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1119 Figure 4.36 The microdiffracti
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123 4.7 Boron — Titanium - Iron (
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131 4.8 Boron — Zirconium - Iron
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139 4.9 Boron — Hafnium - Iron (B
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g 145 4.9.5 Oxidation Resistance Th
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147 5.1.1 Microstructure of B-Cr-Fe
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149 As mention above, the coating t
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151 Atomic size: 1.241A Crystal str
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153 Coating thickne, (Mean): 84.24
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155 Due to the atomic size, substit
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157 5.3 Microhardness In bo
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159 5.4 Corrosion Resistance In thi
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161 5.5 Oxidation Resistance In one
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Figure 5.7 The comparison of oxidat
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165 For transition metals Group IVB
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APPENDIX A PHASE DIAGRAMS The binar
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Figure A.3 Phase diagrams in B-Mo-F
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Figure A.5 Phase diagrams in B-Nb-F
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Figure A.7 Phase diagrams in B-Ti-F
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Figure A.9 Phase diagrams in B-Hf-F
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177 Name and formula Reference code
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Name and formula Reference code: 04
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195 15. Selçuka, B., Tpekb, R., Ka
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197 41. Ueda, N., Mizukoshi, T., De
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199 67. Davis, J. A., Wilbur, P. J.
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201 90. Uzunov, N., Ivanov, R. (200
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203 114. Jayaraman, S., Gerbi, J. E
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Multi-component boron coatings on low carbon steel AISI 1018

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