Arctic plant ecology: From tundra to polar desert in Svalbard - Unis

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Juncus biglumis L. Luzula confusa Lindeb. Luzula nivalis (Laest.) Spreng. Oxyria digyna (L.) Hill *Pedicularis dasyantha (Trautv.) Hadac #Poa alpina (L.) var. vivipara L. *Poa arctica R.Br. *Poa pratensis L. alpigena (Fr.) Hiit. Ranunculus sulphureus Sol. Ranunculus wilanderi (Nath.) Á.Löve & D.Löve *Salix polaris Wahlenb. Salix reticulata L. Saxifraga cespitosa L. subsp. cespitosa Saxifraga hieracifolia Waldst. & Kit. ex Willd. subsp. hieracifolia *Saxifraga hirculus L. subsp. compacta Hedberg *Saxifraga oppositifolia L. subsp. oppositifolia Saxifraga svalbardensis Øvstedal *Stellaria longipes Goldie s.l. 1707/1/23; Mayerbreen; old moraine area; 8800608, 33X 0440870 *Cerastium arcticum Lange coll. Cochlearia groenlandica L. coll. #Draba alpina L. *Draba corymbosa R.Br. ex DC. *Draba lactea Adams Draba oxycarpa Sommerf. *Luzula confusa Lindeb. #Oxyria digyna (L.) Hill Papaver dahlianum Nordh. subsp. polare (Tolm.) Elven & Ö.Nilsson *Poa alpina (L.) var. vivipara L. *Poa arctica R.Br. *Poa pratensis L. alpigena (Fr.) Hiit. *Saxifraga cernua L. *Saxifraga cespitosa L. subsp. cespitosa *Saxifraga hyperborea R.Br. *Saxifraga nivalis L. *Stellaria longipes Goldie s.l. 1707/2/1; Fjortende julibreen; birdcliff; 8786090, 33X 0439992 Bistorta vivipara (L.) S.F.Gray *Cerastium arcticum Lange coll. #Cerastium regelii Ostenf. Chrysosplenium tetrandrum (N. Lund) Th.Fr. #Cochlearia groenlandica L. coll. Draba corymbosa R.Br. ex DC. Draba nivalis Liljebl. *Draba norvegica Gunn. Erigeron humilis R.C.Graham Festuca rubra L. subsp. richardsonii (Hook.) Hultén Oxyria digyna (L.) Hill 26
*Poa arctica R.Br. Potentilla hyparctica Malte subsp. hyparctica Ranunculus pygmaeus Wahlenb. *Salix polaris Wahlenb. Saxifraga cernua L. *Saxifraga cespitosa L. subsp. cespitosa *Saxifraga hieracifolia Waldst. & Kit. ex Willd. subsp. hieracifolia Saxifraga nivalis L. *Saxifraga oppositifolia L. subsp. oppositifolia *Silene acaulis (L.) Jacq. *Stellaria longipes Goldie s.l. Taraxacum brachycera s Dahlst. Trisetum spicatum (L.) K.Richt. subsp. spicatum 1707/2/2; Fjortende julibreen; dry heath; 8786090, 33X 0433912 *Cerastium arcticum Lange coll. Cerastium regelii Ostenf. Chrysosplenium tetrandrum (N.Lund) Th.Fr. Cochlearia groenlandica L. coll. Draba L. sp. Draba alpina L. *Draba norvegica Gunn. Draba oxycarpa Sommerf. Luzula confusa Lindeb. *Oxyria digyna (L.) Hill #Poa alpina L. var. vivipara L. *Poa arctica R.Br. *Poa pratensis L. subsp. alpigena (Fr.) Hiit. Salix polaris Wahlenb. #Saxifraga cespitosa L. subsp. cespitosa Saxifraga hieracifolia Waldst. & Kit. ex Willd. subsp. hieracifolia Saxifraga oppositifolia L. subsp. oppositifolia Silene acaulis (L.) Jacq. Stellaria longipes Goldie s.l. #Taraxacum brachyceras Dahlst. 1807/1/12; Biscayarhuken; dry heath; 8864496, 33X 0448709 #Cardamine bellidifolia L. subsp. bellidifolia *Cerastium arcticum Lange coll. *Cochlearia groenlandica L. coll. Draba corymbosa R.Br. ex DC. #Draba micropetala Hook. Draba subcapitata Simm. Luzula confusa Lindeb. *Luzula nivalis (Laest.) Spreng. Oxyria digyna (L.) Hill Papaver dahlianum Nordh. subsp. polare (Tolm.) Elven & Ö.Nilsson *Poa arctica R.Br. Potentilla hyparctica Malte subsp. hyparctica 27
Page 1 and 2: Arctic plant ecology: From tundra t
Page 3 and 4: Arctic plant ecology: From tundra t
Page 5 and 6: localities in western and northern
Page 7 and 8: seamed to decrease from zone C to A
Page 9: Raup, H. M. 1965: The flowering pla
Page 12 and 13: them supporting his theory (e.g., H
Page 14 and 15: Site ID Table 1. Sites analysed in
Page 16 and 17: Table 2. Kendall’s τ correlation
Page 18 and 19: The RDA ordination (Fig. 4) showed
Page 20 and 21: al. (2007) found that at low temper
Page 22 and 23: Franzèn, D. & Molau, U. 1999: Vasc
Page 24 and 25: Tilman, D. 1982: Resource Competiti
Page 28 and 29: Puccinellia phryganodes (Trin.) Scr
Page 30 and 31: #Saxifraga nivalis L. *Saxifraga op
Page 32 and 33: *Coptidium lapponicum (L.) Tzvelev
Page 34 and 35: esponse curve. With rising temperat
Page 36 and 37: N Biscayarhuken Florabukta Reinsdyr
Page 38 and 39: of cold summers can be terminal for
Page 40 and 41: Results Ecological amplitudes of va
Page 42 and 43: A potential substrate area could be
Page 44 and 45: no. of districts 30 25 20 15 10 5 0
Page 46 and 47: tetragona, Erigeron humilis, Minuar
Page 48 and 49: with the species occurring on Svalb
Page 50 and 51: and substrate map show a clear occu
Page 52 and 53: Alsos, I. G. 2007: Frequent LongD
Page 54 and 55: Walker, M., Wahren, C., Hollister,
Page 56 and 57: northern hemisphere (Brochmann et a
Page 58 and 59: an enclave of bioclimatic zone C wi
Page 60 and 61: Table 3. Formulas of the different
Page 62 and 63: Figure 2. a: Cumulative number of s
Page 64 and 65: Figure 4. Presence and absence of a
Page 66 and 67: (2003), from which a highly signifi
Page 68 and 69: The intermediate stages seem to hav
Page 70 and 71: Svalbard in general. Moreover polyp
Page 72 and 73: Svoboda, J., Henry, G. H. R. 1987:
Page 74 and 75: limited by nutrient availability ra
Page 76 and 77:
flower. Care was taken to measure o
Page 78 and 79:
Biomass Biomass per unit land area
Page 80 and 81:
Luzula nivalis Juncus biglumis Drya
Page 82 and 83:
References Arft, A. M., Walker, M.
Page 84 and 85:
partly lose their high altitude/lat
Page 86 and 87:
preferably grow in rosettes, which
Page 88 and 89:
Forbs Graminoid Graminoids In grami
Page 90 and 91:
latitude plants on Svalbard to keep
Page 92 and 93:
Elvebakk A. 1999: Bioclimatic delim
Page 94 and 95:
a climate description see Rønning
Page 96 and 97:
Results and Discussion The minimum
Page 98 and 99:
Table 2. Ranking of examined plant
Page 100:
References Biebl, R. 1968: Über W
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Arctic plant ecology: From tundra to polar desert in Svalbard - Unis

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