Arctic plant ecology: From tundra to polar desert in Svalbard - Unis

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A potential substrate area could be calculated for each species knowing the species specific pH range by summing the percentage area of acidic, weakly acidic and/or alkaline circumneutral substrate occurring on Svalbard. These were set in relation to the distribution estimate of each species (Figure 4). The number of species occurring on all substrates is low and corresponds to the species with the widest pH range from acidic to alkaline circumneutral substrate material (Table 4). All of the species in this group show a wide distribution. On all substrate type combinations more than half of the species of each group are distributed over ten districts, except the acidic weakly acidic with Luzula confusa as the only group member. 42
High pH amplitude Medium pH amplitude Narrow pH amplitude Table 4. pH tolerance of 67 plant species on Svalbard sorted by bioclimatic zones. Low to high pH zone A zone B zone C zone D Cerastium arcticum Salix polaris None None Poa arctica Saxifraga cespitosa ssp. cespitosa Low to medium pH zone A zone B zone C zone D Luzula confusa None None None medium to high pH zone A zone B zone C zone D Bistorta vivipara Equisetum arvense ssp. alpestre Equisetum variegatum ssp. Carex maritima Cerastium regelii variegatum Carex rupestris Cochlearia groenlandica Festuca rubra ssp. richardsonii Draba norvegica Luzula nivalis Poa alpina Dryas octopetala Micranthes nivalis Poa pratensis ssp. alpigena Euphrasia wettsteinii Micranthes hieracifolia ssp. Minuartia rubella hieracifolia Oxyria digyna Minuartia biflora Papaver dahlianum ssp.polare Pedicularis dasyantha Saxifraga cernua Taraxacum brachyceras Saxifraga hirculus ssp. compacta Saxifraga oppositifolia ssp. oppositifolia Unknown zone: Silene acaulis Cerastium regelii x arcticum Stellaria crassipes Low pH None Medium pH zone B zone B zone C zone D Alopecurus borealis Dupontia fisheri Coptidium lapponicum Vaccinium uliginosum ssp. Betula nana ssp. tundrarum Cardamine bellidifolia ssp. bellidifolia Eriophorum scheuchzeri coll. microphyllum Draba alpina Hierochloe alpina ssp. alpina Draba corymbosa Pedicularis hirsuta Ranunculus hyperboreus ssp. Draba lactea arnellii Draba micropetala Saxifraga rivularis ssp. rivularis Juncus biglumis Micranthes foliolosa Micranthes tenuis Ranunculus pygmaeus Ranunculus sulphureus Saxifraga hyperborea high pH zone A zone B zone C Cassiope tetragona ssp. zone D Draba subcapitata Draba glabella tetragona Comastoma tenellum Phippsia algida Poa glauca Draba fladnizensis Poa abbreviata ssp. abbreviata Trisetum spicatum ssp. spicatum Erigeron humilis Potentilla hyparctica ssp. hyparctica Ranunculus arcticus Saxifraga platysepala 43
Page 1 and 2: Arctic plant ecology: From tundra t
Page 3 and 4: Arctic plant ecology: From tundra t
Page 5 and 6: localities in western and northern
Page 7 and 8: seamed to decrease from zone C to A
Page 9: Raup, H. M. 1965: The flowering pla
Page 12 and 13: them supporting his theory (e.g., H
Page 14 and 15: Site ID Table 1. Sites analysed in
Page 16 and 17: Table 2. Kendall’s τ correlation
Page 18 and 19: The RDA ordination (Fig. 4) showed
Page 20 and 21: al. (2007) found that at low temper
Page 22 and 23: Franzèn, D. & Molau, U. 1999: Vasc
Page 24 and 25: Tilman, D. 1982: Resource Competiti
Page 26 and 27: Juncus biglumis L. Luzula confusa L
Page 28 and 29: Puccinellia phryganodes (Trin.) Scr
Page 30 and 31: #Saxifraga nivalis L. *Saxifraga op
Page 32 and 33: *Coptidium lapponicum (L.) Tzvelev
Page 34 and 35: esponse curve. With rising temperat
Page 36 and 37: N Biscayarhuken Florabukta Reinsdyr
Page 38 and 39: of cold summers can be terminal for
Page 40 and 41: Results Ecological amplitudes of va
Page 44 and 45: no. of districts 30 25 20 15 10 5 0
Page 46 and 47: tetragona, Erigeron humilis, Minuar
Page 48 and 49: with the species occurring on Svalb
Page 50 and 51: and substrate map show a clear occu
Page 52 and 53: Alsos, I. G. 2007: Frequent LongD
Page 54 and 55: Walker, M., Wahren, C., Hollister,
Page 56 and 57: northern hemisphere (Brochmann et a
Page 58 and 59: an enclave of bioclimatic zone C wi
Page 60 and 61: Table 3. Formulas of the different
Page 62 and 63: Figure 2. a: Cumulative number of s
Page 64 and 65: Figure 4. Presence and absence of a
Page 66 and 67: (2003), from which a highly signifi
Page 68 and 69: The intermediate stages seem to hav
Page 70 and 71: Svalbard in general. Moreover polyp
Page 72 and 73: Svoboda, J., Henry, G. H. R. 1987:
Page 74 and 75: limited by nutrient availability ra
Page 76 and 77: flower. Care was taken to measure o
Page 78 and 79: Biomass Biomass per unit land area
Page 80 and 81: Luzula nivalis Juncus biglumis Drya
Page 82 and 83: References Arft, A. M., Walker, M.
Page 84 and 85: partly lose their high altitude/lat
Page 86 and 87: preferably grow in rosettes, which
Page 88 and 89: Forbs Graminoid Graminoids In grami
Page 90 and 91: latitude plants on Svalbard to keep
Page 92 and 93:
Elvebakk A. 1999: Bioclimatic delim
Page 94 and 95:
a climate description see Rønning
Page 96 and 97:
Results and Discussion The minimum
Page 98 and 99:
Table 2. Ranking of examined plant
Page 100:
References Biebl, R. 1968: Über W
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Arctic plant ecology: From tundra to polar desert in Svalbard - Unis

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