Sutton Common Updated project design - University of Exeter

2.4 Small finds
Analysis of the flint would enable a clearer understanding of activities which predated the
construction of the enclosures. The collection of finds associated with the Iron Age phase of
occupation consists of the possible quern stones, part of the small collection of pottery
fragments, the bone comb, the glass bead, and gold object. A single lead object found by
metal detecting the ploughsoil is considered to be of post-medieval date. Analysis of these
finds will help to answer questions relating to the activities that were happening within the
enclosures. It will also help to establish the links between Sutton Common and the wider
landscape through analysis of the source materials. Where this material was found in one of
the ditch-terminals, it should be treated as belonging to a structural deposit (cf. Hill 1995),
and inferences relating to ritualised behaviour and cosmology should be considered.
Flints: Previous flint assemblages recovered during the work of Sheffield University and the
Humber Wetlands Survey have been fully analysed (Parker Pearson and Sydes 1998, Head
et al. 1997). For the purpose of this project, following analysis of the assemblage, a summary
statement characterising the exploitation and settlement of the Common in the Mesolithic and
early Neolithic period suffices, aimed at providing insight into the landscape evolution prior to
the Iron Age.
Pottery: Pottery in South Yorkshire of Iron Age date is extremely rare, and any such material
found should be studied in detail, including through thin section analysis. The largest pieces
of the pottery is seen as belonging to the ‘structurally deposited’ material found in one of the
terminals of the eastern entrance, but a few scraps of pottery were found in the interior.
Quern Stones: Three fragments of quern stone were identified during the excavations, all
from contexts of postholes or posts from the interior of the larger enclosure. Ritual or structured
deposition of quern fragments are known from many sites in the British Isles in prehistory,
and this is currently the topic of a PhD study undertaken by Sue Watts (Exeter University).
Comb: A single bone weaving comb was found in one of the ditch terminals of the eastern
gateway – it is not decorated but in a good state of preservation. Many complete examples
are known from Iron Age Britain, and their ‘otherworldly’ use in deposition has been observed
elsewhere (e.g. Hodder and Hedges 1977).
Glass bead: The glass bead was the only find directly associated with the late Iron Age/early
Roman cemetery. It is a blue-green bead with ‘twirls’ of white – further analysis will place it in
an extensive corpus of Iron Age glass beads (Guido 1978), and scientific analysis including
XRF will further place it within known distributions of particular types of glass (Henderson
1989).
Gold: The single strip of hammered gold was found by metal detectorist Ian Stead working for
us during the excavations. The gold strip was found in the area of the cemetery, and we
assume an association here. Not much can be said about the item, but XRF analysis (at the
University of Exeter) may help to identify the provenance of the gold, and a possible function
may be determined.
Lead: The single lead object was found by metal detectorist Ian Stead, and is believed to be
post-medieval or modern in date. No further analysis is proposed for this object.
2.5 Human remains
The analysis of human remains and cremated material have the potential to inform us on
aspects of ritual, and assist in determining aspects of the function of the enclosure (Q1 -
2000-03 project design), and highlight the activities that relate to its use in relation to burial
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