Soil Microbial Ecology - Soil Molecular Ecology Laboratory

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Sarcina - nearly spherical, non-motile, chemoorganotrophs, strictly fermentative
metabolism, strict anaerobes.
Endospore-Forming Rods
Bacillus - rod-shaped, motile, flagella lateral, heat-resistant endospore,
chemoorganotrophs, strict aerobes to facultative anaerobes, gram-positive.
Clostridium - rods, peritrichous flagella, form spherical to ovoid spores, gram-positive,
chemoorganotrophs, most strictly anaerobic.
Budding and/or Appendaged
Hyphomicrobium - rod-shaped with pointed ends, produce mono- or bipolar filamentous
outgrowths, gram stain unknown, multiply by budding at tip, growth in liquid culture
on surface, chemoorganotrophic, aerobic, temp 15-30 C.
Pedomicrobium - spherical to rod-shaped, multi. by budding at tip of cellular extension
producing uniflagellate swarmers, gram-neg., microaerophilic to aerobic,
chemoheterotrophic, mesophilic.
Caulobacter - rod-shaped to vibrioid, typically with stalk extending from one pole, cells
may adhere to each other in rosettes, cell division by asymmetrical fission, gram-neg.,
chemoorganotrophic, aerobic.
Metallogenium - coccoid, attached to surfaces, may form flexible filaments, multiply by
budding, manganese and iron oxides deposited on filaments, heterotrophic.
Coryneform Group
Corynebacterium - irregular shape with club-like swellings, non-motile, gram-positive,
chemoorganotrophs, aerobic and facultatively anaerobic.
Arthrobacter - old culture coccoid, on fresh media swellings from coccoid cells giving
rise to irregular rods, gram-positive, chemoorganotrophs, strict aerobes.
Cellulomonas - irregular rods, motile by one or more flagella, gram-positive,
chemoorganotrophs, decompose cellulose, aerobic.
Mycobacterizceae
Mycobacterium - curved to straight rods, filamentous growth may occur. Acid-fast
reaction, non-motile, lipid content in wall high, aerobic