Soil Microbial Ecology - Soil Molecular Ecology Laboratory

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Page 36 CLASS GELIMYCETES: Basidia transversely or longitudinally septate (phragmobasidia) produced on various types of sporophores or directly on the mycelium. These are mainly decomposing fungi found on litter but Thanatephorus cucumeris (teleomorph of Rhizoctonia solani) also belongs here. CLASS HOLOBASIDIOMYCETES: Basidia non-septate (holobasidia), produced on persistent hymenia on various types of open sporophores or, rarely, directly on the mycelium; or inside closed sporophores opening, if at all, after the spores are mature. These are the more commonly seen mushrooms and wood rot fungi of which many species form ectomycorrhizal associations with trees. FORM PHYLUM DEUTEROMYCOTINA: Generally are called the Imperfecti Fungi. Their main characteristic are: Teleomorph absent, Saprobic, symbiotic, parasitic, or predatory fungi, unicellular or, more typically, with a septate mycelium, usually producing conidia from various types of conidiogenous cells. Sexual reproduction is unknown but a parasexual cycle may operate. A few species produce no spores of any kind. FORM CLASS BLASTOMYCETES: Soma consisting of yeast cells with or without pseudomycelium; true mycelium, if present, not well developed. FORM CLASS COELOMYCETES: True mycelium present; conidia produced in pycnidia or acervuli. FORM CLASS HYPHOMYCETES: True mycelium present; conidia produced on special conidiogenous hyphae (conidiophores) arising in various ways other than in pycnidia or acervuli. A few species do not produce spores of any kind. SERIES ALEURIOSPORAE: Spores develop terminally as blown-out ends of the sporogenus cells and usually thickwalled and pigmented.
Page 37 SERIES ANNELLOSPORAE: First spore produced terminally with each new spore blown out through the scar left by the previous. A succession of proliferations is accompanied by increased length of sporogeneous cells. SERIES ARTHROSPORAE: Conidia produced after separation and breaking up of sporogenous hyphae. SERIES BLASTOSPORAE: Develop in acropetal succession as blown out ends of conidiophore. SERIES BOTRYOBLASTOSPORAE: Conidia produced on well differentiated, swollen sporogenous cells. SERIES MERISTEM BLASTOSPORAE: Conidia borne singly at apex in irregular whorls which elongate from the base. SERIES PHIALOSPORAE: Sporogenous cells stay constant in length and conidia are abstricted successively in basipetal succession from an opening. REFERENCES Barron, G.L. 1968. The genera of hyphomycetes from soil. Williams &Wilkins. 364 pp. 462.07 B277G Domsch K.H., W. Gams, and T.H. Anderson. 1980. Compendium of <strong>Soil</strong> Fungi.Academic Press, New York. Hawksworth, D.C. 1983. Dictionary of Fungi. QK603 A5 Riddell, R.S. 1950. Permanent stained mycological preparations obtained by slide culture. Mycologia 42:265-270 Cramer, West Germany. 3rd edition. 424 pp. QK603.2 A7X Watanabe, T.1994. Pictorial atlas of soil and seed fungi : morphologies of cultured fungi and key to species. Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton, FL QR111 .W26713 1994
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Page 11 and 12: Page 11 3. POT CULTURE AM mycorrhiz
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Page 15 and 16: Page 15 METHOD This will be a demon
Page 17 and 18: Page 17 E X E R C I S E 3 SOIL MICR
Page 19 and 20: Page 19 Fungi constitute another ex
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Page 25 and 26: Page 25 OBJECTIVE: Train to use saf
Page 27 and 28: Page 27 MICROSCOPE OPERATION Micros
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Page 31 and 32: Page 31 GRAM-NEGATIVE AEROBIC RODS
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Page 41 and 42: Page 41 E X E R C I S E 6 SOIL MICR
Page 43 and 44: Page 43 METHOD: EXAMINATION OF ROOT
Page 45 and 46: Page 45 E X E R C I S E 7 SOIL ALGA
Page 47 and 48: Page 47 The most probable number (M
Page 49 and 50: Page 49 MATERIALS: Soil samples (ag
Page 51 and 52: Page 51 E X E R C I S E 8 SOIL META
Page 53 and 54: Page 53 METHOD: RESPONSE TO CARBON
Page 55 and 56: Page 55 A BIOMETER VESSEL A G F B C
Page 57 and 58: Page 57 Further example of calculat
Page 59 and 60: Page 59 PROTOCOL • To the 2ml Bea
Page 61 and 62: Page 61 Mechanical lysis is introdu
Page 63 and 64: Page 63 HINTS AND TROUBLESHOOTING G
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Page 67 and 68: Page 67 E X E R C I S E 10 SOIL RHI

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