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Military Professionalism - United States Air Force Academy

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the Services search for non-warfighting roles to gain bureaucratic approbation,<br />

compromising professionalism.<br />

Gamble, David. “Defence Officers Faked Reports.” The Toronto Sun (Mar. 28,<br />

1996): 7.<br />

<strong>Military</strong> officers in the Defence Department destroyed and faked official documents<br />

relating to Somalia with clear and direct orders from superiors to do so. Three senior<br />

officers received disciplinary action.<br />

Krauss, Clifford. “World Briefing Americas: Canada: Gay Soldiers Wed at Base.”<br />

The New York Times (Jun. 15, 2005): 11.<br />

http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9D04E0DD163BF936A25755C0A9639<br />

C8B63&scp=1&sq=World%20Briefing%20Americas:%20Canada:%20Gay%20Soldi<br />

ers%20Wed%20at%20Base&st=cse<br />

The military confirmed that a sergeant and a warrant officer, both men, were married last<br />

month in a ceremony at a military base in Nova Scotia. It was the first time the military<br />

has presided over a same-sex marriage, now legal in almost all of Canada following a<br />

series of court decisions over the last two years. The soldiers were married by a <strong>United</strong><br />

Church minister after the base chaplain, an Anglican, refused to officiate for religious<br />

reasons. The guidelines of the armed forces treat same-sex couples the same as unions<br />

between men and women. Legislation to expand marriage rights to gay couples<br />

nationwide is awaiting enactment in Parliament and has the support of Prime Minister<br />

Paul Martin.<br />

Lagasse, Philippe and Joel J. Sokolsky. “A Larger ‘Footprint’ in Ottawa: General<br />

Hillier and Canada’s Shifting Civil-<strong>Military</strong> Relationship, 2005-2008.” Canadian<br />

Foreign Policy 15.2 (Summer 2009): 16-41.<br />

Canadian civil-military relations underwent notable shifts between 2005 and 2008, with<br />

the military first gaining, then appearing to lose, a degree of influence over defence<br />

policy and a level of political clout unseen in generations. This paper argues that three<br />

interrelated factors allowed the Chief of Defence Staff (CDS), Rick Hillier, to strengthen<br />

the Canadian <strong>Force</strong>s' (CF) position in the civil-military relationship. First was the desire<br />

by recent government to erase Canada's image as a defence free-rider. Next was the civil<br />

authority's decision to loosen a key bureaucratic-level monitoring mechanism over the<br />

military. Third was the CF's deployment to Kandahar, Afghanistan, which boosted public<br />

support for the military and granted the CF a recognized expertise in the use of force to<br />

safeguard national security. The paper concludes by examining recent efforts by the civil<br />

authority to contain the military's newfound influence.<br />

71

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