Extragalactic abstracts - IRSA - California Institute of Technology

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Spitzer_Approved_Extragalactic Mar 25, 10 16:24 Page 607/742 Spitzer Space Telescope − General Observer Proposal #3596 Where is the Dust and Star Formation in Compact Groups of Galaxies? Principal Investigator: Kelsey Johnson Institution: University of Wisconsin − Madison Technical Contact: Kelsey Johnson, University of Virginia Co−Investigators: Sarah Gallagher, University of California − Los Angeles Jane Charlton, Penn State Ann Hornschemeier, Johns Hopkins University John Hibbard, NRAO Science Category: galaxy clusters and groups Observing Modes: IracMap MipsPhot Hours Approved: 17.5 Abstract: Compact groups of galaxies provide a unique environment to study the mechanisms by which star formation occurs amid continuous gravitational encounters. These dense groups host a variety of modes of star formation, and they can provide insight into the role of gas in galaxy evolution. As part of a multi−wavelength effort to study compact groups of galaxies (spanning X−ray to radio wavelengths), we propose Spitzer IRAC and MIPS imaging for a sample of twelve Hickson Compact Groups. The Spitzer observations will provide powerful diagnostics to study the recent and ongoing star formation in these groups, as well as the affect of galaxy interactions on the location of dust in these systems. We will investigate the role of environment in the formation of stars and massive star clusters, the properties of the embedded regions of star formation, the timescales involved in the triggering and propagation of star formation, the relationship between dust and gas, and the transition/relationship between starbursts and AGNs in these dense groups of interacting galaxies. The sample of giant galaxies, starbursts, LINERs, and AGNs is comparable in size and surface brightness sensitivity to the SINGS Legacy Program, which covers a wide range of environments, but does not include compact groups. These observations will ultimately have an impact on our understanding of the assembly of galaxies at high redshift, and on galaxy evolution throughout the universe. Spitzer_Approved_Extragalactic Printed_by_SSC Mar 25, 10 16:24 Page 608/742 Spitzer Space Telescope − General Observer Proposal #30945 Spitzer Observations of Environomental Effects on Virgo Cluster Galaxies Principal Investigator: Jeffrey Kenney Institution: Yale University Technical Contact: Eric Murphy, Yale University Co−Investigators: George Helou, Caltech/IPAC Jacqueline van Gorkom, Columbia University Bernd Vollmer, University of Strasbourg Curtis Struck, Iowa State University Ranier Beck, Max Planck Institute−− Bonn David Schiminovich, Columbia University Eric Murphy, Yale University Alberto Noriega−Crespo, Spitzer Science Center David Makovoz, Spitzer Science Center Science Category: galaxy clusters and groups Observing Modes: IracMap MipsScan Hours Approved: 102.9 Abstract: We propose Spitzer MIPS and IRAC observations for a carefully selected sample of 36 Virgo cluster spiral and peculiar galaxies. The detailed information that Spitzer provides on the interstellar medium, star formation, and stellar populations, when combined with our considerable data base and simulations, will greatly improve our understanding of interactions in clusters and the consequences for galaxy evolution. For this sample, we already have VLA HI and radio continuum images from the VIVA survey, optical BVRH−alpha imaging, GALEX UV images, and optical spectroscopy. Mapping the unobscured distributions of star formation at 24um will reveal the effects of interactions, such as tidally triggered central starbursts, and ram−pressure induced star formation at the outer edges of stripped gas disks. We will compare the observed distributions of star formation with predictions from simulations which are already tightly constrained by the optical and HI data. The Spitzer 8um PAH images show outer galaxy ISM with a combination of sensitivity and resolution better than optical and HI images. This outer galaxy dust is a powerful tracer of the types of interactions and their timescales. Comparisons with B−I ‘‘dust extinction’’ maps will constrain interaction models by clarifying the ISM geometry. The near−IR data from IRAC, together with GALEX UV, H−alpha, and optical spectroscopy, will provide spatially−resolved star formation histories. Analyzing the expected variations in the radio−to−FIR ratio in extraplanar regions will also provide strong constraints on the physical processes which generally link these two emissions so tightly in star−forming galaxies. These galaxies are different from galaxies outside of clusters, since most of them have been significantly modified by their environment. The science goals are distinct from SINGS, although complementary, and would use the SINGS data as a benchmark for comparison with non−cluster galaxies. Thursday March 25, 2010 xgal_covers.txt 304/371
Spitzer_Approved_Extragalactic Mar 25, 10 16:24 Page 609/742 Spitzer Space Telescope − General Observer Proposal #30507 Far−infrared Emission from the Coma Cluster of Galaxies Principal Investigator: Tetsu Kitayama Institution: Toho University Technical Contact: Tetsu Kitayama, Toho University Co−Investigators: Hidehiro Kaneda, Institute of Space and Astronautical Science Hidenori Takahashi, The University of Tokyo Yuka Yoshikawa Tajiri, The University of Tokyo Takashi Onaka, The University of Tokyo Itsuki Sakon, The University of Tokyo Naomi Ota, RIKEN Hirohisa Nagata, National Astronomical Observatory of Japan Kenkichi Yamada, Toho University Science Category: galaxy clusters and groups Observing Modes: MipsScan Hours Approved: 11.4 Abstract: We propose MIPS observations of the Coma cluster of galaxies (A1656), aiming at the first firm detection of intergalactic dust grains. Clusters of galaxies provide a unique environment of dust−gas interactions; the X−ray emitting plasma can heat the dust to 10−20 K via collisions, as well as destroy small grains via sputtering. Recent claim of detecting collisionally heated dust grains in Coma by ISOPHOT (Stickel et al. 2002), however, has been much debated owing to insufficient quality of the data. With MIPS, we can test their result unambiguously for the first time. In addition, multi−wavelength detections enable us to determine both the amount and the mean temperature of the grains. Combined with X−ray and optical data, they further provide powerful clues to understanding the dust−gas interaction and the ejection history of dust from galaxies. In case of no detection, we are still able to place severe constraints on its amount, which is a meaningful step forward in the long−standing argument regarding the intergalactic dust. Our observation will therefore provide a unique opportunity of probing the nature of dust grains in relation to the ambient hot gas and host galaxies. Spitzer_Approved_Extragalactic Printed_by_SSC Mar 25, 10 16:24 Page 610/742 Spitzer Space Telescope − General Observer Proposal #40652 Galaxy Evolution in the Cluster/Filament Environment Principal Investigator: Dale Kocevski Institution: University of California, Davis Technical Contact: Dale Kocevski, University of California, Davis Co−Investigators: Harald Ebeling, University of Hawaii Cheng−Jiun Ma, University of Hawaii Science Category: galaxy clusters and groups(high−z) Observing Modes: IracMap MipsScan Hours Approved: 16.0 Abstract: Recent studies have found that the outskirts of galaxy clusters, such as the filament networks which feed them, play a pivotal role in driving galaxy evolution well before galaxies reach the cluster environment. Several processes have been proposed that would transform galaxies in the low−density regime, some of which directly suppress star formation activity and others that would instead trigger a burst of star formation that consumes most of the galaxy’s gas supply. We can directly test for this latter class of mechanisms by searching for a starbursting population of galaxies in and around clusters. Furthermore since many of the proposed processes are most effective at different galaxy and gas densities, the properties of the local environment in which starburst galaxies are found can help constrain the mechanisms which trigger them. We propose 3.6−8 micron IRAC and 24 micron MIPS observations of a well defined and highly studied large−scale filament feeding the massive cluster MACS J0717.5+3745 at z=0.55. The filament is a highly coherent, spectroscopically confirmed structure detected in our galaxy surface density maps, weak lensing analysis and X−ray observations. We have compiled an extensive multi−wavelength dataset to aid in this study, including an 18−pointing, high−resolution HST ACS mosaic of the field. The environment around MACS J0717.5+3745 is well suited to investigate the mechanisms which trigger starburst activity and drive galaxy evolution in clusters as it provides a full range of environments to probe, from the cluster core to the filament−cluster interface and out to the low density regime of the filament proper. By examining the properties of the local environment in which starburst galaxies are activated, along with their morphological and spectroscopic attributes we can place strong constraints on the physical processes which trigger such activity and ultimately transform field galaxies into the passively evolving population of galaxies predominately found in clusters. Thursday March 25, 2010 xgal_covers.txt 305/371
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