ANNUAL REPORT_2008.pdf - Rural Water Supply and Sanitation ...

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SRLF. Out of the total latrines promoted in the communities, the latrines constructed through Self-help are higher than using SRLF fund. This shows that the majority of the latrines are promoted through self-help (Table-9). According to a very recent survey of 820 schemes that were completed between 1996 and 2008, 66,737 household latrines were built. 51 percent of these were constructed using The Sanitation Revolving Loan Fund (SRLF) provided under the project. The remaining latrines were built with the communities’ own resources. In the same schemes, 560 institutional latrines were constructed in schools located inside the scheme area. School Health, Hygiene and Sanitation Since this program is based on child-to-child and child-to-parent/community learning approach, the students are motivated to share sanitation messages with their peers, home and community. A number of activities through School Teachers and Students Groups (STSGs) related to health, hygiene and sanitation like sanitation campaigns, quiz contests, cleaning of roads, trails, etc. are performed. Institutional Latrine Promotion: Support for the construction of institutional latrines has been focused mainly in government schools within the scheme areas. The community contribution policy as developed for water supply scheme has been applied for institutional latrine construction as well. The size and type of the latrines depended upon the number of the students and teachers in the school. A separate tap, latrines and urinal chambers, separate for girls and boys are constructed at the school (Table 10). Table 10: No. of Institutional Latrines Proposed and Constructed in Batch- V & VI Schemes Reporting Period No. of Schemes Total No. of Schools within community School Demanding latrine Latrines Proposed in Schools With Without Total Urinals Urinals No. of Latrines Constructed Till 2008 668 544 419 271 148 419 262 Out of 315 Batch - V schemes, 275 schemes have schools within the community in which the number of latrines proposed are 233 (including 137 with urinals). Similarly, out of 350 schemes of Batch - VI, 205 schemes have schools within the community in which the number of latrines proposed are 186 (including 134 with urinals). In some schools urinal chambers have also been constructed at the initiation of the schools. During the process of the planning, designing and implementation of institutional latrine special attention is accorded for the promotion of girls’ student friendly latrines. Hand Washing Practices It is observed that significant changes occurred in the behavior of the people like in hand washing practices with soap during four critical junctures: after defecation, before eating, after cleaning buttocks of babies and before serving food. Table 11: Impact on Personal Hygiene Practices Personal Hygiene Batch-IV (2007) Batch-V (2008) Before % After % Before % After % 1. Washing Hand Before Eating 84 97 72 82 2. Washing Hand after Defecation 82 93 87 99 3. Washing Hand after Cleaning Buttocks of Baby 48 91 89 94 4. Washing Hand before Serving Food 42 97 66 78 Source: Health KAP Baseline & Impact Studies (Batch-IV, 2007) and CDA Impact Study (Batch-V, 2008) The result is encouraging since on an average around 90 percent of households said that they washed their hands with soap at these critical junctures (Table 11). As a result of the integration of WSS and HHS activities, the prevalence of diarrheal and other water borne diseases among young children has decreased in 96 percent of the schemes. Much of this improvement was attributable to the practice of hand washing with soap before eating and feeding and after defecation and cleaning children. 17 · RWSSFDB Annual Report 2008
Poverty Reduction Through Women Technical Support Service W omen are the main users and managers of water resources in rural Nepal. They tend to be the principal agents in water supply and sanitation (WSS) through their roles in the household, including food preparation, family hygiene, and child care. Unfortunately, social norms have discouraged and even actively excluded women from openly participating in development planning and implementation in most sectors - including water and sanitation. Programs in Nepal and elsewhere have shown that women’s involvement in initiating and managing water supply systems results in more sustainable systems because they have the most direct interest in keeping WSS systems functioning. scheme. Emphasis is placed on identifying and addressing structural factors that undermine women’s equal participation in community development activities. Rural WSS schemes promote the role of women in key specific areas. At least three women must serve on Water Supply User Committees (WSUC), one of them as treasurer. Women are also required to participate in the formation of tapstand groups that are responsible for collecting operation and maintenance fees and for maintaining the tapstands. Non-formal education and instruction on hygiene and sanitation is focused on women. Women technical support services (WTSS), a major component associated with the RWSS Project encourage the women’s group to utilize time saved from fetching water to raise income through the initiation of the income generation activities. Thus, this component directed towards the women’s economic empowerment supports the theme of the poverty reduction strategy (PRSP) adopted by the government. A strategy and action plan developed by the community during the preparation phase of a WSS scheme needs to involve women directly, and to specify how women will actively participate in the implementation of the There are 1284 WTSS Groups formed with the involvement of 5,13,600 women in groups. The total amount with these groups of Batches V & VI is more than Nrs. 11.17 million including the savings of Nrs. 2.6 million and Nrs. 8.56 million Grant from the Board till 2008 (Table - 12). Table 12: WTSS Groups and Saving Status in Batch-V&VI Batch Targeted WTSS Group Formed Women Involved FB Grant (NRs.) Group’ Saving (NRs.) Major Activities Orientation/ Training Batch-V&VI (2007) 1109 733 43980 21,04,200 23,16,096 GR,PF, S/C,KG,IW 305 Batch-V&VI (2008) Cumulative 1284 1284 513600 85,60,000 26,12,800 GR,PF, S/C,KG,IW 342 Note: GR= Goat raising, PF= Poultry Farm, S/C= saving and credit, KG= Kitchen Garden, IW= Iron work for blacksmith. 18 · RWSSFDB Annual Report 2008
Page 1 and 2: 1 · RWSSFDB Annual Report 2008
Page 3 and 4: Contents Few Words About RWSSFDB 1
Page 5 and 6: Board’s Working Modalities and Gu
Page 7 and 8: Program Coverage The Board projects
Page 9 and 10: Community Organization and Mobiliza
Page 11 and 12: More than 44 thousand community peo
Page 13 and 14: Software Cost vs Hardware Cost Batc
Page 15 and 16: Environment Management Plan and Wat
Page 17 and 18: Micro-Irrigation The Board has ende
Page 19: promotion activities. They do advoc
Page 23 and 24: Human Resource Development T he Boa
Page 25 and 26: A survey of 820 schemes out of the
Page 27 and 28: testing and mitigation, (vi) arseni
Page 29 and 30: Piloting Jagaran Karyakram in the P
Page 31 and 32: The GoN has approved the budget amo
Page 33 and 34: Abbreviations ADDCN Association of

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