ANNUAL REPORT_2008.pdf - Rural Water Supply and Sanitation ...

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About RWSSFDB T he Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Fund Development Board (the Board) was established on March 14, 1996 by the Government of Nepal (GoN) through the Formation Order under the Development Board Act 1956 based on the lessons learnt from piloting a Community-Driven Approach to delivering water supply and sanitation services to rural people of Nepal. The pilot project (1993-1996), known as JAKPAS (Janata ko Khanepani Tatha Sarsafai Karyakram or People’s Drinking Water and Sanitation Program), was funded by a Japanese grant, and was used to field-test a new stratagem for service delivery that was demanddriven, community-designed, community-owned and communitymanaged. This represented a radical departure from the Government’s traditional supply-driven programs, one that was intended to bring resources closer to beneficiaries. Currently, the Board is implementing the Second Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Project (RWSSP-II, 2004- 2009), which is a follow-on to the First Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Project (RWSSP-I, 1996-2003). It has adopted the general principles and approaches of RWSSP-I with some improvements by incorporating lessons learnt and overcoming the shortcomings of RWSSP-I. Considerable emphasis was placed on ensuring participation by women, who are primarily responsible for water supply in households throughout most of rural Nepal, and who became the project’s principal beneficiaries. The RWSSP-I project was funded through an IDA credit approved in 1996. The RWSSP-I financed almost 900 rural water supply and sanitation schemes that reached more than 700,000 people. In 2004 the Bank approved the Second Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Project (RWSSP II) – a follow-on project financed through an IDA credit of US$25.3 million. In May 2008, the Bank approved an IDA grant of US $27.0 million as additional financing. Together, these resources are expected to support close to 1,500 water supply and sanitation schemes that will serve a population of more than one million people by Dec 31, 2010. The Board is governed by seven Board members and the Executive Director acts as Secretary of the Board. The Board Policies are executed by only 48 staff comprising of 30 professionals and 18 support staff. The Board serves as an intermediary and is responsible for facilitating service delivery through support organizations and service agencies, with community participation in all stages of the project cycle including operation and maintenance. Emphasis has also been accorded to social capital formation through mobilizing the communities. In accordance with government’s RWSS sector policy; the project has focused on empowering the rural communities in service delivery by developing a sense of ownership and responsibility among them. Objectives The overall objective is to promote cost-effective and sustainable RWSSPs with full emphasis on community ownership and responsibility. The project aims to reduce poverty and raise the living standard of rural people by: Improving sector institutional performance and mainstreaming “Fund Board” approach in the Government’s system, and Supporting communities to form inclusive local water supply and sanitation user groups that can plan, implement, and operate drinking water and sanitation infrastructure that delivers sustainable health, hygiene and productivity benefits to rural households. Key Strategy To take only facilitating roles and keep the organization small and effective; To establish community institutions and strengthen the capacities of the community and assist it in project identification, planning, implementing and managing the project; and To mobilize support organizations like the NGOs and private sector organizations to support the community in capacity building and implementation of the project. 1 · RWSSFDB Annual Report 2008
Board’s Working Modalities and Guiding Principles Demand Driven and Participatory Approach Resource Allocation through SOs and Communities Local Resource Mobilization with Informed Choice of Technical and Service Level Options Community Procurement and Financial Transparency Equity in Water Supply, Health, Hygiene and Sanitation Social Inclusion (Women, IP, Dalit and Disadvantaged People) Capacity Building of Governmental and Non-governmental Organizations Quality Control through Participatory Monitoring and Evaluation Cost-Effective Service Operation and Management of Schemes by Communities Backing Government’s Goal of Poverty Alleviation Coordination, Linkages and Partnership Building with Local Authorities and Other Programs Programme Components The project takes a holistic approach to delivering inclusive and sustainable rural water supply and sanitation services by: (a) integrating health and hygiene programs with water supply; (b) strengthening governmental and nongovernmental capacities to facilitate the delivery of rural water supply and sanitation services; (c) strengthening community capacity to operate and maintain improved water supply and sanitation facilities; (d) empowering and providing opportunities to women and girls as the primary beneficiaries by involving them in planning, implementing, and managing the schemes; (e) ensuring that Dalits and Janajati (indigenous peoples and nationalities) households in the catchment areas served are also included and that these groups participate fully in the planning, implementation and management of the schemes; (f) assisting women to use the time saved in collecting water to identify opportunities to increase incomes and receive non-formal education. Scheme Cycle The schemes generally take about 36 calendar months with Pre-development, Development and Implementation Phases to complete, and are divided into cycles that are designed to account for seasons, harvests and holidays. These have major significance for the timing of operations, which must take into consideration factors such as the availability of labor, and prevailing weather conditions and their impacts on site accessibility and construction. These factors are also important to consider for measuring the yield of different water sources, which vary widely by season. Post- Implementation Phase consists of 24 calendar months considering the sustainability of the scheme. 2 · RWSSFDB Annual Report 2008
Page 1 and 2: 1 · RWSSFDB Annual Report 2008
Page 3: Contents Few Words About RWSSFDB 1
Page 7 and 8: Program Coverage The Board projects
Page 9 and 10: Community Organization and Mobiliza
Page 11 and 12: More than 44 thousand community peo
Page 13 and 14: Software Cost vs Hardware Cost Batc
Page 15 and 16: Environment Management Plan and Wat
Page 17 and 18: Micro-Irrigation The Board has ende
Page 19 and 20: promotion activities. They do advoc
Page 21 and 22: Poverty Reduction Through Women Tec
Page 23 and 24: Human Resource Development T he Boa
Page 25 and 26: A survey of 820 schemes out of the
Page 27 and 28: testing and mitigation, (vi) arseni
Page 29 and 30: Piloting Jagaran Karyakram in the P
Page 31 and 32: The GoN has approved the budget amo
Page 33 and 34: Abbreviations ADDCN Association of

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