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Chapter 3: Applications of Common Stainless Steel Alloys
EN 1.4512 / AISI 409
Containing only 11 % Cr, the 4512 is the lowest alloyed Ti-Nb-stabilized (and thereby weldable)
ferritic stainless steel. Due to the low Cr, 4512 possesses a comparatively low corrosion resistance;
however, it is weldable and inexpensive and may replace galvanized steel for certain indoor applications.
Due to their excellent resistance against SCC, the ferrites are particularly useful for warm
parts, in particular made of sheets.
EN 1.4521 / AISI 444
Along with the 4509, the “acid resistant ferrite” 4521 is the most interesting and useful ferritic alloy.
Stabilized with Ti and Nb, and apart from a high mechanical strength, 4521 possesses an excellent
corrosion resistance due to 17.0-20.0 % Cr and 1.80-2.50 % Mo. Theory as well as practice have
shown that as regards resistance towards pitting corrosion, 4521 is at least equal to that of ”acid
resistant” 4404 (AISI 316L) and superior to 4301 in chloride containing environments. Like all the
other ferrites, 4521 is superior to its austenitic counterparts with regard to SCC resistance (Chapter
4 + 5) and therefore very useful at higher temperatures (60+ ºC). In short, 4521 is useful for applications
where 4401, 4404 or 4571 are normally used. The main drawbacks are potential difficulties in
welding and the reduced availability; mostly thin sheets and pipes.
EN 1.4526 / (AISI 436)
Nb stabilized steel containing around 17 % Cr and 1.25 % Mo, performing somewhere in between
4301 and 4404 with regard to pitting corrosion. Excellent corrosion resistance against chloride
containing environments and industrial atmosphere and, along with the other ferrites, not prone
to SCC. This makes 4526 ideal for warm or hot parts where the conventional austenites (4301 and
4404 classes) will fail. Can be forged and shaped and, using the right parameters, be assembled
using resistance welding.
Martensitic Stainless Steel:
EN 1.4057 / AISI 431
Hardenable 15-17 % Cr steel, possessing,
relative to the other martensitic steel types,
a fairly good corrosion resistance. Widely
used for making knives and, due to its high
strength, axels. Most easily available as
rods.
EN 1.4104 / (AISI 430F)
Martensitic fine machining steel type containing
up to 0.35 % S and even a small
amount of Mo. Due to its high content of S,
this steel type is very useful for machining.
Sometimes used if one wants a magnetic
fine machine steel grade.
The ideal combination in between hardness and formability.
The blade of this Gense knife has been manufactured from the
martensitic 4057, while the handle has been made of the softer,
but more corrosion resistant 4301.
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