Section 1.1 Section 1.2 Section 1.3 - The Student Room

SECTION 13
6 a
H
H
H
H
H
C
C
I
+ OH – H C C
OH
+ I –
H
H
H
H
b
H
H
H
H
H
C
C
Br
+ CN – H C C
CN
+ Br –
H
H
H
H
c
Cl + OH – OH + Cl –
d
H
H
H C H H C
H H
H
H
H
H
C
C
C
H
+ H 2 O H C C C H + HCl
H
Cl
H
H
OH
H
e
H
H
H
H
Br
C
C
Br
+ 2OH – HO C C
OH
+ 2Br –
H
H
H
H
f
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
C
Br
+ H C C O –
H C O C C H + Br –
g
H
H
H
H
H
H
CH 3
H
C
O
H
Cl
H
O
H
O
H
H
C
C
C
H
+ H C O –
H C C C H + Cl –
3 C
H
H
H
H
H
H
7 a CH 3
CH 2
Br + NH 3
Æ CH 3
CH 2
NH 2
+ H + +Br –
b H H
H
H
H
H C C Br
H C C
N +
H +
Br
–
H
H
H
H
H
H N H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H C C
N +
H H C C
N
H + H +
196
H
H
H
c d Explanation along similar lines to that on pages 302–303 in Chemical Ideas.
Ammonia is the nucleophile because of its lone pair.
8 a 1-iodopentane (or bromo or chloro); aqueous NaOH; reflux.
b 2-iodopropane (or bromo or chloro): concentrated aqueous solution of NH 3
(heat under pressure in a sealed tube).
c 1-iodopropane (or bromo or chloro); alcoholic solution of KCN (or NaCN); reflux.
hv
9 a CH 3
I æÆ CH 3 + I .
hv
CH 3
Cl æÆ CH 3
. + Cl .
b Bond enthalpy of C–I bond is less than that of C–Cl bond. C–I bond can be broken
by ultraviolet radiation in the troposphere although this has relatively less energy
than the ultraviolet radiation in the stratosphere.
H
H