The thickness of the marble is poorly constrained. On the basis of steep dips in the overlying,tightly folded Mai Po Member on The Brothers islands, it could be more than 1000 m thick. Ahigh gravity anomaly centred on the marble (Figure 6; Busby & Langford, 1994) also indicatesthat it is very thick. Frost (1992) estimated the marble as more than 500 m thick in the westernNew Territories, while regionally, across Guangdong Province, it is c.300 m thick..In the Yuen Long area, Frost (1992) divided the formation into two members. The lower LongPing Member is a dark grey marble, commonly with complex internal structure. The upper MaTin Member is a massively bedded, white marble, and probably forms most of the subcrop northof Lantau Island.No fossils have been found in the marble, either north of Lantau Island or in the northwest NewTerritories. Comparison with strata exposed in Shenzhen (Lai & Mui, 1985) suggests an earlyCarboniferous age, and the formation may be the equivalent of the Shidengzi Formation inGuangdong.Bouguer anomalycontour, mgal•Gravity stationYUE SHAN(LANTAU ISLAND)Figure 6 - Bouguer Gravity Anomaly Contour Map of the DistrictDetailsEast Brother island (prior to development). Between 1 and 2 km east of East Brother island, three boreholesintersected marble below thick superficial deposits. Borehole NS3/14460 (17050 22530) encountered white andg^y marble at -53.5 mPD. The top 1.5 m of the core contained small-scale solution features, but it was mainlywhite, with some hght grey streaks and areas of brown oxide staining or discolouration. As granite and28
Carboniferous metasedimentaiy rocks have been proved in boreholes less than 500 m from this borehole, it must lieclose to the northern edge of the marble subcrop.To the south, in Borehole NS1/14460 (17111 21750), a predominantly white marble, with some light grey silicapatches, was intersected at -49 mPD. A solution cavity, 0.17m across, and infilled with brown soil, wasencountered at -54 mPD . To the east, marble also occurred in Borehole T8/3/13951 (17842 22332) at -45 mPD,which must have been located close to the eastern limit of the marble subcrop, as undifferentiated volcanic rocksoccur less than 1 km away.Tung Chung. Marble has been encountered in a few boreholes sunk on the reclamation east of Tung Chung Wan,near Lau Fau Sha, and locally abundant skarn mineralization has been observed. In Boreholes TC65 (12196 16639)and H12/17357 (12112 16599) for example, white marble with no cavities, passes downhole into greenish greyskarn comprising epidote, chlorite and magnetite. The skarn occurs where the marbles are intruded byfeldsparphyric dykes and granites. Cavities, brecciation and veining also occur in the marble and may reflectintense faulting. Accordingly, the marble is interpreted as an isolated fault slice ernplaced within aneastnortheasterly-trending thrust which separates Carboniferous strata to the north, from structurally-underlyingJurassic volcanic rocks to the south. Later faulting and intrusion of granites and dykes further split the marble intodiscontinuous, partially digested slices.PetrographyThe white marble from Borehole NS3/14460 (HK8516, 17050 22530) is formed of interlockingequigranular calcite crystals ranging in size from 0.2-0.4 mm. The rock is composed of purecarbonate, and accessory minerals are not visible.Skarn mineralization in marble in Borehole NSI/14460 (17111 21750), east of East Brotherisland, is similar to that near Tung Chung. In thin section (HK8515) it comprises equigranular,pleochroic, pale brownish-white augite, and interstitial granular calcite. Most crystals are0.2 - 0.3 mm across, although there are scarce larger crystals of plagioclase, with markedreaction rims. In hand specimen, this marble varies from pure white, near the top of the borehole,to impure marble near the base. The skarn mineralization suggests the proximity of igneous rocksat depth.Sedimentary EnvironmentThe Yuen Long Formation was originally a pure to slightly impure limestone, but it has beenstrongly metamorphosed. Hence, original sedimentary structures are no longer recognizable in therelatively few drillcores available. Therefore, it is difficult to determine the original sedimentaryenvironment, but the limestone may have been deposited in a marginal basin or shallow sea,subject to minor influxes of sediment from its hinterland.Lok Ma Chau Formation (Mai Po Member)The Lok Ma Chau Formation has a large area of outcrop in the northwest New Territories, whereit has been divided into the upper Tai Shek Mo Member and lower Mai Po Member (Langford et#/., 1989). Within the district, rocks of the Lok Ma Chau Formation lack the coarser-grainedfacies typical of the Tai Shek Mo Member, but closely resemble the lithology of the Mai PoMember, to which they are assigned. Widespread graphitic siltstones are characteristic of themember in its type area in the northwest New Territories (Langford et al. 9 1989).The Mai Po Member is present in a narrow outcrop between Tai 0 and San Shek Wan, in thewest of the district. The outcrop is faulted against younger volcanic rocks of the LantauFormation which are downthrown to its southeast. The member is also found on Mo To Chau,north of Lantau Island, where the contact with the adjacent granite and volcanic rocks is- obscured by superficial deposits. The strata are well bedded, and often display reliable 'way-up 1structures. The rocks are probably folded into close to isoclinal structures, as seen on a smallscale at Sham Wat Wan. The dominant lithology is dark to light grey and red, laminated,'29
- Page 2 and 3: UNIVERSITY OF HONG KONGLIBRARIES
- Page 4 and 5: © Government of Hong KongPublished
- Page 7 and 8: CONTENTSTitle pagePage1ForewordCont
- Page 9 and 10: Distribution and Lithology 73Detail
- Page 11 and 12: Chapter 10 Economic Geology 149Intr
- Page 13 and 14: (Plates)Plate 22 - Porphyritic Medi
- Page 15: Table 1 — Grain Size Description
- Page 18 and 19: 0 1 2 3 4 5 k mCONTOURS AT 100m INT
- Page 20 and 21: properties of the marine deposits b
- Page 22 and 23: Archival DataAll records from the s
- Page 24 and 25: Chapter 2Outline of GeologyThe soli
- Page 26 and 27: The Mesozoic volcanic rocks are div
- Page 29: Chapter 3Palaeozoic Sedimentary Roc
- Page 33 and 34: Plate 1 - Fining-Upward Sequence of
- Page 35 and 36: Plate 3 - Well-bedded Sandstones an
- Page 37 and 38: Reef Island. The northern end of th
- Page 39 and 40: Table 3. Evolution of Nomenclature
- Page 41 and 42: are crudely stratified and welded i
- Page 43 and 44: Shing Mun FormationThe type localit
- Page 45 and 46: Tai Che Tung. Crystal tuff, interpr
- Page 47 and 48: Plate 7 • Lapilli-Ash Crystal Tuf
- Page 49 and 50: Plate 11 - Pyroclastic Breccia (086
- Page 51 and 52: appears fragmental, and contains mu
- Page 53 and 54: exposures in the stream bed consist
- Page 55 and 56: Lin Fa Shan. The steep eastern flan
- Page 57 and 58: dipping northwest at 46°, is prese
- Page 59 and 60: Sunset Peak MemberThe Sunset Peak M
- Page 61 and 62: Plate 16- Block and Lapilli-bearing
- Page 63 and 64: Chapter 5Major IntrusionsClassifica
- Page 65 and 66: in grain size from 0.4 to 1.5 mm, a
- Page 67 and 68: 20 - Megacrystic Medium-grained Gra
- Page 69 and 70: Pui O Wan. Porphyritic medium-grain
- Page 71 and 72: minimum age of c. 145 Ma (see earli
- Page 73 and 74: The granite on Chek Lap Kok is most
- Page 75 and 76: Southeast of Tin Sam, on the wester
- Page 77 and 78: About 1 km east of Nam Shan, exposu
- Page 79 and 80: Plate 25 - Thin Section of Porphyri
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Chapter 6Minor IntrusionsIntroducti
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The microgranite grades southwards
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the Lantau Formation, however, and
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Plate 29 - Flow-banded Quartzphyric
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also cut volcanic rocks of the Tsue
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Silver Mine Bay. On the headland so
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Plate 33 - Core stone Development i
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Plate 37 - Thin Section ofLamprophy
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Pre-Yensfaanlan StructureWithin the
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separates areas of different lithol
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NeotectonicsFault activity in the r
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Chapter 8Metamorphism and Alteratio
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the majority of rocks in the distri
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Chapter 9Superficial GeologyIntrodu
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Detailstal O. Alluvial deposits for
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trains. The regolith on most steep
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Plate 44 - Boulder Debris on the So
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gazetted for recreational purposes.
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DetailsTai O. Extensive intertidal
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Plate 48 - Sandy Beach at Fan Lau S
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Pre-Chek Lap Kok Formation Deposits
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formation. The sequence is usually
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BOREHOLE NO: ESC 17GRID REFERENCE:
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BOREHOLE NO: A5/1GRID REFERENCE: 80
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formation, thinly laminated clays o
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Quinqueloculina seminulum, which is
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Channel and Transgressive Deposits.
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Figure 20 - Areas of Acoustic Turbi
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West Lamma Channel These may be att
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Figure 23 - Depth-Averaged, Maximum
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The formation is Holocene in age. T
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Boreholes (A5/1, A5/2, B2/1, ESC17
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Plate 51 - Deep Weathering Profile
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Chapter 10Economic GeologyIntroduct
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Non-metalliferous MineralsFissure v
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REFERENCESAddison, R. (1986). Geolo
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James, J.W.C. (1993). The offshore
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Sewell, R.J., Strange, PJ., Langfor
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Appendix 1Microfossils identified f
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Appendix 2 (continued)Sample HK9913
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Appendix 2 (continued)Sample HK1054
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Appendix 4aSelective normalized pal
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,Appendix 5 -Radiocarbon and Other
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construction materials 151contact m
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molybdenite 149Mong Tung Hang 151Mo
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talus 107,115Tarn Tsui Wan 71,87Tan
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LB 555.125 G34 LGeology of Lantaii