old master drawings - Museum of Fine Arts - Florida State University

GlossaryFebruary/March2009~ Academy- a group of authorities and leaders in a field of scholarship,art, etc. who are often permitted to dictate standards, prescribe methods,and criticize new ideas.~ Art Deco- a decorative and architectural style of the period 1925-1940,characterized by geometric designs, bold colors, and the use of plasticand glass.~ Baroque- a style of architecture and art originating in Italy in the early17th century, characterized by classical orders and ornament, by formsin elevation and plan suggesting movement, and by dramatic effect inwhich architecture, painting, sculpture, and the decorative arts oftenworked to combined effect.~ Chiaroscuro- light-dark contrasts, pictorial representation in terms oflight and shade without regard to color.~ Constructivism- a movement in modern art originating in Moscow,Russia in 1920 and characterized by the use of industrial materials suchas glass, sheet metal, and plastic to create nonrepresentational, oftengeometric objects.~ Cubo-Futurist- works that combine the Cubist usage of forms with theFuturist interest in dynamism.~ Cubism- a style of painting and sculpture developed in the early 20thcentury, characterized chiefly by an emphasis on formal structure, thereduction of natural forms to their geometrical equivalents, and theorganization of the planes of a represented object arranged independentlyof representational requirements.~ Ethnographers- a branch of anthropology dealing with the scientificdescription of individual cultures.~ Expressionism- a style of art developed in the 20th century,characterized chiefly by heavy, often black lines that define forms,sharply contrasting, often vivid colors, and subjective or symbolictreatment of thematic material.~ Fauvism- any of a group of French artists of the early 20th centurywhose works are characterized chiefly by the use of vivid colors inimmediate juxtaposition and contours usually in marked contrast to thecolor of the area defined.~ Gouache- a technique of painting with opaque watercolors prepared withgum.~ Humanism- a cultural and intellectual movement of the Renaissancethat emphasized secular concerns as a result of the rediscovery andstudy of the literature, art, and civilization of ancient Greece and Rome.~ Impressionism- a style of painting that seeks to re-create the artist's orviewer's general impression of a scene and is characterized by indistinctoutlines and by small brushstrokes of different colors.~ Mezzotint- a method of engraving a copper or steel plate by scrapingand burnishing areas to produce effects of light and shadow.~ Neoclassicism- the European movement which began after ca. 1765, asa reaction against both the surviving Baroque and Rococo styles, and asGlossary Page 34-35