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Agricultural BiodiversityConservation and sustainable use ofagrobiodiversity are strategic objectivesthat ensure the food and nutritionalsafety of urban populations, promotefamily agriculture, protect traditionalpeoples and communities and areessential components of the sustainabledevelopment and maintenance of thegenetic diversity of species that are ofcurrent or potential social-economicimportance to the country.Over the last four years, many activitieshave been carried out including, forexample, the creation of OutreachCentres for Agrobiodiversity Management(Centros Irradiadores do Manejo daAgrobiodiversidade – CIMAS), whoseobjective is the recovery, conservationand sustainable use of components ofagrobiodiversity using agro-ecologicalprocesses and principles. Organizationof seed exchange fairs, congresses andworkshops have also been supported bythe MMA. Another activity related to thematter was the effective participationof the MMA in the development ofthe National Policy on Medicinal andPhytotherapeutic Plants (PolíticaNacional de Plantas Medicinais eFitoterápicos).In conjunction with other governmentalbodies that also work withagrobiodiversity, the MMA led thecreation of a more ample governmentprogram that was started in 2008.This program involves MMA activities,as well as those of the Ministry forAgrarian Development (Ministério doDesenvolvimento Agrário – MDA), SocialDevelopment (Desenvolvimento Social– MDS), and the Ministry of Agriculture,Livestock and Supply (Ministério daAgricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento- MAPA). Other government bodies suchas the Brazilian Agricultural ResearchCorporation and the National SupplyCompany (Companhia Nacional deAbastecimento – CONAB) are also part ofthe new program.The Programme for the Conservation,Management and Sustainable Useof Agrobiodiversity strives to ensureconservation and sustainable use ofagrobiodiversity components so as ensurefood safety, employment and income11
generation, retribution for environmentalservices. Activities foreseen include:a) identification of and research onfauna and flora species of economicimportance; b) support to demonstrativeprojects aimed at establishing sustainableproduction systems; c) support to themanagement of natural resources ingrasslands of the Amazon region; d)stimulate the establishment of communitysystems for the conservation andsustainable use of agrobiodiversity; e)establishment of territorial units of ruralenvironmental management; f) supportto technological innovation, conservationpractices, use and management ofagrobiodiversity developed by familyproducers, traditional peoples andcommunities; g) development of organicagriculture; h) strengthening andvaluing of territorial initiatives for themanagement and sustainable use ofagrobiodiversity; j) research, promoteaccess and appropriation of technologiesaimed at the sustainable managementof agrobiodiversity with an agroecologicalfocus; k) implementation ofplans for expanding the pro-environmentdevelopment sites at national scale and;l) monitoring the participation of foodproducts from agrobiodiversity in the foodacquisition program.PollinatorsPollination is one of the most relevantenvironmental services for thesustainability of agriculture. Recentstudies show not only its economicvalue, estimated to be of several billiondollars at the global value, but alsothe existence of a global process ofdecreased pollinators resulting especiallyfrom deforestation, the excessive use ofpesticides, and the predatory destructionof nests. A deficit of pollination in severalagro-ecosystems is observed, and thisleads to losses in the productivity andquality of agricultural products.Due to the importance of the matter,the Conference of the Parties of theConvention on Biological Diversityapproved the creation of an InternationalPollinators Initiative (IPI) (Decision V/5) inthe scope of the Thematic Work Programon Agricultural Biological Diversity(instituted by Decision III/11), as well asa Plan of Action for its implementation(Decision VI/5).Several countries have establishedmeasures to promote implementationof the IPI, and the initiatives of NorthAmerica, Europe and Africa arehighlighted. Brazil has been participatingin these international discussions onIPI in the scope of the CBD, and hasorganized three international meetings onIPI.With the objective of promoting theimplementation of IPI in developingcountries, the Food and AgricultureOrganization (FAO) invited Brazil totake part in an international projectentitled Conservation and Managementof Pollinators for Sustainable Agriculturethrough an Ecosystem Approach, withSouth Africa, Kenya, Ghana, India,Pakistan and Nepal. This project includesfour components: a) development ofbasic knowledge; b) extension andpromotion of good practices in benefitof pollinators; c) capacity buildingand promotion of volunteer actions; d)sharing of experiences, disseminationof results and elaboration of publicpolicies. This project counted on apreparatory assistance (PDF-B, whichwas approved in the end of 2003 bythe Global Environment Facility (GEF).The project was approved by the GEF inMay of 2007 to become part of the workprogram. Endorsement by the council andthe signing of the donation agreementare expected to take place in the firstsemester of 2008.12
Page 3 and 4: Federative Republic of BrazilPresid
Page 6 and 7: ForewordThe Brazilian Ministry of t
Page 16 and 17: Forest Biodiversity(including Mount
Page 18 and 19: protection, management and recovery
Page 20 and 21: thus increases employment and incom
Page 22 and 23: Biodiversity RecordsThe Atlantic Fo
Page 24: or threatened of extinction and acc
Page 27 and 28: governmental shperes. The Caatinga
Page 29 and 30: iver-side populations, babaçueiros
Page 31 and 32: iological diversity which has still
Page 34 and 35: Inland Waters BiodiversityThe Panta
Page 36: (43,866 km2), extremely high biolog
Page 39 and 40: shall be created and managed with t
Page 41: Island BiodiversityA workshop entit
Page 47 and 48: vegetation maps made up between1970
Page 49: When results of the two processes a
Page 55: with botanic gardens in Brazil, and
Page 59 and 60:
58authority; issue authorizations t
Page 61 and 62:
C) Capacity Buinding and Sharing of
Page 64 and 65:
Protected AreasThe recent growth of
Page 66 and 67:
The Environmental Compensation isma
Page 68 and 69:
information about the protected are
Page 70 and 71:
pressures that lead to the loss of
Page 73 and 74:
Sources: Ecological Corridors Proje
Page 76 and 77:
Incentive Measures andEcosystem App
Page 80 and 81:
Invasive Alien Species andBiosafety
Page 82 and 83:
dissemination of exotic organisms.T
Page 86 and 87:
Global Taxonomy Initiativeand Scien
Page 89:
CollaboratorsAdriana Panhol Bayma,
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