4VariacionEvolucion2b copy.pdf - Instituto de Ecología

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SNPs <strong>de</strong> muchos genes!(single nucleoti<strong>de</strong>polymorphisms), a nivelADN:!!next-generation!nex-gen!454, Solexa/ Illumina Solid!diferentes chips yplataformas!
Allendorf!et al. 2010!NATURE REVIEWS!GENETICS 11:!697- 709!
Page 1 and 2:
Variación Genética!EVOLUCION!!Dr.
Page 3 and 4:
POPULATION GENETICS (= MICROEVOLUTI
Page 5 and 6:
Gen: unidad de herencia que setrasm
Page 8 and 9:
Genes en autosomas y en cromosomass
Page 11:
Genetic material at the molecular l
Page 14 and 15:
17% of Arabidopsis genome is in “
Page 16 and 17:
Average length of each gene: 1.9 kb
Page 18 and 19:
Genomes and genetics are morecompli
Page 20 and 21:
VARIACIÓN GENÉTICA:1) EL PRIMER P
Page 22 and 23:
POBLACION IDEAL!!modelo, poblacione
Page 24 and 25:
N individuals!Frequencies de A= p 0
Page 26 and 27:
!Números Frecuencias F. alélicasg
Page 28 and 29:
Equilibrio de Hardy-Weinberg!1 = p
Page 30 and 31:
A 1 A 1 =p 2 !A 1 A 2 =2pq!A 2 A 2
Page 32 and 33:
Th. Dobzhansky de sus!experimentos
Page 34 and 35:
Lo contrasta con el !“modelo clá
Page 36 and 37:
Los resultados del programa de inve
Page 38 and 39:
Datos antes de Lewontin!Variación
Page 40 and 41:
Evidencia etnobotánicay botánica
Page 42 and 43:
Bases genética sencilla, !variaci
Page 44 and 45:
Análisis genéticos: !Variación C
Page 46 and 47:
Volume10 × 10 8d40Citogenéticos:
Page 48 and 49:
El genoma en la familia Cucurbitace
Page 50 and 51:
Gong y Lelley (2008) reportan el ma
Page 52 and 53:
Así podemos ver los genes recesivo
Page 54 and 55:
Si el 2o. cromosoma es el 40% del g
Page 56 and 57:
letales, 37%!letales, 55%!Variació
Page 58 and 59:
h 2 heredabilidad sentido restringi
Page 60 and 61:
Ajolote vs salamandra (A. mexicanum
Page 63:
H esperada en !HW!0 a 1...!
Page 68 and 69:
La variación en poblaciones!natura
Page 70:
Medidas de variación genética.!Da
Page 73 and 74:
UPGMAD= -ln(I)!I= Jxy/ (JxJy) 1/2!!
Page 75:
More than 2,200 studies have report
Page 79 and 80:
Marcadoresderivados del PCR:!!AFLPs
Page 81 and 82:
Agave striata ssp. striata!6 popula
Page 83 and 84:
Genetic variation (47 loci, 12 popu
Page 85 and 86:
More geneticvariation in theNorth!m
Page 87 and 88:
Dos especies mezcaleras muycercanas
Page 89 and 90:
Mapa
Page 91 and 92:
Variación Genética en Agave, espe
Page 93 and 94:
Structure: Análsis Bayesiano para
Page 95 and 96:
Dendograma UPGMA basando en las dis
Page 97 and 98: VARIACIÓN GENÉTICA EN AGAVE"He, h
Page 99 and 100: HILDE NYBOM!Comparison of different
Page 101 and 102: Ferriol et al. ( 2004) C.moschata,
Page 103 and 104: polymorphic loci and number of poly
Page 106 and 107: 237 plants, 172 accession, 93 micro
Page 108 and 109: each subspecies seems to be!well di
Page 111 and 112: Balsas=*!
Page 113 and 114: Domesticated from parviglumis!More
Page 115 and 116: Proportion of Polymorphic Loci P!1!
Page 117 and 118: Agaves!Expected Heterozygosity H s!
Page 119 and 120: Variación Genética a NivelMolecul
Page 121 and 122: Cloroplasto rbcL,matK, trnL, y dose
Page 123 and 124: Cloroplasto, 3 genes!2128 pb!Natali
Page 125 and 126: Variación !Genética a !Nivel Mole
Page 128: Two basic measure of genetic variat
Page 132 and 133: Another measure is Watterson (1975)
Page 134 and 135: Indirect estimates of Natural!Selec
Page 136 and 137: E. coli...gene sec size(pb) π θ T
Page 138 and 139: Tajima´s D (1983) has some problem
Page 140 and 141: Alcohol dehydrogenase, Adh!Cummings
Page 142: pi en !diferentes!organismos!
Page 145 and 146: pi highest values in red!pi lower v
Page 150: SNP!20cromosomas!!cromo. 21!!
Page 153 and 154: Molecular Ecology (2010) 19, 1162-1
Page 155 and 156: Genetic signals of origin, spread,
Page 157 and 158: ly separated clusters, but evidence
Page 159 and 160: esults strongly suggest that maize
Page 161: 21 millones !de snps!
Page 167 and 168: DNA!fósil: Moas, !Dinornis!machos!
Page 169 and 170: Helix aspersa introducida en 1930!E
Page 171 and 172: Loshumanostenemosbaja!variacióngen
Page 174 and 175: Lasespecies!con pocao nula!variaci
Page 176: Hobs.!Sitios con mucha variación:
Page 179 and 180: Secuencias ADN: mismatches, compara
Page 181 and 182: Deriva Génica (Foose 1986).!!La va
Page 183 and 184: A mayor N e se mantiene más var. g
Page 185 and 186: A mayor N se mantiene más var. gen
Page 187 and 188: !El material genético constituye u
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4VariacionEvolucion2b copy.pdf - Instituto de Ecología

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