DefinitionDefinition of two keybusiness enablers:Sufficient access totechnology-focusedtalent <strong>and</strong> managementfocusedtalentResearch shows that effective organizationsemploy leaders <strong>with</strong> T-shaped portfoliosof skills. In such leadership roles are CIOs<strong>and</strong> chief enterprise architects along <strong>with</strong>managers responsible for either buildinginternal relationships between IT departments<strong>and</strong> business units or building externalrelationships <strong>with</strong> service providers. Verysimply, leaders having a T-shaped portfolio ofskills are both business-savvy <strong>and</strong> technologysavvy.More precisely, leaders <strong>with</strong> a T-shapedportfolio of skills demonstrate either a verticalset of skills or a horizontal set of skills or both:• Vertical set of skills: Represents expertiseor “deep knowledge” in specific areassuch as science; engineering; technology,or social sciences;• Horizontal set of skills: Represents“transversal skills” related to negotiation,critical thinking, design <strong>and</strong> systemsthinking, business <strong>and</strong> entrepreneurship,all of which enable collaboration across avariety of boundaries.In the survey, firms were asked to what extentthey had access to sufficient people to meettheir dem<strong>and</strong> to perform eight general sets ofactivities. Depending on which sets of activitiesthey are responsible for, managers will need tohave a strategic underst<strong>and</strong>ing of some areasof expertise <strong>and</strong> a practical underst<strong>and</strong>ing ofother areas of expertise. In particular, firmsneed to have sufficient access to two broadpools of talent: technology-focused talent<strong>and</strong> management-focused talent. Both areimportant types of business enablers.Below are definitions of each of the eightactivities, divided according to which pool oftalent they fall under:Technology-focused talent consists of peoplewho can perform well predominantly technicalactivities such as:• Solutions architecture: Services relatedto ensuring data, applications <strong>and</strong>systems are sufficiently integrated<strong>and</strong> st<strong>and</strong>ardized to support businessoperations. These include: SystemsArchitecture; Data Analysis; HumanNeeds Analysis; Systems Analysis; DataDesign; Human Computer Interaction/Interface (HCI) Design; Systems Design;IT/Technology Infrastructure Design <strong>and</strong>Planning.• Solution development <strong>and</strong>implementation: Services relatedto creating, testing, integrating <strong>and</strong>implementing software solutions.These include: Systems Development;Software Development; IT/TechnologySolution Testing; Systems Integration;IT/technology systems installation,implementation <strong>and</strong> h<strong>and</strong>over.• Information management <strong>and</strong> security:Services related to informationmanagement <strong>and</strong> security activities<strong>with</strong>in an organization. These include:information management; IT securitymanagement; IT disaster recovery.• IT services management <strong>and</strong> delivery:Services related to management ofservice delivery <strong>and</strong> the delivery itselfof IT services, systems <strong>and</strong> assets toan organization to support businessfunctions. These include: IT serviceoperations <strong>and</strong> event management;Service Help Desk <strong>and</strong> IncidentManagement; Problem Management;Application Management/Support; ITManagement And Support; AvailabilityManagement; Capacity Management;Service Level Management; Measuring<strong>and</strong> reporting.Management-focused talent consists ofpeople who can perform well predominantlymanagerial activities such as:• <strong>Business</strong> development, sales <strong>and</strong>marketing: Services related to consultingbusiness managers on developingbusiness markets, br<strong>and</strong>s <strong>and</strong> values, <strong>and</strong>communicating these to the marketplace.These include: consultancy provision;strategic business development; br<strong>and</strong><strong>and</strong> value proposition development;sector marketing <strong>and</strong> lead generation;market intelligence <strong>and</strong> research; marketcommunications; sales management <strong>and</strong>operations; etc.• <strong>Business</strong> process management: Servicesrelated to conducting business processanalysis. These include: designing/redesigning business processes;managing the implementation ofbusiness change; designing/redesigningorganizations; <strong>and</strong> ensuring benefitsrealization.• Program <strong>and</strong> project management:Services related to ensuring projects <strong>and</strong>programs are completed successfully.These include: project inception <strong>and</strong>scope management; project planning <strong>and</strong>scheduling; project execution, monitoring<strong>and</strong> control; <strong>and</strong> project completion,acceptance <strong>and</strong> review.• Global sourcing management: Servicesrelated to defining <strong>and</strong> operating asourcing strategy. These include:Management of suppliers <strong>and</strong> supplierperformance; Procurement of externalIT resources, such as people, software,hardware, <strong>and</strong> licenses.12 INSEAD eLab <strong>ICT</strong> Report
FindingHigh performersmatch investmentsin technology <strong>with</strong>strong managerial <strong>and</strong>technical skillsResearch results show that on average, firmsthat have strong business enablers <strong>and</strong> are highinvestors in technology have a significantlygreater chance of being high performers thanfirms that are either low investors or, moreimportantly, have weak business enablers <strong>and</strong>are high investors.These findings are of particular relevancebecause all of the firms that were surveyed saidthey expect to invest more in all three types oftechnology over the next three years. Hence,the critical role played by key business enablerscould help firms increase their chances ofenhancing performance from their futureinvestments in technology <strong>and</strong> likewise reducetheir risks of wasting those investments.In Figure 4 below, “Increasing the valueof investments in technology <strong>with</strong> strongtechnology-focused talent,” research resultsfound ample evidence to show that firmswhich matched their investments in cloudbasedservices <strong>with</strong> sufficient technologyfocusedtalent almost doubled the probabilityof being competitively agile. In contrast, thosefirms which did not match their investments incloud-based services <strong>with</strong> technology-focusedtalent were statistically no better off than thosefirms that made little or no investments intechnology.The different groups consist of low investorsin cloud <strong>and</strong> high investors in cloud. Notshown were 24% of non-investors in cloudbasedservices. Within the high investor group,there are two important sub-groups: the highinvestors <strong>with</strong> sufficient technology-focusedtalent <strong>and</strong> high investors <strong>with</strong> insufficienttechnology-focused talent. The height of eachbar corresponds to the percentage of firms<strong>with</strong>in a group that were high performers.The benefits of having sufficient technologyfocusedtalent: 17% of the total survey sampleconsisted of high investors in cloud-basedservices that also had high technical skills. Ofthe firms in this group, 72% were highly agile. Inother words, firms in this group were 70% morelikely to be competitively agile than those highinvestors in cloud-based services that struggledto access technology-focused talent.The risks of having insufficient technologyfocusedtalent: High investors in cloud-basedservices <strong>with</strong> insufficient technology-focusedtalent represent 13% of the total survey sample<strong>and</strong> 44% of high investors in cloud-basedservices. Survey findings reveal that these highinvestors were statistically no more likely to behighly agile than low investors in cloud-basedservices. In essence, firms that were investingmore in cloud-based services to enhanceagility yet had insufficient access to technologyskills were at risk of wasting their investmentson cloud-based services.Figure 4: Increasing the value of investments in technology <strong>with</strong> sufficient technology-focused talent.Key: 46% of those surveyed were low investorsin cloud-based services, while 30% were highinvestors in cloud-based services <strong>and</strong> theremaining 24%, not shown, did not invest incloud-based services. 36% of the low investorsin cloud-based services were highly agile,regardless of whether they had weak or strongtechnical talent. However, 13% <strong>and</strong> 17% makingup the 30% that were high investors in cloudbasedservices had weak technical talent <strong>and</strong>strong technical talent, respectively. Of the 13%<strong>with</strong> weak technical talent, 42% were highlyagile whereas of the 17% <strong>with</strong> strong technicaltalent 72% were highly agile. Hence, it reallypays for high investors in cloud to employstrong technical talent.72%Within investorgroup, % of firmsthat werehighly agile36%42%weaktechnicaltalentstrongtechnicaltalent13%17%46% of the sample wereLow Investors in Cloud30% of the sample wereHigh Investors in CloudSize of each investor group (% of total sample);Non Investors in Cloud (24%) are not shown<strong>Building</strong> <strong>Business</strong> <strong>Performance</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Competitiveness</strong> <strong>with</strong> <strong>ICT</strong> 13