UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MALAYSIA - FKE - UTM

1CHAPTER 1INTRODUCTION1.1 Project BackgroundAs technology is getting advance each and every day, so as theimprovement in monitoring agriculture worldwide. Farmers nowadays areconstantly searching on ways to maximize their returns. So, plants are needed to bemonitor in order to let it grow healthily and can produce maximum profit. Besides,the information provided can be used for better farm management and to improvecrop yield. However, most of the farmers nowadays still are facing a lot ofproblems in monitoring their plants. Temperature, water level, humidity, pH level,sunlight level are some of the categories farmers need to monitor daily. Since GPSand GSM system is very common to people nowadays, therefore, we can actuallyuse these systems in agriculture monitoring.GPS is the Global Positioning System. It utilized a constellation of at least24 medium Earth satellites that transmit precise microwave signals. These enable aterrestrial terminal to determine its position in latitude and longitude. Besides that,speed and direction can also be determined. GPS was originally designed to assistsoldiers and military vehicles, planes and ships in accurately determining theirlocation world-wide. Today, the uses of GPS systems have extended to bothcommercial and scientific world. Commercially, GPS is used as navigation andpositioning tools in airplanes, boats and cars. It is also used in most of therecreational activities like hiking, fishing and kayaking. In scientific community,GPS play an important role in earth sciences. Meteorologists use it for weatherforecasting and climate studies while geologists use it for land surveying and