UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MALAYSIA - FKE - UTM

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21instructions, and require minimal run-time support. A standards-compliant andportably written C program can be compiled for a very wide variety of computerplatforms and operating systems with minimal change to its source code. Thelanguage has become available on a very wide range of platforms, from embeddedmicrocontrollers to supercomputers.This project will mostly focus on the pointer in creating the firmwaresource code. A pointer is a special type of variable which holds the address orlocation of another variable. Pointers point to these locations by keeping a recordof the spot at which they were stored. Pointers to variables are found by recordingthe address at which a variable is stored. It is always possible to find the address ofa piece of storage in C using the special & operator. For instance: if locationwere a float type variable, it would be easy to find a pointer to it calledlocation_ptr.float location;float *location_ptr,*address;location_ptr = &(location);oraddress = &(location);A pointer is a bundle of information that has two parts. One part is theaddress of the beginning of the segment of memory that holds whatever is pointedto. The other part is the type of value that the pointer points to the beginning of.This tells the computer how much of the memory after the beginning to read andhow to interpret it. Thus, if the pointer is of a type int, the segment of memoryreturned will be four bytes long (32 bits) and be interpreted as an integer. In thecase of a function, the type is the type of value that the function will return,although the address is the address of the beginning of the function executable.
223.3 AT commandThis project will also be implementing the AT command in controlling theGSM modem. AT commands are instructions used to control a modem. AT is theabbreviation of ATtention. Every command line starts with "AT" or "at". Many ofthe commands that are used to control wired dial-up modems, such as ATD (Dial),ATA (Answer), ATH (Hook control) and ATO (Return to online data state), arealso supported by GSM/GPRS modems and mobile phones. Besides this commonAT command set, GSM/GPRS modems and mobile phones support an ATcommand set that is specific to the GSM technology. This is where our project willbe emphasizing.The commands are always start with AT and finish with a character.Most of the commands that will be used are involve in SMS command. Here aresome of the tasks that are commonly used in my project:• Get basic information about the mobile phone or GSM/GPRS modem. Forexample, name of manufacturer (AT+CGMI), model number(AT+CGMM), IMEI number (International Mobile Equipment Identity)(AT+CGSN) and software version (AT+CGMR).• Selecting message format either in text mode or PDU mode. For example,PDU mode (AT+CMGF=0), text mode (AT+CMGF=1).• Sending (AT+CMGS, AT+CMSS), read (AT+CMGR, AT+CMGL), write(AT+CMGW), delete (AT+CMGD) a message or obtain notification ofnewly received SMS message (AT+CNMI, AT+CNMA).• Received command showing new messages (AT+CMT, AT+CMTI).
Page 1 and 2: UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MALAYSIAPSZ 19
Page 3 and 4: “I hereby declare that I have rea
Page 5 and 6: iii“I hereby declare that the the
Page 7 and 8: vACKNOWLEDGEMENTFirstly, I would li
Page 9 and 10: viiABSTRAKPetani pada zaman ini sen
Page 11 and 12: ix2.3 The GPS System 82.3.1 GPS Rec
Page 13 and 14: xiLIST OF TABLETABLE NO. TITLE PAGE
Page 15 and 16: xiii5.4 Location information 485.5
Page 17 and 18: 2earthquake studies. As for my proj
Page 19 and 20: 41.4 ScopeThe main emphasis of this
Page 21 and 22: 6CHAPTER 2LITERATURE REVIEW2.1 Intr
Page 23 and 24: 8processing and digital control mac
Page 25 and 26: 10value. When you measure the dista
Page 27 and 28: 122.4.1 GPRSGeneral Packet Radio Se
Page 29 and 30: 14iv. Alerts and notifications.a) E
Page 31 and 32: 16Figure 2.4 Internal view of b’A
Page 33 and 34: 18internal pull-up resistors R12 an
Page 35: 20CHAPTER 3THEORY3.1 IntroductionTh
Page 39 and 40: 24CHAPTER 4METHODOLOGY4.1 Introduct
Page 41 and 42: 264.3 Software ImplementationThe en
Page 43 and 44: 28Init. DS19231Wait for 5 secondsB
Page 45 and 46: 304.3.2 The PDU formatBefore we beg
Page 47 and 48: 32The rightmost bit of the second c
Page 49 and 50: 34Upper Byte:- Reservedx 1 = Roamin
Page 51 and 52: 360A10412274E600000000043AFF2100130
Page 53 and 54: 38In case of there’s no occurrenc
Page 55 and 56: 40// insert Current Temp (1W), iBut
Page 57 and 58: 42// or UserTask Receive ISYS messa
Page 59 and 60: 44Forbid();wConfig1 =LOG_OperationP
Page 61 and 62: 46The figure shows the web page whi
Page 63 and 64: 48Figure 5.4 Location informationFi
Page 65 and 66: Figure 5.8 Google Earth50
Page 67 and 68: 52themselves to collect the data. T
Page 69 and 70: 54REFERENCES1. Sanders G., Thorens
Page 71 and 72: 56WeekActivitie s3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1
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79APPENDIX CGSM MODULE DATASHEET
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UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MALAYSIA - FKE - UTM

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