A review on White Spot Disease in penaeid ... - Middle East - OIE

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Immunostimulants & vaccine• The crustacean innate immune system recognizes molecular patternsshared by large groups of pathogens, such as beta-glucans from fungi andlipopolysaccharides and peptidoglycans from bacteria.• Also reports have shown that beta-glucan, Vitamin C, seaweed extracts(fucoidan) and other immunostimulants may improve resistance to WSD.• Several studies have shown that resistance of prawns to WSV can beenhanced by exposure to these compounds. As their efficacy and methodsof administration become better defined, immunostimulants may be usedto improve the resistance of farmed crustaceans to WSV and otherpathogens in an attempt to reduce the risk of disease outbreaks. However,any benefit they may confer is likely to be minimal in adverse environmentsor in the absence of appropriate disease prevention strategies.• Although recent studies of crustacean immunology suggest some capacityfor acquired immunity, but currently no consistently effective vaccinationmethods have been developed.
Diagnostic Criteria• Clinical & gross signs• Histopathological findings• Laboratory tests
Page 1: Ali Khatibi Tabar D.V.MDepartment o
Page 4 and 5: Aetiology• The causative agent of
Page 6: World Distribution• Prior to 1992
Page 12 and 13: Environmental stressors• Disease
Page 16 and 17: Clinical & gross signs• Infected
Page 18 and 19: Mortality
Page 20 and 21: White spots
Page 22 and 23: Histopathological findings• The h
Page 24 and 25: Histopathological findings12Histolo
Page 26 and 27: Laboratory methods• Diagnostic La
Page 28 and 29: PCR result of assessing the prevale
Page 30 and 31: Differential diagnosis of virus-ind
Page 32 and 33: Farm level biosecurity of WSSV• P
Page 34 and 35: Preventing the entry of WSSV in to
Page 36 and 37: Disease outbreak & its control• Q
Page 38 and 39: EradicationsEradication may not be
Page 40 and 41: Control & MitigationIf infection is
Page 42 and 43: Code of Practice 1388/44/01(summari
Page 44 and 45: Code of Practice 1388/44/01(summari
Page 46 and 47: DiscussionCurrent achievements and
Page 48: Thank You For Your Attention !

A review on White Spot Disease in penaeid ... - Middle East - OIE

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