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Looking <strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong> Edge 333For this investigation, we’ll examine half-hourly data <strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong> S&P 500emini contract. I obtain my intraday data from my quote plat<strong>for</strong>ms; in <strong>the</strong>current example, I’ll use e-Signal. To do this, we create a 30-minute chartof <strong>the</strong> ES futures contract; click on <strong>the</strong> chart and scroll to <strong>the</strong> right to move<strong>the</strong> chart backward in time. When we’ve covered <strong>the</strong> last 20 days or so,we click on <strong>the</strong> menu item Tools; select Data Export; <strong>the</strong>n uncheck <strong>the</strong>boxes <strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong> data that we won’t need. In this case, all we’ll need is Date,Time, and Volume. We click <strong>the</strong> button <strong>for</strong> Copy to Clipboard and open afresh sheet in Excel. Once we click on <strong>the</strong> Excel menu item <strong>for</strong> Edit andselect Paste, with <strong>the</strong> cursor at cell A2, we’ll populate <strong>the</strong> sheet with <strong>the</strong>intraday data. We can <strong>the</strong>n enter names <strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong> columns in row 1: Date;Time; and Volume. (If you’re d<strong>own</strong>loading from e-Signal, those names willaccompany <strong>the</strong> data and you can d<strong>own</strong>load <strong>the</strong> data with <strong>the</strong> cursor at A1).Our next step is to highlight <strong>the</strong> entire data set that we want to cover.We click on <strong>the</strong> Excel menu item <strong>for</strong> Data; select Filter; and select AutoFilter.A set of small arrows will appear beside <strong>the</strong> column names. Click <strong>the</strong>arrow next to Time and, from <strong>the</strong> drop d<strong>own</strong> menu, select <strong>the</strong> time that represents<strong>the</strong> start of <strong>the</strong> <strong>trading</strong> day. In my case, living in <strong>the</strong> Chicago area inCentral Time, that would be 8:30 A.M. You’ll <strong>the</strong>n see all <strong>the</strong> volume figures<strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong> half-hour 8:30 A.M. to9:00A.M. Click on Edit; select Copy; open ablank sheet; click on Edit; and select Paste. This will put <strong>the</strong> 8:30 A.M. dataon a separate sheet. If you have 20 values (<strong>the</strong> past 20 days), you can enter<strong>the</strong> <strong>for</strong>mula “=average(c2:c21)” and you’ll see <strong>the</strong> average <strong>trading</strong> volume<strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong> first half-hour of <strong>trading</strong>. Of course, you can filter <strong>for</strong> any time ofday and see that half-hour’s average volume as well.When you know <strong>the</strong> average <strong>trading</strong> volume <strong>for</strong> a particulartime period, you can assess institutional participation in realtime—particularly with respect to whe<strong>the</strong>r this volume picks upor slows d<strong>own</strong> as a function of market direction.The filter function is helpful when you want to pull out data selectivelyfrom a data set. Let’s say, <strong>for</strong> instance, that you had a column in which youcoded Mondays as 1; Tuesday’s as 2; etc. You could <strong>the</strong>n filter out <strong>the</strong> 1sin <strong>the</strong> historical data set and see how <strong>the</strong> market behaved specifically onMondays. Similarly, you could code <strong>the</strong> first or last days of <strong>the</strong> month andfilter <strong>the</strong> data to observe <strong>the</strong> returns associated with those.In general, I find filtering most helpful <strong>for</strong> intraday analyses, when Iwant to see how markets behave at a particular time of day under particularconditions. Frankly, however, this is not where I find <strong>the</strong> greatest edgestypically, and it’s not where I’d recommend that a beginner start withhistorical investigations. Should you become serious about investigating

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