West Mojave Plan FEIR/S - Desert Managers Group

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Vehicle Disturbances and MGS Habitat190N39517814395155814401513818LegendCounty LinesHighwaysPlan BoundaryMilitary LandsBLM Open AreasAbove-Average Vehicle Impact AreasMGS Range Boundary24710/14/04West Mojave Plan FEIR/SMap 3-17Scale: 1 : 1,250,0000 10 20 30Km0 10 20 30 Miles
Citing Bury and Luckenbach (1977), Gustafson indicated “One result [of OHV activity]is a reduction in the number of spring annuals in areas of off-highway vehicle use” and “…offhighwayvehicles detrimentally affect wildlife and creosote bush scrub habitat in the MojaveDesert.” Brooks (1999a, 2000) found non-native plant species were more common alongsideroads, and that roads served as dispersal corridors for weed species. Weeds, in turn, providefuels that result in hotter fires and relatively larger burned areas. Non-native annuals serve tospread fires between shrubs far more readily than the native annual flora (Brooks 1999b).Gustafson (1993) indicated wildfires are probably hot enough to kill seeds, sprouting shrubs, andsquirrels within their burrows. He felt this was a temporary impact that would be remedied whenvegetation became re-established.Urban Development: According to some authors, the primary threat to the MGS isdestruction and degradation of its habitat (Laabs 1998, CDFG 1992). Habitat conversion notonly decreases the amount of available habitat, it also fragments the remaining habitat, isolatingpopulations from one another. Urbanization has resulted in the loss of considerable habitat,particularly surrounding the cities of Palmdale, Lancaster, Victorville and Hesperia. Urbandevelopment results in the direct loss of habitat, and likely has effects on surrounding nativehabitats, including increased numbers of domestic and feral cats and dogs. Dumping of refuse,abandoned vehicles, and other items is often most prevalent on undeveloped lands adjacent toresidential, commercial, and industrial development (Gustafson 1993; WMP data).Gustafson (1993) concluded: “No single small development threatens the squirrel’sexistence in the region, but the total cumulative impact is greater than the sum of the individualimpacts.” He reported approximately 165,000 acres (258 mi 2 ) of urban development and215,000 acres (336 mi 2 ) of rural development occurred within the known range as of the early1990’s. Numerous historic localities for the MGS are in areas that have been converted to urbanuses. For example, about 10% of the historic MGS range has been lost to urban (6%) andagricultural (3%) uses.The MGS is not absent from all urban areas. A recent observation occurred south ofHighway 138, near Pinyon Hills, and a second occurred near an aerospace industrial complexlocated adjacent to Palmdale (Becky Jones, pers. comm., 2002). In the first case, the site andadjacent areas are comprised of extensive tracts of undeveloped lands and those with relativelylight rural development. At the second site, there are about five to six contiguous square miles ofrelatively undeveloped land, but the entire area is surrounded by urban and agriculturaldevelopment.The MGS has also been observed in residential backyards in Inyokern (Peter Woodman,2000 pers. com.), and may be seen foraging on the golf course at China Lake (Tom Campbell,pers. comm., 2002). In 1991, Laabs (Tierra Madre Consultants, Inc. 1991) tentatively identifiedan MGS burrow in the edge of an agricultural field in northeastern Lancaster. One squirrel wasrecently trapped at the proposed Hundai facility south of California City, where the consultanthad identified habitats as being marginal (Michael Connor, pers. comm., 2002). In these lattercases, the sightings are adjacent to extensive areas of undeveloped lands.Chapter 3 3-165
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CHAPTER THREEAFFECTED ENVIRONMENT3.
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The CDCA Plan assigns a “multiple
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Desert Tortoise Research Natural Ar
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closure to target shooting. Hunting
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percentage of public land ownership
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As of March 2004, BLM had acquired
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Ripley Joshua Tree Woodland: The st
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through “resource use” designat
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Significant Ecological Areas: There
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Wildlife and Wildflower Sanctuaries
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Mojave River Forks Regional Park: A
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oriented commercial uses are expect
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HCP would include mitigation measur
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3.1.3.12 City of RidgecrestThe City
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It is a goal of the town’s genera
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• Inyo California Towhee (April 1
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(i) The taking will be incidental;(
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handled, and number accidentally ki
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3.1.5 California Endangered Species
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Obtaining an Incidental Take Permit
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Monitoring: Monitoring is often the
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is so restrictive that project dela
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excess moisture. A minus 4 is consi
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Air BasinsN190I n y o C o395Ridgecr
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Federal PM10 Planning AreasN190Owen
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POLLUTANTOzone (O 3 )RespirablePart
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AIRBASINAIR QUALITYDISTRICTPOLLUTAN
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subtraction of transported ozone in
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The general soil information and ma
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The Marine Corps Ground Combat Cent
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The most permeable basin-fill depos
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Surface water was and is the major
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A relatively small number of introd
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freshwater or alkali wetlands, or o
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3.3.2 Desert Tortoise3.3.2.1 Regula
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progress toward meeting the overall
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“higher density” and “lower d
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several seasons (Esque 1994 in Aver
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Assistant District Manager Molly Br
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• Since 1975, federal land manage
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“52 mi 2 of higher density tortoi
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1984 Tortoise Range and Density Map
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Higher Density Tortoise Sign Count
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When data for the three lowest sign
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Occurrence of Tortoises Relative to
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Regional Declines in the Four DWMAs
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Tortoise Distribution within the Re
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Boarman (pers. comm., Nov 2002) has
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tortoises are either extirpated (La
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sites surveyed by LaRue between 199
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aseline data are lacking. Grasses p
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Canine Predators: This includes coy
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The spatial distribution of 12 of 1
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Predation Versus Scavenging of Juve
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Table 3-20Prevalence of Tortoises i
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(Jacobson et al. 1991, Brown et al.
Page 113 and 114: 3.3.2.5.3 Older and Newer Die-off R
Page 115 and 116: Table 3-21Characteristics of Older
Page 117 and 118: Table 3-22Characteristics of Older
Page 119 and 120: of the Johnson Valley Open Area, an
Page 121 and 122: Distribution of Recreational and Re
Page 123 and 124: Tortoises and Burrows Crushed: Vehi
Page 125 and 126: TypeYearsSignCount98-99-01Distance2
Page 127 and 128: OHV Impacts to Soils: OHV use has r
Page 129 and 130: Rodman DWMA. There were no higher d
Page 131 and 132: of Dove Springs that has experience
Page 133 and 134: Both inside and adjacent to open ar
Page 135 and 136: 3.3.2.6.6 Organized Competitive OHV
Page 137 and 138: 3.3.2.7 Current Effectiveness of Ex
Page 139 and 140: Overall, one sees that 68% of the 3
Page 141 and 142: off regions discussed herein. Black
Page 143 and 144: ManixACECMojave fishhookcactusRainb
Page 145 and 146: Range of Mohave Ground SquirrelN190
Page 147 and 148: 3.3.3.2.2 Seasonal ActivityThe MGS
Page 149 and 150: 1996). As herbaceous annuals appear
Page 151 and 152: 1998 Mohave Ground Squirrel Transec
Page 153 and 154: Finally, the 84% success rate was a
Page 155 and 156: LaRue characterized substrates at t
Page 157 and 158: There were no MGS occurrences in 28
Page 159 and 160: certain shrubs (e.g. winterfat) tha
Page 161 and 162: NAWS China Lake 1993). As discussed
Page 163: Cumulatively, one finds there to be
Page 167 and 168: the MGS is restricted to about 7,00
Page 169 and 170: Habitat Management Plans (HMPs) wer
Page 171 and 172: Basic to the biology of bighorn she
Page 173 and 174: 3.3.6 Birds3.3.6.1 Bendire’s Thra
Page 175 and 176: 3.3.6.5 Golden EagleLife History: T
Page 177 and 178: The towhee recovery plan establishe
Page 179 and 180: Regulatory Status: Federal Endanger
Page 181 and 182: 3.3.6.15 Western Yellow-billed Cuck
Page 183 and 184: Other major threats are flood contr
Page 185 and 186: Population Status in the Planning A
Page 187 and 188: on the inaccessible mountain slopes
Page 189 and 190: 3.3.8.8 Kern BuckwheatLife History:
Page 191 and 192: Threats Affecting the Mojave Monkey
Page 193 and 194: 3.3.8.16 Red Rock PoppyLife History
Page 195 and 196: populations show intergradation wit
Page 197 and 198: 3.4.1.1 Regional EnvironmentIn tota
Page 199 and 200: Table 3-37Average Annual Units Cons
Page 201 and 202: 2002 SOUTHERN CALIFORNIAEMPLOYMENT
Page 203 and 204: TABLE 3-382000 CENSUS DEMOGRAPHIC C
Page 205 and 206: to undergo a dramatic reversal to t
Page 207 and 208: 3.4.1.5 Study Area Property Valuati
Page 209 and 210: The supply of private property in t
Page 211 and 212: ALLOTMENT NAME TYPE OF LIVESTOCK FO
Page 213 and 214: Grazing AllotmentsNOlanchaDarwinTun
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ALLOTMENT NAMEALLOTMENTACRESP. L. 1
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3.4.3 Mineral Potential and Develop
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Mineral Potential, Active and Inact
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Mineral Potential, Active and Inact
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development based on the results of
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MANAGEMENT AREATable 3-46Potential
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A third item, yttrium (on the USBM
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the California Department of Conser
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Table 3-49 shows the number of mini
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produces about 75,000 tons per year
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Table 3-50Most Important Deposits B
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3.4.3.5 Coolgardie MesaThe Coolgard
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Areas designated as regionally sign
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Recreationists engage in activities
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OPENAREADoveSpringsElMirageJawboneC
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cycle engine motorcycles in OHV rid
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One popular activity is dual sport
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Compliance With Regulations: Compli
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REGIONORCITYRidgecrestSanBernardino
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REGIONORCITYVictorville /AppleValle
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Rail: The West Mojave planning area
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Arterials: Arterials are routes wit
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Ridgecrest-Inyokern Sanitary Landfi
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approximately 3 miles south of the
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Trona-Agrus Transfer Station (SWIS
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The BLM is an agency of the U.S. De
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Route designations apply only to ro
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Utility Maintenance: Many powerline
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ACECNAME ANDNUMBERHarper Dry Lake(3
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SUBREGIONAmboyBighornCoyoteEastSier
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• All pipelines with diameters gr
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3.6.2 Energy Generation PlantsEnerg
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3.7 CULTURAL RESOURCES3.7.1 Archaeo
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seasonal movement from place to pla
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RIDGECREST FIELD OFFICEPROPERTY NAM
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ACECRose SpringFossil FallsLast Cha
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have been dated by radiocarbon and
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MYACENOZOICEPOCHTable 3-65Paleontol
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In the southern area, fossils of la
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At Twenty-Nine Palms, there is an u
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West Mojave Plan FEIR/S - Desert Managers Group

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