Oracle Database 11 g - Online Public Access Catalog

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376 CHAPTER 9 ■ STORAGE MANAGEMENTINST FAIL READ_ WRITE_ BYTES_ BYTES_NAME GROUP TIME TIME READ WRITTEN-------- ----- ---------- ------- -------- --------DBA11g1 DATA1 161904000 2641000 58054144 752128DBA11g1 FRA1 1249000 2575000 1730560 3363840DBA11g1 DATA2 188251000 3564000 61817344 3549696ASM Restricted ModeOracle Database 11g ASM implements the restricted start-up option for maintenance mode.While in restricted mode, only the starting ASM instance has exclusive access to the diskgroups.When in restricted mode, databases will not be permitted to access the ASM instance. You cansee that startup restrict; will mount all the diskgroups in restricted mode:SQL> startup restrict;ASM instance startedTotal System Global Area 138158080 bytesFixed Size1296012 bytesVariable Size111696244 bytesASM Cache25165824 bytesASM diskgroups mountedSQL> select name,state from v$asm_diskgroup;NAMESTATE---------------- -----------DATARESTRICTEDFRARESTRICTEDWhen you try to start a database while the ASM instance is in restricted mode, you willreceive the following error message:SQL> startupORA-01078: failure in processing system parametersORA-01565: error in identifying file '+DATA/ICEMAN/spfileICEMAN.ora'ORA-17503: ksfdopn:2 Failed to open file +DATA/ICEMAN/spfileICEMAN.oraORA-15056: additional error messageORA-17503: ksfdopn:DGOpenFile05 Failed to open file +DATA/iceman/spfileiceman.oraORA-17503: ksfdopn:2 Failed to open file +DATA/iceman/spfileiceman.oraORA-15236: diskgroup DATA mounted in restricted modeORA-06512: at line 4The restricted option can be specified at the diskgroup level to provide a granular level ofrestriction.
CHAPTER 9 ■ STORAGE MANAGEMENT 377■Note In the world of RAC, the restricted start-up option at either the instance level or the diskgrouplevel will prohibit other ASM instances participating in the RAC cluster from having access to the diskgroups.Let’s look at how to enable restricted access at the diskgroup level:SQL> alter diskgroup data mount restricted;Diskgroup altered.SQL> select name, state from v$asm_diskgroup;NAMESTATE------------------ -------------------DATARESTRICTEDFRAMOUNTEDThe restricted option can be used in RAC or non-RAC environments to perform a maintenancetask such as a rebalance operation. In restricted mode, a rebalance mitigates ASM toASM extent relocation messaging, making the rebalance operation much faster.ASM Diskgroup MaintenanceOracle Database 11g introduces the force option to the mount and drop diskgroup syntax. InOracle Database 10g, to mount a diskgroup, DBAs would issue the following command:SQL> alter diskgroup data mount;In Oracle Database 11g, you can force the mount of the diskgroup even if not all the disksparticipating in the diskgroup are available:SQL> alter diskgroup data mount force;By default, the mount of the diskgroup is done with the noforce option. All disks must beavailable for the mount to succeed. With the force option, ASM simply offlines any disks thatare missing and mounts the diskgroup with the available disks. This option can cause problemsif used incorrectly. The issue could be something as simple as an incorrect asm_diskstringparameter. By using the force option to mount a diskgroup, you can cause more problemsthan not. The force option should be used cautiously. The force option can be leveraged withASM redundancy diskgroups. ASM will force a mount of a diskgroup even with missing ordamaged failure groups. In a RAC environment, only one RAC node may mount a diskgroup withthe force option. Once a diskgroup is mounted, the remaining nodes will receive an alert whenit tries to mount the diskgroup with the force option.In the world of ASM, it is common practice to use the dd utility to clear out the header ofdisks. In Oracle Database 10g, in order to drop a diskgroup, it had to be mounted. If the diskgroupcannot be mounted, you can clear the disk(s) using the dd command.
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The EXPERT’s VOIce ® IN ORACLEAl
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Contents at a GlanceAbout the Autho
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■CONTENTSixSQL*Plus New Features
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■CONTENTSxiEnterprise Manager Int
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■CONTENTSxiiiCombined Capture and
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■CONTENTSxvImprovements in Redo T
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About the Authors■SAM ALAPATI is
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xxii■ACKNOWLEDGMENTSNothing I do
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xxiv■INTRODUCTIONPerformance Mana
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xxvi■INTRODUCTION• The easy add
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2 CHAPTER 1 ■ INSTALLING, UPGRADI
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100 CHAPTER 3 ■ DATABASE ADMINIST
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226 CHAPTER 5 ■ DATABASE SECURITY
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266 CHAPTER 6 ■ BACKUP AND RECOVE
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CHAPTER 7■ ■ ■Data PumpDBAs a
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CHAPTER 7 ■ DATA PUMP 315if test
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CHAPTER 7 ■ DATA PUMP 317DBA11g1
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CHAPTER 7 ■ DATA PUMP 319Encrypti
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CHAPTER 7 ■ DATA PUMP 323Remappin
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446 CHAPTER 11 ■ APPLICATION DEVE
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CHAPTER 12■ ■ ■Data Warehousi
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CHAPTER 12 ■ DATA WAREHOUSING 517
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566 ■INDEXadvise failure command,
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600 ■INDEXOracle Audit Vault, 259
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