Guidelines on the Prevention and Control of Tuberculosis in Ireland

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<strong>Guidelines</strong> on the Prevention and Control of Tuberculosis in Ireland 2010HSE/HPSCTable 1.3: Notification and mortality rates per 100,000 reported by EuroTB 10 for all 27 EU countries:2007, 2006.Country Notification rate per 100,000 (2007) Mortality rate per 100,000 (2006)Cyprus 5.3 0.26Sweden 5.4 naFinland 5.9 1.14Greece 5.9 0.73Netherlands 5.9 0.46Germany 6.1 0.53Denmark 7.2 0.17Luxembourg 8.1 0.00Malta 9.3 0.25Italy 7.6 naFrance 8.8 naCzech Republic 8.4 0.51Austria 10.5 0.68Slovenia 10.8 0.90Belgium 9.7 naIreland 10.9 0.94Slovakia 12.6 naUnited Kingdom 13.8 0.79Spain 17.3 naHungary 17.4 naPoland 22.6 1.99Portugal 29.5 0.21Estonia 36.3 4.99Bulgaria 39.8 3.51Latvia 55.1 7.95Lithuania 71.3 10.87Romania 118.3 7.89Total all EU countries 17.0 na(na: not available)1.3 Tuberculosis in IrelandFollowing the introduction of compulsory notification of all forms of TB in 1948, declining rates ofmorbidity and mortality were observed in Ireland throughout the latter half of the twentieth century 17(figure 1.1). The first national survey of TB in Ireland reported 6,795 notifications in 1952, giving anotification rate of 230 cases per 100,000 population. 18 A downward trend was sustained until 2001 (381cases, 9.7 per 100,000 population) after which case rates became stable, with minor fluctuations in annualfigures thereafter. In 2006, there were 465 cases of TB notified in Ireland, representing a rate of 11.0 per100,000 population. 19 Mortality rates also declined, from 266 per 100,000 population in 1901 18 to 0.94 per100,000 in 2006, and are now amongst the lowest reported in Western Europe. 10 The majority of deathsfrom TB now occur in those aged 65 years and older.-3-
<strong>Guidelines</strong> on the Prevention and Control of Tuberculosis in Ireland 2010HSE/HPSC80007000600050004000300020001000019521953195419551956195719581959196019611962196319641965196619671968196919701971197219731974197519761977197819791980198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004200520062007RespiratoryNon-respiratoryFigure 1.1: TB cases notified to the Department of Health and HPSC, 1952-2006 (breakdown byrespiratory /non-respiratory not available for 1994) 19Geographical distributionConsiderable variation exists in TB notification rates between HSE areas in Ireland (table 1.4). Overall,annual incidence rates in HSE areas fluctuate, with no discernable increasing/decreasing pattern in anyregion. HSE South (Cork and Kerry) typically reports the highest annual crude case rate, with rates rangingbetween 12.4 and 15.3 per 100,000 between 2000 and 2006. Since 2000, case rates have remained above10 per 100,000 in both HSE East and HSE South (Cork and Kerry), and consistently below 10 per 100, 000in HSE Midlands and HSE Northwest. This distribution differs from that documented in the 1950s when theproportion of the population with pulmonary disease in Dublin was nearly twice that in any other area inIreland. 18 In 2006, the largest number of notifications was reported by HSE East (193 notifications). 19In Northern Ireland, 62 cases were notified in 2006, and since 1990, an incidence rate of 3 to 5 cases per100,000 population per year has been recorded. 15Table 1.4: Crude TB incidence rates per 100,000 population by HSE area, 1992-2006 19HSE E HSE M HSE MW HSE NE HSE NW HSE SE HSE S HSE W Total1992 16.1 18.7 20.9 10 15.9 12.3 21.4 22.2 17.11993 11.9 10.8 16.1 10 37.5 16.7 23.9 23 171994 12.9 14.6 17.3 11.4 9 11 17.4 22.7 14.51995 11.9 8.8 15.1 8.5 11.4 9.5 20.5 11.1 12.61996 8.7 8.3 17.7 12.1 7.1 6.9 22.5 13.1 121997 9.9 9.2 12.6 9.1 10.4 12.8 16.5 11.1 11.51998 11.7 4.9 14.8 9.5 9 8.9 14.3 15.3 11.71999 13.9 7.3 17 8.2 9 7.9 13.7 19.9 12.92000 10.2 7.1 13.8 6.1 4.1 9.7 13.8 10 10.12001 12.3 3.1 7.1 11 5.9 4.7 12.4 8.9 9.72002 11.6 8.4 9.4 7 5.4 11.6 13.3 8.7 10.42003 11.9 5.3 12.4 7.5 4.1 8.3 16 6 10.42004 12.6 3.6 12.2 5.8 6.7 7.4 11.8 10.6 10.22005 13 6.4 14.7 3.3 6.3 8 12.2 10.9 10.62006 12.9 6.0 10.2 8.4 3.8 11.1 15.3 7.7 11.0-4-
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Guidelines on the Prevention and Control of Tuberculosis in Ireland

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