Grammar_In_Use_4th_edition_by_Murphy-Book

Unit95 1 Relative clauses 4: extra information clauses (1)There are two types of relative clause. In these examples, the relative clauses are underlined.Compare:Type 7The woman who lives next door is adoctor.Grace works for a company that makesfurniture.We stayed at the hotel (that) yourecommended.In these examples, the relative clauses tell youwhich person or thing (or what kind of personor thing) the speaker means:The woman who lives next door' tells uswhich woman.‘A company that makes furniture' tells uswhat kind of company.The hotel (that) you recommended' tellsus which hotel.We do not use commas (,) with these clauses:We know a lot of people who live inLondon.Type 2My brother Ben, who lives in HongKong, is an architect.Anna told me about her new job, whichshe's enjoying a lot.We stayed at the Park Hotel, which afriend of ours recommended.In these examples, the relative clauses do nottelL you which person or thing the speakermeans. We already know which thing orperson is meant: ‘My brother Ben', Anna's newjob' and 'the Park Hotel'.The relative clauses in these sentences give usextra information about the person or thing.We use commas (,) with these clauses:My brother Ben, who lives in HongKong, is an architect.In both types of relative clause we use who for people and which for things. But:Type 1 Type 2You can use that:You cannot use that:Do you know anyone who/that speaksJohn, who (not that) speaks French andFrench and Italian?Italian, works as a tour guide.Grace works for a company which/thatAnna told me about her new job, whichmakes furniture.(not that) she's enjoying a lot.You can leave out who/which/that when it isthe object (see Unit 93):We stayed at the hotel (that/which) yourecommended.This morning I met somebody (who/that) I hadn't seen for ages.We do not often use whom in this type ofclause (see Unit 94B).You cannot leave out who or which:We stayed at the Park Hotel, which afriend of ours recommended.This morning I met Chris, who I hadn'tseen for ages.You can use whom for people (when it is theobject):This morning I met Chris, whom I hadn'tseen for ages.In both types of relative clause you can use whose and where:We met some people whose car hadbroken down.What's the name of the place whereyou went on holiday?Lisa, whose car had broken down, wasin a very bad mood.Kate has just been to Sweden, whereher daughter lives.Relative clauses (Type 1) -4 Units 92-94 Relative clauses (Type 2) -*■Unit 96