Wood-Chip Heating Systems - Biomass Energy Resource Center

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WOOD CHIP HEATING SYSTEMS 84 APPENDIX F Biomass System Manufacturer List The following system manufacturers all make biomass combustion systems in the 1-10 MMBtu size range, and have successful installations in institutional and commercial settings of the type considered in this guide. All listed manufacturers have installed or are actively interested in installing systems in the Northeast. Inclusion on this list does not constitute an endorsement of a manufacturer’s equipment by either the Biomass Energy Resource Center, the Northeast Regional Biomass Program, the Coalition of Northeastern Governors, or the USDA Forest Service. Similarly, omission of a manufacturer does not imply any criticism of that manufacturer’s capability or equipment. Biomass Combustion Systems Inc. 16 Merriam Rd. Princeton, MA 01541 (508)393-4932 www.biomasscombustion.com Chiptec Wood Energy Systems 48 Helen Avenue So. Burlington, VT 05403 (802) 658-0956 www.chiptec.com Grove Wood Heating, Inc. Pleasant Grove, Prince Edward Island Canada C0A 1P0 (902) 672-2090 KMW Energy Systems, Inc. 150 White Oak Road London, Ontario Canada N6E 3A1 (519) 686-1771 Messersmith Manufacturing, Inc. 2612 F Rd. Bark River, MI 49807 906-466-9010 www.burnchips.com
Glossary Appliance effi ciency: The ratio of output energy to input energy when the combustion system is running under design conditions. Also called steady state effi ciency. Ashing auger: An auger, operated manually or by a motor, used to remove ash from the base of a furnace or boiler setting. Also called ashing screw. Backpressure turbine: A type of steam turbine that produces low-pressure steam exhaust, which can be used as the source of heat for space heating or other uses. Backup system: An alternate fuel combustion system used to provide heat when the primary system is out of service or unable to meet the full heat load. Bag house: A type of electrostatic particulate removal device used with very large biomass heating plants. Bio-gas: A gas produced from biomass. Can be used as a combustion fuel. Biomass: Any organic matter that can be burned for energy. Here used as synonymous with wood in its various forms. Blast tube: A short connecting passage between a combustor and a boiler or other heat exchanger. Hot combustion gases from the primary chamber pass through the tube, sometimes with the addition of secondary or tertiary combustion air. Boiler: A heat exchanger used to extract heat from hot combustion gases and transfer the heat to water. The boiler output can be either hot water or, if the water is allowed to boil, steam. Bole chips: Wood chips produced from the main stems or trunks of trees, excluding branches and tops. Bottom ash: Ash that collects under the grates of a combustion furnace. Btu: British thermal unit, a standard unit of energy equal to the heat required to raise the temperature of one pound of water one degree Fahrenheit. Btu meter: A device for measuring energy fl ow over time. Used to measure boiler heat output or energy consumption. For a hot water boiler, a Btu meter includes a water fl ow meter and temperature sensors that give the increase in temperature between the return water and output water. Bucket elevator: A solid fuel handling device that lifts the fuel vertically. Burnback: Movement of fl ame from the combustion chamber back along the incoming fuel stream. Calorifi c value: The energy content of a fuel, expressed in units such as Btu per pound. Carbon burn-out: The end of the combustion process in which all uncombined gaseous and solid carbon is oxidized to carbon dioxide. Char: Carbon-rich combustible solids that result from pyrolysis of wood in the early stages of combustion. Char can be converted to combustible gases under certain conditions, or burned directly on the grates. Char reinjector: A device that collects unburned char at certain locations in large boilers and injects it back into the primary combustion zone, both to keep it from going up the stack and to capture its energy through recombustion. Chipper: A large device that reduces logs, whole trees, slab wood, or lumber to chips of more or less uniform-size. Stationary chippers are used in sawmills, while trailer-mounted whole-tree chippers are used in the woods. CHP: Combined heat and power. WOOD CHIP HEATING SYSTEMS 85
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Wood-Chip Heating Systems A Guide F
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Wood-Chip Heating Systems A Guide F
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TABLE OF CONTENTS How to Use This B
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The appendices may be consulted as
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urners in the biomass fuel-producin
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Fuel Hardwood Chips No. 2 Fuel Oil
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Randolph Union High School, Randolp
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CHAPTER TWO Wood Chips and Other Ty
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Barre Town Elementary School, Barre
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in a system designed to burn hardwo
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Figure 3.1 A Typical Biomass System
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An Important Relationship: Fuel Sou
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Murray Farms Greenhouse, Penacook,
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oiler facility. However, the backup
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The use of powerful and potentially
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in effi ciency: the higher the mois
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an effi ciency of 69%. This differe
Page 35 and 36: at a higher capital cost. For examp
Page 37 and 38: Older Residential Stove 1 EPA Certi
Page 39 and 40: CHAPTER SIX Types of Biomass Combus
Page 41 and 42: Figure 6.2 Two-Chamber Combustion S
Page 43 and 44: Cost-Effectiveness of Wood-Chip Sys
Page 45 and 46: Figure 7.3 Existing Gas Cost/ccf $3
Page 47 and 48: a value, independent of concerns ab
Page 49 and 50: • initial system equipment/instal
Page 51 and 52: engineering fi rms that specialize
Page 53 and 54: CHAPTER NINE Finding Capital to Pay
Page 55 and 56: installation and do not incur the r
Page 57 and 58: CHAPTER TEN Putting Together and Im
Page 59 and 60: The Importance of the System Operat
Page 61 and 62: Q: Will wood smoke cause acid rain?
Page 63 and 64: Data on the installed cost of bioma
Page 65 and 66: say exactly how it should do that.
Page 67 and 68: Green Acres, Barre, Vermont Facilit
Page 69 and 70: Contracting and Project Structure O
Page 71 and 72: fully trained in operating, maintai
Page 73 and 74: CHAPTER TWELVE The Future of Biomas
Page 75 and 76: maintenance time has been reduced t
Page 77 and 78: APPENDIX A Northeast Regional Bioma
Page 79 and 80: APPENDIX C Wood-Fuel Energy Data I.
Page 81 and 82: APPENDIX D Assumptions Used in Deve
Page 83 and 84: Current year oil price . . . . . .
Page 85: Net Annual Savings $100,000 $90,000
Page 89 and 90: Furnace: The primary combustion cha
Page 91 and 92: Sizing: The process of specifying t
Page 93: Jarrett, Branyon O. “Catch 22 in
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