titlepage/contents pg 1-16 - British Parking Association

Formulating Parking Interventions 89parking, then parking chargesand tariff conditions will be morestringent than they wouldotherwise be. This presents aconsiderable challenge for localauthorities where people havebecome accustomed to free orunrestricted parking.Red Route signs.created in the “stopped”lanes; and● Raised carriageways andkerb build-outs at side roadjunctions, greatly improvingpedestrian convenience andsafety.Local authorities outside Londoncould consider how they canachieve the benefits of the RedRoute approach through theapplication of parking andloading TROs, combined withappropriate re-design and reallocationof main road space.Such an approach may beparticularly relevant on mainroads where buses are impededby loading and parking activity offrontage businesses.Tariffs and pricingThe tariff and pricing policy canbe used to address a number ofobjectives. The most commonare:● Balancing demand withsupply;● Influencing the demand asbetween on- and off-streetcar parking;● Influencing the distribution ofdemand as between differentareas;● Influencing the length of stayand parking turnover; and● Maximising revenue.It is axiomatic that, if a ParkingStrategy includes a policy toreduce or limit the supply ofThe ability to use tariffs andcharges to achieve policy endswill depend on the amount ofcontrol that can be exercised bythe local authority. For example,local authority car parks may bemanaged to discouragecommuters; car parks ownedand operated by privatecompanies will have tariffs tomaximise revenue, which mayencourage all day parking,unless there are planningconditions or restrictivecovenants that prevent them.It is important that the tariffstructure includes both on-streetand off-street parking. A ParkingStrategy should address theissue of whether parking is to beencouraged on the street or inoff-street car parks, and the tariffstructure is a key measure forachieving this objective. Theactual structure will depend oncircumstances, as in thefollowing examples:●●Where off-street car parkshave provision for shoppers,the on-street tariff might beset to attract those stayingfor very short periods, forexample by setting amaximum stay of one hour.This makes parking easierfor those who only wish tostay a few minutes andreduces congestion in theaccesses and circulationareas of the off-street carparks; andWhere off-street car parksare under-used, and thereare plans to create higherquality public realm throughthe expansion of spaceavailable for pedestrian andrelated activity, the tariffcould include higher chargesfor on-street parking than forthe off-street parking. Thiswill reduce on-street parkingdemand, enabling the