IEA analysis of fossil-fuel subsidies for APEC

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Subsidies per capita (dollars per capita)Subsidies per capita (dollars per capita)Fossil-fuel consumption subsidies percapita and as a percentage of total GDPCountries with higher ratesCountries with lower rates3 0003002 500QatarKuwaitUAEScale (billion $)40250RussiaKazakhstanMalaysia2 000Saudi Arabia102001 500150ArgentinaThailand1 0005000BruneiLibyaEcuadorPakistanSee belowVenezuelaTurkmenistanAlgeriaIranIraqEgypt0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%Subsidies as a share of GDP (MER)100500ChinaMexicoChineseTaipeiSouth AfricaPhilippinesNigeriaAzerbaijanIndiaIndonesiaVietnamAPECOther0% 1% 2% 3% 4%Subsidies as a share of GDP (MER)© OECD/IEA 2011The economic cost of subsidies can be more completely understood when viewed as apercentage of GDP or on a per-capita basis
Billion dollarsMajor energy producers are amongthe biggest subsidisersFossil-fuel consumption subsidies by net importer and net exporter of oil and natural gasin APEC economies120Exporter100Importer8060402002007 2008 2009 2010© OECD/IEA 2011For net exporters of oil and gas in APEC economies, subsidies to those fuels totalled $74billion in 2010, compared with $31 billion in net-importing countries
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IEA analysis of fossil-fuel subsidies for APEC

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