Part 7. JUNCACEAE 2: Juncus - Species Plantarum Programme

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SPECIES PLANTARUM — FLORA OF THE WORLD (2002)
7a. Juncus kraussii Hochst. subsp. kraussii
Juncus spretus J.A.Schult. & J.H.Schult., in J.J.Roemer & J.A.Schultes, Syst. Veg., ed. 7, 2: 1655 (1830), nom.
inval. [not accepted by authors].
Juncus caffer Bertol., Mem. Reale Accad. Sci. Ist. Bologna 3: 253, Pl. 19, fig. 3 (1851). T: Mozambique,
'Inhambane Mocambici', 6 Dec 1848, Fornasinio, holo: BOLO.
Juncus fasciculiflorus Adamson, J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 50: 8 (1935). T: South Africa, Ceres, Zwartruggens,
R.S.Adamson 123; holo: BOL.
Juncus kraussii Hochst. var. parviflorus Adamson, J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 50: 8 (1935). T: South Africa, Buffalo R.,
15 miles from E London, 18 Jan 1930, R.S.Adamson 179; lecto: BOL, fide S.Snogerup, Willdenowia 23: 59 (1993).
Juncus kraussii Hochst. var. effusus Adamson, J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 50: 8 (1935). T: South Africa, Port
Alfred, 24 Dec 1898, Galpin 2946; lecto: K, fide S.Snogerup, Willdenowia 23: 59 (1993).
Illustration: S.Snogerup, Willdenowia 23: 60, fig. 16, A-G (1993).
Maps: H.Meusel, E.Jäger & E.Weinert, Vergl. Chorol. Zentraleur. Fl. 1: 84 (1965) [South African part of the
depicted range]; S.Snogerup, Willdenowia 23: 61, fig. 17 (1993).
Intravaginal shoots absent. Lower bract 5–20 (–40) cm long, including a sheath 1.5–4 cm
long. Inflorescence 5–20 × 3–7 (–10) cm, lax, usually broad but sometimes elongated by
subdivision in two parts, rarely congested to a few clusters, with 50–1000 heads. Heads
2–6-flowered. Most flowers functionally unisexual, male smaller than female; female flowers
with rudimentary filaments; male flowers with degenerating ovary and reduced stigmas.
Tepals 2.5–3 (–4) mm long. Stamens 6, c. 2/3 as long as tepals; anthers 1.3–1.6 mm long,
3.5–6.5 times as long as filaments; style 0.4–0.75 mm long; stigmas 1.0–1.3 (–1.8) mm long.
Capsule 2–2.5 (–3) mm long, equalling or exceeding tepals by up to 0.5 mm, trilocular with
distinct placental wings centrally; mucro 0–0.3 mm; seeds usually 25–35. Seeds 0.7–0.8 mm
long, or 0.8–0.9 mm long including appendages, 0.35–0.4 mm broad, 20–25-striate, with transverse
striae inconspicuous, c. 20 per longitudinal field; appendages small, unequal. Fig. 45.
Along the S and SE coast of southern Africa from the Cape to Mozambique. 26: MOZ.
27: CPP, LES, NAT, OFS. Slightly to strongly saline marshes, along rivers, rarely on coastal
sands, up to 1700 m. Map 182.
26. MOZAMBIQUE: Delagoa Bay, Inhaca Is., D.Weintroub 20451 (BOL); Lagoa Poelela, Inharrime,
E.Schelpe 4516 (BM, BOL). 27. SOUTH AFRICA: Cape Provinces, Milneston, Nov 1914, [Anonymous]
9164 (NBG); Cape Town, H.Bolus 4811 (BOL); Cape Provinces, Uitenhage, C.F.Ecklon & C.Zeyher 3 (LD);
C.F.Ecklon & C.Zeyher 4 (LD); KwaZulu Natal, Umtamvuna, R.G.Strey 7116 (K, PRE); Zululand, Mtungini,
Mogg 5869 (K, LD); Free State, Thaba Nehu, Roberts 2918 (PRE).
7b. Juncus kraussii subsp. australiensis (Buchenau) Snogerup, Willdenowia 23: 61 (1993)
Juncus maritimus Lam. var. australiensis Buchenau, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 12: 257 (1890). T: West Australia,
Swan River, 1839, J.Drummond, First Coll.; lecto: BM, fide S.Snogerup, Willdenowia 23: 61 (1993); possible
isolecto K, MEL.
Illustration: S.Snogerup, Willdenowia 23: 60, fig. 16, H–O (1993).
Maps: H.Meusel, E.Jäger & E.Weinert, Vergl. Chorol. Zentraleur. Fl. 1: 84 (1965) as J. maritimus
[Australasia]; S.Snogerup, Willdenowia 23: 62, fig. 18 (1993).
Intravaginal shoots sometimes present. Lower bract 4–40 cm long, including sheath
1.5–2.5 (–4) cm. Inflorescence 6–25 × 2.5–6 cm, usually elongated, sometimes conspicuously
bipartite, with 50–400 heads. Heads 3–6 (–10)-flowered. Most flowers hermaphrodite, rarely
some functionally female. Tepals 2.2–2.8 (–3.3) mm long. Stamens 6 (rarely 3), rarely in
some flowers all rudimentary; anthers 0.7–1.2 mm long, 1.3–2.5 times as long as filaments;
style 0.25–0.5 mm long; stigmas c. 1.5 mm long. Capsule 2–2.5 mm long, equalling or
exceeding tepals by up to 0.5 mm, trigono-ellipsoidal, acute to obtuse, glossy castaneous,
trilocular with distinct placental wings centrally; mucro up to 0.3 mm long; seeds usually
15–20 (–25). Seeds dark brown with one blackish blunter end, 0.6–0.8 (–0.9) mm long, or
0.7–1.0 mm long including appendages, 0.3–0.4 mm broad, ellipsoidal to obliquely ovoid,
(20–) 25–30-striate, with transverse striae inconspicuous; appendages small, unequal. Fig. 45.