32 SPECIES PLANTARUM — FLORA OF THE WORLD (2002) Figure 49. <strong>Juncus</strong> capensis. A, habit; B, flower head; C, flower. <strong>Juncus</strong> cephalotes. D, habit; E, flower; F, inner tepal. <strong>Juncus</strong> lomatophyllus. G, habit; H, flower. (A–C, mainly J.P.H.Acock 3733, K, S; D–F, mainly R.S.Adamson 224, BOL; G, H, mainly according to Hafström, 16 Dec 1934, LD). Scale bars: A, D, G = 5 cm; B–F, H = 3 mm. Drawn by © E.Smrčinová.
<strong>JUNCACEAE</strong> (<strong>Juncus</strong>) Maps: H.Weimarck, Svensk Bot. Tidskr. 40: 159, fig. 7 (1946); L.Croizat, Mem. Soc. Brot. 20: 85, map 135 (1968). Perennials, c. (10–) 15–25 (–45) cm tall, densely (rarely loosely) caespitose; rhizome usually short, vertical; stolons absent. Leaves basal, (5–) 10–20 (–28) cm long, filiform to narrowly linear, often ±dilated (to 5 mm) and hyaline-bordered at base, otherwise 0.8–1.5 (–3.0) mm wide, slightly canaliculate to subinvolute; sheaths initially closed, later split, with apex acute; auricles absent. Stem leafless, ±smooth. Lower bract narrow, leaf-like, usually 2.5–7 cm long, longer or seldom shorter than inflorescence. Inflorescence usually subcongested, an irregular head of 1–10 subsessile clusters, often with 1–3 (–5) clusters or groups of clusters pedunculate; peduncles short, c. 0.5–3.0 cm long; clusters at first hemispherical, later subglobose, c. 0.7–1.1 cm wide (groups of clusters to 2 cm wide); upper bracts c. 3.5 mm long, subaristate, ±scabrid. Tepals ±unequal; outer tepals lanceolate, acuminate, subaristate, carinate, c. 3.0–3.5 mm long, with central band prominent, sometimes scabrid, rarely pale; inner tepals ovate-lanceolate, subobtuse, c. 2.7–3.0 mm long, with margins broad, membranous. Stamens 3–6; anthers 0.4–0.5 mm long; filaments 0.6–0.8 mm long; style c. 0.2 (–0.3) mm long; stigmas patent, recurved, to c. 1 mm long. Capsule 3-locular, trigonous ovoid to subglobose, ±obtuse to subacute, c. 2.2–2.6 mm long; mucro c. 0.1 mm long; capsule segments c. 1.4–1.6 mm wide, shiny, castaneous-brown to blackish brown, ±shorter than perianth. Seeds ovoid, pale brown, faintly transversely reticulate, c. 0.3–0.5 × 0.25–0.35 mm; apex whitish apiculate. East Africa from S Sudan and Ethiopia to Cape Province, South Africa, and Cameroon. Edges of streams, swamps, and wet mountain areas in woodlands and grasslands. Two subspecies are recognized. Stamens 3 or 4–6; seeds (0.25–) 0.30–0.35 (–0.40) mm long; tepals pale brown to dark brown 13a. subsp. dregeanus Stamens 6, seeds 0.35–0.55 mm long, tepals blackish brown to dark brown 13b. subsp. bachitii 13a. <strong>Juncus</strong> dregeanus Kunth subsp. dregeanus <strong>Juncus</strong> submonocephalus Steud., Syn. Pl. Glumac. 2: 303 (1855); <strong>Juncus</strong> dregeanus var. submonocephalus (Steud.) Buchenau, Monogr. Junc. Cap 463 (1875) [Abh. Naturwiss. Ver. Bremen 4: 463 (1875)]. T: Cape, J.F.Drège 1604f; syn: W; J.F.Drège 1604c; syn: S. <strong>Juncus</strong> dregeanus var. conglomeratus Buchenau, Monogr. Junc. Cap 463 (1875) [Abh. Naturwiss. Ver. Bremen 4: 463 (1875)]. T: Hassagaibosch [Assegaaibos], C.F.Ecklon & C.Zeyher 10; syn: BOL, W; Albany, C.F.Ecklon; syn: n.v. <strong>Juncus</strong> diaphanus Buchenau, Monogr. Junc. Cap 442, tab. VII (1875) [Abh. Naturwiss. Ver. Bremen 4: 442, tab.VII (1875)]. T: Cape, Albany, H.Bolus 188*; holo: S. <strong>Juncus</strong> subcuneatus C.E.Moss ex Adamson, J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 50: 23 (1935); <strong>Juncus</strong> subcuneatus var. latifolius Adamson, J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 50: 23 (1935). T: Transvaal, Carolina, Rogers 21308; lecto: J, designated here. <strong>Juncus</strong> subcuneatus var. minor Adamson, J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 50: 23 (1935). T: Johannesburg, Rosebank, C.E.Moss 7986; holo: J, n.v. <strong>Juncus</strong> subglobosus C.E.Moss ex Adamson, J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 50: 24 (1935). T: Transvaal, Florida, C.E.Moss 7922bis; holo: J. <strong>Juncus</strong> dregeanus var. sphaerocephalus Adamson, J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 50: 21 (1935). T: Cape, Cape Flats, R.S.Adamson 234; lecto: BOL, fide A.A.Obermeyer, in A.A.Obermeyer, J.Lewis & R.B.Faden, Fl. S. Afr. 4/2: 84 (1985). <strong>Juncus</strong> mollifolius Hilliard & B.L.Burtt, Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 43: 367 (1986). T: Natal, Mpendhle distr., Mulangane Ridge above Carter’s Nek, ca. 7000 ft. 5 Feb 1984, O.Hilliard & B.L.Burtt 17596; holo: E; iso: E, K, NU, P, S. Illustration: F.G.P.Buchenau, Monogr. Junc. Cap plate 6 (1875). Map: A.A.Obermeyer, in A.A.Obermeyer, J.Lewis & R.B.Faden, Fl. S. Afr. 4/2: 84, map 67 (1985). Capitulum bracts scarious. Tepals pale brown, brown or dark brown. Stamens 3 or 4–6. Seeds c. (0.25–) 0.30–0.35 (–0.40) mm long. 33
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