Connoquenessing Creek Watershed Conservation Plan - Western ...

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Connoquenessing Creek Watershed Conservation PlanChapter 5. Cultural ResourcesWatershed education programs are offered through Pennsylvania State Parks, a part of DCNR.Programs provide school-aged children with field-learning experiences through hands-on activities.Moraine State Park, although not located in the project area, provides these programs for the greaterregion.Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection (DEP) provides a range of environmentaleducation opportunities. DEP hosts several workshops and conferences, attend community festivals,provide resource information, and educational programs. It is just one of the many groups that assist withthe Envirothon competitions, locally and statewide. An Envirothon is an environmental competition thatis designed to cultivate a desire to learn more about the natural environment. Not only do Envirothoncompetitions teach environmental facts and concepts, but they also instill an understanding of theecological and community factors that are involved in environmental decisions and actions.County Conservation Districts are active in educating citizens about the environment. They workwith local landowners, the agricultural com munity, industries, local governments, and other agencies toimplement best management practices. Conservation districts provide educational programs to school-events, and Envirothon competitions. Allegheny,aged children through school programs, communityBeaver, Butler, and Lawrence County Conservation Districts serve the watershed.Penn State Cooperative Extension w orks with individuals, families, businesses, communities, andschools through informal educational oppo rtunities. Local offices provide residents with easy access tothe resources and expertise of Pennsylvania State University through educational programs, publications,and events. There are offices in each county in Pennsylvania along with regional offices over seeing nineto 16 county offices. The project area is located within two different regional offices. Allegheny andBeaver counties are under the jurisdiction of the southwest region, while Butler and Lawrence countiesare under the jurisdiction of the northwest region.PA CleanWays is a non-profit organization empowering people to eliminate illegal dumping andlittering in Pennsylvania. Within the project area, there are two chapters – Allegheny County chapter andButler-Lawrence counties chapter. Chapters work to identify and clean-up illegal dumpsites and educatearea residents about the effects of illegal dumping and proper waste disposal. As of 2007, Beaver Countydoes not have a chapter.Connoquenessing Watershed Alliance attends variouscommunity festivals and events to educate residents about thewatershed in their backyards. In addition to encouragingcommunity members to get involved with their extensivemonitoring program, the group has been working with localschool districts to engage students in watershed efforts.Lutherlyn Environmental Education Program (LEEP)provides a variety of high quality environmental educationalprograms. LEEP provides field trips, teacher workshops,scouting programs, group outings, and maple sugaring trips.At its facility near Prospect, a three-story nature centerencourages learning about the environment.The Eberly Environmental EducationCenter, at Lutherlyn encouragesenvironmental learning in a naturalsettingHereford Manor Lakes Conservancy works with thePFBC to manage the Upper and Lower Hereford Manor Lakes. Educational efforts are geared toward thepreservation of the lakes, dams and fishing in the region. As quoted on the group’s Website, “Manypeople are not aware of the danger of losing this delicate watershed ecosystem. If the dams are breached5-11
Connoquenessing Creek Watershed Conservation PlanChapter 5. Cultural Resourceswe lose the lakes, if we lose the lakes we lose the fish and waterfowl, and the area becomes an ugly strip-mined scar” (Hereford Manor Lakes Conservancy and Watershed Group, Inc).Archaeological ResourcesArtifacts could be found anywhere people worked, lived, or recreated documenting their history, aslong as these materials survived over time. Artifacts are archaeological evidence, such as bits and piecesof objects that were made, used, discarded, or lost through daily activities. This evidence often representsthe only surviving record of an era, and can provide new information about where, when, and how peoplelived (Society for Pennsylvania Archaeology, Inc., 2004).Collecting and preserving artifacts requires certain procedures for identification and documentation.Knowing the exact location where each artifact was found is essential. All collectors, amateur andprofessional are encouraged to register their findings. The Pennsylvania Historic Museum Commission(PHMC) maintains a statewide registration program for archaeological discoveries known as thePennsylvania Archaeological Site Survey or PASS.Historical ResourcesHistorical OverviewAllegheny County was created on September 24, 1788, fromWestmoreland and Washington counties, and named for the Allegheny River,which flows through it. Then, on March 12, 1800, portions of the county weresplit to form Butler and Beaver counties. Butler County, named for GeneralRichard Butler, comprises Donation and Depreciation Lands granted tocompensateRevolutionary War veterans. Beaver County created fromportions of Washington County named for the Beaver River (PennsylvaniaState Achieves).On March 20, 1849, Lawrence County formed from portions of Beaverand Mercer counties. For the first flagship of Commodore Oliver HazardPerry, the USS Lawrence, named in honor of Captain James Lawrence,Lawrence County was named (Pennsylvania State Achieves).Historical marker located atthe Butler CountyCourthousePrehistoric PeriodThe prehistoric period, the time before European contact, is named that because there is no writtenrecord for historians to study. This period of time is also referred to as the pre-contact or pre-Columbianperiod.Before European settlers first stepped foot in Pennsylvania, Native Americans were commonthroughout the commonwealth. As Europeans came, they brought with them many new technologies andgoods, such as copper kettles, sharpened iron tools, and European woven cloths. Native Americans wouldtrade animal pelts and land for these goods, becoming dependent on European trade (Burkett).However, not all European influences were beneficial to Native Americans. Diseases and alcoholhad devastating results on Native American communities and on their physical and social well-being. Bythe 1800s, the majority of Native Americans had been forced from Pennsylvania to Ohio, Canada, orfurther west. Those who remained tried to blend in by changing their names, religion, customs, and jobs.5-12
Page 4 and 5:
Connoquenessing Creek Watershed Con
Page 6 and 7:
Page 8 and 9:
Page 10 and 11:
Page 12 and 13:
Page 14:
Page 18 and 19:
Page 20 and 21:
Page 22 and 23:
Page 24:
Page 27 and 28:
Page 29 and 30:
Page 31 and 32:
Page 33 and 34:
Page 35 and 36:
Page 37 and 38:
Page 39 and 40:
Page 41 and 42:
Page 43 and 44:
Page 45 and 46:
Page 47 and 48:
Page 49 and 50:
Page 51 and 52:
Page 53 and 54:
Page 55 and 56:
Page 57 and 58:
Page 59 and 60:
Page 61 and 62:
Page 63 and 64:
Page 65 and 66:
Page 67 and 68:
Page 69 and 70:
Page 71 and 72:
Page 73 and 74:
Page 75 and 76:
Page 77 and 78:
Page 79 and 80: Connoquenessing Creek Watershed Con
Page 129: Connoquenessing Creek Watershed Con
Page 181 and 182:
Page 183 and 184:
Page 185 and 186:
Page 187 and 188:
Page 189 and 190:
Page 191 and 192:
Page 193 and 194:
Page 195 and 196:
Page 197 and 198:
Page 199 and 200:
Page 201 and 202:
Page 203 and 204:
Page 205 and 206:
Page 207 and 208:
Page 209 and 210:
Page 211 and 212:
Page 213 and 214:
Page 215 and 216:
Page 217 and 218:
Page 219 and 220:
Page 221 and 222:
Page 223 and 224:
Page 225 and 226:
Page 227 and 228:
Page 229 and 230:
Page 231 and 232:
Page 233 and 234:
Page 235 and 236:
Page 237 and 238:
Page 239 and 240:
Page 241 and 242:
Page 243 and 244:
Page 245 and 246:
Page 247 and 248:
Page 249 and 250:
Page 251:
Page 254 and 255:
Page 257 and 258:
Page 259 and 260:
Page 261 and 262:
Page 263 and 264:
Page 265 and 266:
Page 267 and 268:
Page 269 and 270:
Page 271 and 272:
Page 273 and 274:
Page 275 and 276:
Page 277:
Page 280 and 281:
Page 282 and 283:
Page 284 and 285:
Page 286 and 287:
Page 288 and 289:
Page 290 and 291:
Page 293 and 294:
Page 295 and 296:
Page 297 and 298:
Page 299:
Page 302 and 303:
Page 304 and 305:
Page 306 and 307:
Page 308 and 309:
Page 310 and 311:
Page 312 and 313:
Page 314 and 315:
Page 316 and 317:
Page 318 and 319:
Page 320 and 321:
Page 323 and 324:
Page 325 and 326:
Page 327 and 328:
Page 329 and 330:
Page 331 and 332:
Page 333 and 334:
Page 335 and 336:
Page 337:
Page 340 and 341:
Page 342 and 343:
Page 344 and 345:
Page 346 and 347:
Page 348 and 349:
Page 350 and 351:
Page 352 and 353:
Page 354 and 355:
Page 356 and 357:
Page 358 and 359:
Page 360:
show all

Connoquenessing Creek Watershed Conservation Plan - Western ...

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?