Texas, USA 2010 - International Herbage Seed Group

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There may be potential to improve seed yield through selection of material from the positivelyskewed tail of the production curve. However, only 13 plants produced >60 g seed plant -1 andscreening for seed yield earlier in the breeding programme or screening larger numbers in afamily structured population may result in greater advancement.The best predictor of seed yield was the number of inflorescences (Figure 2), in agreement withpast literature (Oliva et al., 1994; Herrmann et al., 2006). However, the length of florets and thedate of peak flowering were not related to seed yield. The interaction between inflorescencenumber (Figure 3), pollinator type, pollination method (proper vs. side cut) and seed yield is notfully understood (Clifford and Scott, 1989). In both open and caged situations, the number offlowers successfully pollinated is variable (Rao et al., 2007). Variation in pollinator visitation inred clover may result for multiple reasons including different levels of nectar, or colour, size andshape of the inflorescence and environmental and geographical conditions (Shuel, 1952; Brian,1954; Marden, 1984). Further work with plant and pollinator interactions will lead to bettermanagement and increased red clover seed production.Another consideration in selecting red clover plants for reproductive and agronomic performancefrom the spaced plant system is plant density and subsequent growth habit compared withproduction systems. In New Zealand, red clover seed producers typically sow diploid cultivars at5-6 kg ha -1 in 30 cm rows and plants stand erect, reaching 50 cm height with ease. Sown on850 mm squares, New Zealand‟s grazing-type material typically lie prostrate or only semi-erect.The influence of this on successfully selecting material for pastoral applications is currentlyunder investigation.ConclusionsThe experiment identified large differences in seed yield within a breeding pool of red clover andsuggests that breeders could improve the seed yield potential of new cultivars by including seedyield as a breeding objective. There is also a need to better understand the interaction betweenplant spacing, selection and performance in a pastoral situation.Acknowledgement. Grasslands Innovation Ltd funded the research.Anonymous. 2009. Seed certification statistics 2008-2009. Palmerston North, New Zealand:AsureQuality New Zealand LtdBrian, A. D. 1954. The foraging of bumble bees. Bee world, 35, 61-67.Clifford, P. T. P. and Scott, D. 1989. Inflorescence, bumble bee, and climate interactions in seedcrops of a tetraploid red clover (Trifolium pratense L.). Journal of Applied SeedProduction, 7, 38-45.Herrmann, D., Boller, B., Studer, B., Widmer, F. and Kolliker, R. 2006. QTL analysis of seedyield components in red clover. Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 112, 536-545.123
Marden, J. H. 1984. Remote perception of floral nectar by bumblebees. Oecologia, 64, 232-240.Oliva, R. N., Steiner, J. J. and Young III, W. C. 1994. Red clover seed production: II. Plant waterstatus on yield and yield components. Crop Science, 34, 184-192.Rao, S., Stephen, W. P. and Bergh, J. E. 2007. Comparison of red clover pollination bycommercial and native bees in seed production fields in the Willamette valley. In: W. C.Young III, (ed). Seed Production Research: Oregon State University Publication, Vol.127, 59-61Shuel, R. W. 1952. Some factors affecting nectar secretion in red clover. Plant Physiology, 27,95-110.124
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Proceedings of the 7th Internationa
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Table of ContentsORAL PRESENTATIONS
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Seed yield components and yield per
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International Herbage Seed Conferen
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16:15 - 16:30 Reliability of salini
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Hotel expense is covered for night
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40,000 were slaves (McDonald, 2007)
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Fig. 1. Texas AgriLife Research and
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$7 billion for cattle, $3 billion f
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principle and encourages both AgriL
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eceived by growers, the above perce
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seed conditioning plants are locate
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Table 4.Hectares of open-field burn
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system, a seed crop is produced fro
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Fig. 1. Land resource areas of Texa
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y land owners. Seed yields are low
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The influence of planting density o
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Simple correlation and regression a
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Variation in seed shattering in a g
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Seed retention (SR) was calculated
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mm160120Precipitation8040020Km h -1
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Young, B. A. (1986). A Source of Re
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Several methods are commonly used f
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Table 3. Effect of the length of ha
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Alfalfa seed production in semi-hum
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Rather near the meteorological stat
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ReferencesBolaños-Aguilar E.D., Hu
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ased bioenergy conversion plants wa
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Table 1. Average distances required
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Figure 1. Optimized locations for 1
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Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne
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Relative Seed Yieldsingle composite
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Flowers, M.D.; Hart, J.M.; Young II
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Thus, similar to tissue tests, remo
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Conclusion:Perhaps our most importa
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Modelling critical NDVI curves in p
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The five spectral reflectance measu
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Harvest loss in ryegrass seed crops
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Larger than expected harvest losses
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Rolston, P.; Trethewey, J.; McCloy,
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Optical sensors have the potential
Page 83 and 84: Figure 2. Seed yield response to ap
Page 85 and 86: Flowers, M. D., Hart, J.M., Young I
Page 87 and 88: In 2010, France has launched the fo
Page 89 and 90: Yield (% maximum)ConclusionThe resu
Page 91 and 92: Plant N uptakeN unavailableSoil nit
Page 93 and 94: Stresses associated with germinatio
Page 95 and 96: correspond to electrical conductivi
Page 97 and 98: applied later in the fall was more
Page 99 and 100: Figure 2. Establishment of five ove
Page 101 and 102: The seed vigour testing was perform
Page 103 and 104: Table 1. Germination index (GI) for
Page 105 and 106: Reliability of salinity screening L
Page 107 and 108: AcknowledgmentThis research was sup
Page 109 and 110: Table 2. Greenhouse salinity screen
Page 111 and 112: The seeds were collected from the A
Page 113 and 114: increases germination to its potent
Page 115 and 116: Light, lodging and flag leaves-what
Page 117 and 118: Relative seed yieldSeed yield (kg/h
Page 119 and 120: Hampton, J.G.; Clemence, T.G.A.; He
Page 121 and 122: The seed set is of major importance
Page 123 and 124: In grass species with poor seed ret
Page 125 and 126: support system to optimize fungicid
Page 127 and 128: weather stations in grass seed fiel
Page 129 and 130: ust resistance loci in Lolium peren
Page 131 and 132: Seed yield variation in a red clove
Page 133: 100Seed yield plant -1 (g)806040200
Page 137 and 138: Crimson clover seed production in t
Page 139 and 140: Piper, C.V. 1935. Forage plants and
Page 141 and 142: deal of investigation into the caus
Page 143 and 144: genes and subsequent ability to pro
Page 145 and 146: Gatenby, W.A., S.C. Munday-Finch, A
Page 147 and 148: Control of Vulpia myuros in red fes
Page 149 and 150: The strip design provides an opport
Page 151 and 152: The pot experiments did not reveale
Page 153 and 154: CharacterWeed abundance1 A few plan
Page 155 and 156: Jensen, P. K. (2010) Longevity of s
Page 157 and 158: Effects of intraspecific competitio
Page 159 and 160: flowering, Gangi accumulated a high
Page 161 and 162: The seed yield of Gangi was, on ave
Page 163 and 164: Seed yield components and yield per
Page 165 and 166: ResultsVariation among populations
Page 167 and 168: Table 2. Means of total seeds per p
Page 169 and 170: Ryle, G. J. (1970). Partition of As
Page 171 and 172: Control of Apion trifolii in red cl
Page 173 and 174: Number of seeds /inflorescencesimil
Page 175 and 176: population. However, in spite of th
Page 177 and 178: Corvallis where they were debearded
Page 179 and 180: Table 1. Effect of Palisade growth
Page 181 and 182: Variations on potential and harvest
Page 183 and 184: Determination of optimum desiccatio
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Relative seed yield (%)Flowers/m225
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Harvesting too soon after peak flow
Page 189 and 190:
Annual ryegrass seed production in
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seed yield, kg/haExtractable Al, mg
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ReferencesHaby, V.A. (1995). Soil m
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Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L
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urn residue management (Fig. 1 and
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Comparing herbicide selectivity in
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Development of new tetraploid Chlor
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Following 4 (or 5) cycles of select
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Loch, D.S., Rethman, N.F.G. & van N
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KBGcocksfootHykorLofatimothymeadowf
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Figure 2 Relative seed yield (%) se
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and GA 4 . In consequence this inac
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Table 1 The effect of trinexapac-et
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Silberstein, T.B., Young, W.C. III,
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inflorescece number and seed yield
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Germination of Lolium multiflorum g
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Effect of sowing density on seed yi
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y-products of this grass seed crop
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Table 2. Effect of PGR on seed yiel
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Further culm length measurements ga
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chlorophyllometer. Measurements wer
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Table 2. Photosynthesis rate of fla
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Organization of grass seed research
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Path Coefficient and Ridge Regressi
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through y4 (0.133). Increasing y 1
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Newell G.J., Lee B. (1981)Ridge reg
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Relative humidity, seed moisture co
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Ergovaline contents in grasses from
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11.8 % (Central East) to 40.0% (Nor
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ReferencesBony, S. & Delatour, P. (
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Long-term Evaluation of Annual Ryeg
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seed yield. All systems of establis
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Preliminary results after four year
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Casals, Marie-LaureFNAMSImpasse du
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Mao, PeishengForage Seed LabChina A
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Vanasche, DavidVanasche Farm36130 N
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