Texas, USA 2010 - International Herbage Seed Group

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Relative seed yield, %showed a sharp increase at approximately pH 4.7, Fig. 1. At soil pH 4.7, the extractable Al wasapproximately 100 mg/kg. Maximum annual ryegrass seed yield was measured when theextractable Al was below 100 mg/kg, supporting the choice of a soil pH 4.7 as threshold valuefor sufficient Al to limit root growth in this area.Even when KCl extractable Al was three times the amount where toxicity was thought to affectroot growth, 300 mg/kg, seed yields were above the industry average of 2240 kg ha-1. Onepossible reason that seed yield was maintained under these conditions was an Al-complex byorganic acids, thus ameliorating the effect of Al toxicity on root growth. This explanation ispossible since total soil C at the site was 2.5 %. Another possibility is that the Gulf annualryegrass cultivar grown in Oregon has developed tolerance to lower pH conditions. The seedstock of Gulf annual ryegrass used in this trial came from fields with similar low soil pH. Theseare plausible reasons for the annual ryegrass to grow well in acidic conditions.Even though a reasonable relationship exists between KCl extractable Al and annual ryegrassseed yield, use of extractable Al to predict lime need is not recommended. The test is notuniversally available and critical Al levels are expected to vary with soil and crop. The strongrelationship between KCl extractable Al and soil pH shown in Figure 1 shows that soil pH is anadequate indicator of the amount of Al in the soil and therefore, need for lime.Data from the last two years of this project can be used to show that soil pH adequately indicateslime need. The relative seed yield and soil pH data was sorted into to groups, above 5.3 andbelow 5.3. The two groups of data plotted in Figure 3 support the OSU recommendation thatlime is needed when the soil pH is below 5.5. Yield decreases as soil pH decreases when the pHis below 5.5 and yield does not change as the soil pH increases when the pH is above 5.5.1201008060402004.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0Soil pHFigure 3. Annual ryegrass relative seed yield as changed by soil pH below 5.3, open diamonds, andabove 5.3, solid squares.Annual ryegrass seed yield increases with lime application on strongly acid soils. A low rate ofgranular lime is an economical option for maintaining seed yield when the soil pH is below 5.5.Conventionally incorporated lime applications, provide greater assurance of increasing soil pH,reducing extractable Al, and increasing seed yields on acidic soils of the Willamette Valley.181
ReferencesHaby, V.A. (1995). Soil management and fertility practices for annual ryegrass. In: Symposiumon Annual Ryegrass, Texas A&M University, Tyler, TX (August 31-September 1, 1995)Hart, J.M., M.E. Mellbye, W.C. Young III, and T. Silberstein. (2003). Nutrient Management forAnnual Ryegrass Grown for Seed (Western Oregon). Oregon State University Extension ServiceEM 8854-E. Corvallis, OR.182
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Proceedings of the 7th Internationa
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Table of ContentsORAL PRESENTATIONS
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Seed yield components and yield per
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International Herbage Seed Conferen
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16:15 - 16:30 Reliability of salini
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Hotel expense is covered for night
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40,000 were slaves (McDonald, 2007)
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Fig. 1. Texas AgriLife Research and
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$7 billion for cattle, $3 billion f
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principle and encourages both AgriL
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eceived by growers, the above perce
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seed conditioning plants are locate
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Table 4.Hectares of open-field burn
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system, a seed crop is produced fro
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Fig. 1. Land resource areas of Texa
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y land owners. Seed yields are low
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The influence of planting density o
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Simple correlation and regression a
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Variation in seed shattering in a g
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Seed retention (SR) was calculated
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mm160120Precipitation8040020Km h -1
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Young, B. A. (1986). A Source of Re
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Several methods are commonly used f
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Table 3. Effect of the length of ha
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Alfalfa seed production in semi-hum
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Rather near the meteorological stat
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ReferencesBolaños-Aguilar E.D., Hu
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ased bioenergy conversion plants wa
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Table 1. Average distances required
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Figure 1. Optimized locations for 1
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Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne
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Relative Seed Yieldsingle composite
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Flowers, M.D.; Hart, J.M.; Young II
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Thus, similar to tissue tests, remo
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Conclusion:Perhaps our most importa
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Modelling critical NDVI curves in p
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The five spectral reflectance measu
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Harvest loss in ryegrass seed crops
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Larger than expected harvest losses
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Rolston, P.; Trethewey, J.; McCloy,
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Optical sensors have the potential
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Figure 2. Seed yield response to ap
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Flowers, M. D., Hart, J.M., Young I
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In 2010, France has launched the fo
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Yield (% maximum)ConclusionThe resu
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Plant N uptakeN unavailableSoil nit
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Stresses associated with germinatio
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correspond to electrical conductivi
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applied later in the fall was more
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Figure 2. Establishment of five ove
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The seed vigour testing was perform
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Table 1. Germination index (GI) for
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Reliability of salinity screening L
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AcknowledgmentThis research was sup
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Table 2. Greenhouse salinity screen
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The seeds were collected from the A
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increases germination to its potent
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Light, lodging and flag leaves-what
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Relative seed yieldSeed yield (kg/h
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Hampton, J.G.; Clemence, T.G.A.; He
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The seed set is of major importance
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In grass species with poor seed ret
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support system to optimize fungicid
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weather stations in grass seed fiel
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ust resistance loci in Lolium peren
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Seed yield variation in a red clove
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100Seed yield plant -1 (g)806040200
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Marden, J. H. 1984. Remote percepti
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Crimson clover seed production in t
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Piper, C.V. 1935. Forage plants and
Page 141 and 142: deal of investigation into the caus
Page 143 and 144: genes and subsequent ability to pro
Page 145 and 146: Gatenby, W.A., S.C. Munday-Finch, A
Page 147 and 148: Control of Vulpia myuros in red fes
Page 149 and 150: The strip design provides an opport
Page 151 and 152: The pot experiments did not reveale
Page 153 and 154: CharacterWeed abundance1 A few plan
Page 155 and 156: Jensen, P. K. (2010) Longevity of s
Page 157 and 158: Effects of intraspecific competitio
Page 159 and 160: flowering, Gangi accumulated a high
Page 161 and 162: The seed yield of Gangi was, on ave
Page 163 and 164: Seed yield components and yield per
Page 165 and 166: ResultsVariation among populations
Page 167 and 168: Table 2. Means of total seeds per p
Page 169 and 170: Ryle, G. J. (1970). Partition of As
Page 171 and 172: Control of Apion trifolii in red cl
Page 173 and 174: Number of seeds /inflorescencesimil
Page 175 and 176: population. However, in spite of th
Page 177 and 178: Corvallis where they were debearded
Page 179 and 180: Table 1. Effect of Palisade growth
Page 181 and 182: Variations on potential and harvest
Page 183 and 184: Determination of optimum desiccatio
Page 185 and 186: Relative seed yield (%)Flowers/m225
Page 187 and 188: Harvesting too soon after peak flow
Page 189 and 190: Annual ryegrass seed production in
Page 191: seed yield, kg/haExtractable Al, mg
Page 195 and 196: Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L
Page 197 and 198: urn residue management (Fig. 1 and
Page 199 and 200: Comparing herbicide selectivity in
Page 201 and 202: Development of new tetraploid Chlor
Page 203 and 204: Following 4 (or 5) cycles of select
Page 205 and 206: Loch, D.S., Rethman, N.F.G. & van N
Page 207 and 208: KBGcocksfootHykorLofatimothymeadowf
Page 209 and 210: Figure 2 Relative seed yield (%) se
Page 211 and 212: and GA 4 . In consequence this inac
Page 213 and 214: Table 1 The effect of trinexapac-et
Page 215 and 216: Silberstein, T.B., Young, W.C. III,
Page 217 and 218: inflorescece number and seed yield
Page 219 and 220: Germination of Lolium multiflorum g
Page 221 and 222: Effect of sowing density on seed yi
Page 223 and 224: y-products of this grass seed crop
Page 225 and 226: Table 2. Effect of PGR on seed yiel
Page 227 and 228: Further culm length measurements ga
Page 229 and 230: chlorophyllometer. Measurements wer
Page 231 and 232: Table 2. Photosynthesis rate of fla
Page 233 and 234: Organization of grass seed research
Page 235 and 236: Path Coefficient and Ridge Regressi
Page 237 and 238: through y4 (0.133). Increasing y 1
Page 239 and 240: Newell G.J., Lee B. (1981)Ridge reg
Page 241 and 242: Relative humidity, seed moisture co
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Ergovaline contents in grasses from
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11.8 % (Central East) to 40.0% (Nor
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ReferencesBony, S. & Delatour, P. (
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Long-term Evaluation of Annual Ryeg
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seed yield. All systems of establis
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Preliminary results after four year
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Casals, Marie-LaureFNAMSImpasse du
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Mao, PeishengForage Seed LabChina A
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Vanasche, DavidVanasche Farm36130 N
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Texas, USA 2010 - International Herbage Seed Group

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