Endophytic fungi from Vitis vinifera L. isolated in Canary Islands and ...

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The evolution of the growth and fructification stages ofclingstones in the conditions of south-eastern RomaniaLamureanu Gh 1 ., Caplan I. 1 , Moale Cristina 1 , Oprita.V.A. 1 , Alexe Constanţa *21 Research Station for Fruit Growing Constanţa; 2 Research and Development Institute for Processing andMarketing of the Horticultural Products – Bucharest*Corresponding author. Email: tantialexe@yahoo.comAbstract The goals of this paper are to establish the biological value ofcertain clingstone varieties and selections in the conditions provided by theDobrogea area, the clingstone being a special type of peach which is used forprocessing. Dobrogea provides climatic conditions which are highly favorablefor the cultivation of peach trees; the varieties and hybrids which have beenstudied may present certain variations as concerns the phenologicalmanifestation in various cultivation areas, mainly due to repeatedhybridizations throughout time. The growth and fructification stages aregenetic characteristics of varieties and represent the latter‟s ability to adapt toenvironmental conditions.The phenological observations and the biometrical measurements concerningthe plants have been performed upon two comparative contest crops,established in 1992 and 1999, respectively. The purpose of this research is tohighlight the most valuable varieties and selections obtained by improversfrom Constanţa, as well as the genotypes introduced from abroad, which bestadapted to the pedo-climatic conditions of Dobrogea. Also, we intend to bringa contribution to the improvement of the industrial peach assortment, bymeans of promoting certain valuable varieties and hybrids as suitable forproduction. The results presented in this paper are the consequence ofresearch which took place between 2008 and 2011 on contest cropsbelonging to S.C.D.P. Constanţa. Owing to this research, the most valuablegenotypes will be recommended for extension within demonstrativeallotments and commercial plantations.Key wordsbuds, sprouts, blossoming,active thermal sumStudies regarding the resistance to fall of winter oat genotypesMadoşă E. 1* , Velicevici Giancarla 1 , Vasilescu Nora 1 , Avadanei C. 1 , Ciulca S. 1 , Bîtea Nicoleta 11 Banat‟s University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Timisoara, Faculty of Horticulture andForestry*Corresponding author: Email: madosae@yahoo.comAbstract Researches aimed the evaluation of a collection consisting ofwinter oats foreign cultivars on fall resistance. The fall is a frequentphenomenon in oats culture. Improving resistance to failure can be achievedby selection. The study of germplasm as a source of genes, providesapplication of modern selection methods, marker assisted selection. Studieshave found that the fall intensity is dependent on genotype and favoringclimatic conditions. Experienced collection has variability in the resistance tofailure and can be recommended as a source of genes for breeding process.Florina variety is a medium resistant variety, to which the genotypes:Earlygrain, Jeferson, 834-4-1-33412, PA 725-4787,4492,5029, Gerald,Nuptiale, Solva, Valiant, Barra, Carie, Krypton, Chamois, had higher behaviorKey wordswinter oat, fall resistance,genotypes
Evaluation of the genetically modified corn resistance to fungalinfectionPopescu Sorina*, Ioja-Boldura Oana Maria** Banat University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Timisoara, Romania*Corresponding author. Email: biotehnologii_usab@yahoo.comAbstract The genus Fusarium has a global distribution and many speciesin the genus are phytopathogenic fungi infecting a wide range of crop plantsincluding cereals such as maize, wheat, oat and barley. Insect pests of cornare often involved in the disease cycles of ear rot and stalk rot diseases. TheEuropean corn borer is particularly well known for its involvement in thesediseases. Bt corn is a variant of maize, genetically modified to express thebacterial Bt toxin, which protect the plants against this pest, thereforereducing the intensity of Fusarium contamination. PCR based methods weresuccessfully applied in the screening for identification of contamination withpathogenic fungi for the corn samples. 14 corn samples, GM andconventional were subjected to PCR screening in order to detect thepresence of three Fusarium species. The presence of Fusariun proliferatumwas not detected in the GM corn samples. All three tested Fusarium species,were found in the analyzed samples, in average conventional corn being themost affected.Key wordsBt corn, contamination,Fusarium ssp., detection,PCRFusarium strain identification in complex feeds from RomanianmarketIoja-Boldura Oana Maria 1 , Popescu Sorina 11 Banat University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Timisoara*Corresponding author. Email: biotehnologii_usab@yahoo.comAbstract Fusarium contamination is a major agricultural problem asquality and yield can be reduced, but more importantly many species in thegenus produce mycotoxins responsible for serious diseases in humans andfarm animals. The most common mycotoxine in cereals is deoxynivalenol(DON) produced by certain isolates of Fusarium spp., being prevalentworldwide in crops used for food and feed production. Identification ofFusarium species is critical to predict the potential mycotoxigenic risk of thecereals, therefore the development of an accurate and complementarymethod which permits a rapid, sensitive and reliable specific diagnosis ofFusarium species, is necessary. DNA based approaches applied in this studyhave been already reported as rapid, sensitive and specific alternatives toidentify the main trichothecene-producing Fusarium species. The biologicalmaterial consisted of eight samples of commercial feeds were all positive forFusarium species and therefore being suitable for further identification ofthose pathogenic organisms. In addition two of toxins biosynthetic genes werealso detected. Therefore, this method proved to be suitable in screening offorage samples, in order to detect their contamination.Key wordsFusariumssp.,mycotoxines, feed products,screening, PCR
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Endophytic fungi from Vitis vinifera L. isolated in Canary Islands and ...

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