Endophytic fungi from Vitis vinifera L. isolated in Canary Islands and ...

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Aspects regarding the physiology of cuscuta (Cuscuta L.Convolvulaceae)Tănase Maria 1 *, Sand Camelia 11 “Lucian Blaga” University of Sibiu*Corresponding author. Email: maritanase@yahoo.comAbstract Many species of Cuscuta contain a small amount of chlorophyll;and while both chlorophyll a and b are present in normal proportions, theyonly occur in a very low concentration. Several authors have demonstratedthe capacity of Cuscuta for photosynthesis, making use of CO2 14 . Fer hasdemonstrated that Cuscuta exposed to strong air illumination, with a CO 2concentration much higher than the normal atmospheric CO 2 concentration,fixes more CO 2 during the photosynthesis process than the amount producedby means of respiration in both independently living seedlings and in the stemexcised from the host.The migration of assimilates is only occurring acropetally, notonly in the case of the plantula, but also in the case of the mature parasite.The entirely acropetal migration of assimilates can be explained by theattracting effect exerted by the terminal sprout, as well as by the lateralsprouts situated on the subterminal part of the branch. The rudimentary rootof the plantula does not have a meristem [19]; [12]; [28]; [23]; and theabsence of a downward migration within the plantula thus appearing to bedetermined by the absence of the radicular meristem [9].Key wordsCuscutasp.,photosynthesis, chlorophylla and b, assimilatetransportResearch on the spreading of cuscuta in South-EastTransylvania – RomaniaTanase Maria 1* , Sand Camelia 1 , Gheorghe Maria 2 , Moise Cristina 1 , Stanciu Mirela 1 ,Antonie Iuliana 11 University “Lucian Blaga” Sibiu; 2 Romanian Academy*Corresponding author. Email: maritanase@yahoo.comAbstract Cuscuta (dodder) species are holoparasitic anthophytes, almostentirely deprived of roots, but having filamentary stems; and attackingnumerous host plants, on which they fix themselves by means of haustoria.The economic losses determined by the presence of the dodder are ratherdifficult to support by developing countries, especially by those which are inneed of agricultural development. In the region on which the research hasbeen carried out, the most common species occurring in grasslands andperennial leguminous forages have been: Cuscuta campestris (Yuncker),Cuscuta epithymum (Murray (L.) Noth.) and Cuscuta trifolii (Babington). Thepresence of Cuscuta on cultures can cause substantial damages not only inour country, but in all countries with a warm and temperate climate, in which itis regarded as a quarantine parasite. [5]The Cuscuta species have developed certain means of adaptation inorder to increase their rate of success: a late seed germination, when hostplantsare relatively well-developed; a rather high degree of independencewhich can ensure its survival during a quite long period of autotrophic life(maximum of one month); the invasion of the host plant by extremelyelaborated and complicated means, etc. Cuscuta disseminates to a largeKey wordsCuscuta sp,. host plants,quarantine parasite,spreading
extent by means of its seeds, which are extremely numerous and small, andwhich keep the germination in deposits over a period of between 10-12 years,or even up to 40 years [24], and in the ground or in stable garbage for up to 5-6 years. It also disseminates by means of filaments or segments of filaments,which are vegetative forms of this plant and which can be spread by means ofanimals or people walking in the grasslands and in the infected crops. Thisstudy‟s aim is to monitor various Cuscuta species, as well as their spreadingon different host plants, thus causing a significant crop decrease.Establishment of in vitro multiplication biotechnology of thespecies Albizzia lebbeck L.Tudor Radu C.M. 1 *NRDIBH Stefăneşti Argeş*Corresponding author. Email: mihai_radutudor@yahoo.co.ukAbstract This paper aims to establish a in vitro biotechnology for Albizzialebbeck species, because there was an increase in requests for suchdomestic plants and classic multiplying seed yield is below 50%, but also inthe future to study if the concentration of substances used in pharmaceuticalfound in micro cuts are economically satisfactory.For this settled culture media for initiate cultures in vitro,multiplication and rooting. All utensils used in the in vitro multiplication weresterilized before each use and culture media were autoclaved. After eachstage the plants were kept in growth chambers at a temperature of 240C, a16-hour photoperiod and light intensity of 300 lux. The results obtained weregood, so for initiation phase rates was 57 percent, for multiplication phasewas obtained an average of 6 micro cuts / explant, and the rooting percentagewas 84.The results recommend this technology for its use on an industrialscale.Key wordsin vitro culture, Albizzialebbeck, initiation,multiplicatre, rootingAssessment of genetic stability of plants obtained in vitro fromAlbizzia lebbeck and Albizzia julibrissin using RAPD markersTudor Radu C.M. 1 *1 NRDIBH Stefăneşti Argeş*Corresponding author. Email: mihai_radutudor@yahoo.co.ukAbstract This research paper is the outcome of establishing abiotechnology in vitro clonal multiplication of two species of the genus Albizzia(Albizzia lebbeck Albizzia julibrissin and.Once the plants obtained by in vitro culture is necessary to see if they aregenetically identical to mother plants from which explants were taken.For this leaves were taken from both the donor mother plants and explantsfrom 10 regenerated each species were used for DNA extraction.A standard PCR reaction is performed in a volume of 25 ml whichare: polymerase, dNTP, MgCl2, primers, distilled water free of nucleases andDNA matrix containing the sequence to be amplified. The reaction mixture isdone once and for all samples to be amplified, then distributed in 0.2 mlEppendorf tubes. These operations are executed in a mini-cabinet PCR onKey wordsPCR, RAPD, Albizziajulibrissin, Albizzia lebbeck
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Endophytic fungi from Vitis vinifera L. isolated in Canary Islands and ...

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