Sustainable Forest Finance Toolkit - PwC

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Challenges and problems associated with the world’s forestsClimate changeLand use change to agriculture, andforestry activity, producesapproximately 17% of globalemissions, making it the third largestsource of greenhouse gas emissions.Eliasch Review, 2008BiodiversityApproximately 60% of the world’sexamined ecosystems, including forestryecosystems, have been degraded in thepast 50 years by human activity.The Economics of Ecosystems & Biodiversity, 2008Forest dwellers800 million people in rural tropical areaslive in or around vulnerable forests andwoodlands and depend on them forsurvival.World Bank, News article, 2006DeforestationSince 1980, global forest cover hasreduced by 225 mln ha due to humanaction. Deforestation in the tropicsremoves an estimated 13 mln ha, thesize of England, every year.Eliasch Review, 2008Forest certificationOver 320 mln ha of forests arecertified. Yet, this is only 13% of themanaged forests worldwide, primarilythose in developed countries.UNECE and FAO, Forest Products Annual Market Review, 2008Illegal loggingIllegal logging on public lands worldwideis estimated to cause annual losses inrevenues and assets in excess of $10bln.World Bank, Combating Illegal Logging in Africa, 2003Page 8pwc
Sustainability issues in the forestproducts supply chain1 of 3An overview of potential sustainabilityissues in forest products supply chainsThe diagram to the right summarises at a high level some ofthe key sustainability issues that may exist within supplychains for forest products.• Protection of the rights of indigenous peoples and localcommunities is also a significant challenge for the sectorin some countries where legislation is less developed.• Further social issues including workers’ health and safetyand the provision of a fair wage can be issues in theprimary sector, and also tend to cut across the processingand production sectors to the extent that these areconducted in countries where legislation is lessdeveloped.• Climate impacts are prevalent at every stage in the forestproducts lifecycle, and the role of the forest productssector in combating climate change has been the sourceof increased international attention in recent years.Forests and forest products both store and emit carbondioxide throughout every stage of the lifecycle.Generic forest products supply chain and potential environmentaland social issuesE.g. Loggingoperations andplantationoperationsOverleafThe diagram overleaf examines sustainability issues in moredetail across the entire value chain for a hypotheticalvertically integrated forest products company.Page 9pwc
Page 1 and 2: Sustainable ForestFinance ToolkitTh
Page 3: Guidance for using the ToolkitThis
Page 6 and 7: How does economic development impac
Page 10 and 11: Sustainability issues in the forest
Page 12 and 13: Costs and benefits of certification
Page 14 and 15: Costs and benefits of certification
Page 16 and 17: 1 New ApplicationThis section provi
Page 18 and 19: Illustrative - Management Interview
Page 20 and 21: Illustrative - Management Interview
Page 22 and 23: Illustrative - Higher risk client a
Page 24 and 25: Legality issue briefing note2 of 5N
Page 26 and 27: Legality issue briefing note 4 of 5
Page 28 and 29: Small scale and community forestent
Page 30 and 31: Sustainable ForestManagement briefi
Page 32 and 33: Special places briefing note 1 of 4
Page 34 and 35: Special places briefing note 3 of 4
Page 36 and 37: Planted forests briefing note 1 of
Page 42 and 43: Certification briefing note 1 of 7N
Page 46 and 47: Certification briefing note5 of 7Ne
Page 50 and 51: Pollution and EnvironmentalManageme
Page 52 and 53: Local communities and indigenouspeo
Page 54 and 55: Local communities and indigenouspeo
Page 56 and 57: Forest carbon and otherecosystem se
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Forest carbon and otherecosystem se
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Brazil - country briefing note 1 of
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Indonesia - country briefing note 1
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Malaysia - country briefing note 2
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Russia - country briefing note 2 of
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2 Portfolio ManagementOne of the ha
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FMU / supply chain performance 1 of
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3 Policy DevelopmentA carefully con
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Suggested Internal Bank ForestryPol
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Suggested Internal Bank ForestryPol
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4 ProcurementIn 2007, the WBCSD and
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Sample procurement policy2 of 2Proc
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Appendix 1: Special places 2 of 3De
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Appendix 2: Client performancerequi
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Appendix 2: Client performancerequi
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Appendix 4: Consolidated duediligen
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Appendix 5: Acronyms1 of 1ASEAN Ass
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