Entire Annual Report - Anglo American Platinum

Platinum Market Review" (continued)membrane fuel cells (PEMFC), which contain platinumFuel cellstackelectrodes. The production of fuel cell powered vehicles isexpected to contribute significantly to platinum demand inthe medium to long term.Some recent developments in the fuel cell industry areoutlined below:● Ballard, the recognised world leader in fuel cellmanufacture, released in January 2000 the company’sSinglefuel cellReactionchamberCathode2H20ExhaustIndustrial DemandO2O2Proton exchangemembrane (PEM) coatedwith platinum catalystGasdeliverypipesCathodeO2electrolyteAnode2H204e- 4H + 4e - 4H +Electric Current2H 22H 2Reformer orhydrogen tankO2 2H 2Drivers for change:fuel cars will have ahydrogen tank and anengine on the chassisH 2Anodelatest generation fuel cell stack, the Mark 900, which isdesigned for high volume manufacture. Ballard receivedorders for the Mark 900 throughout the year from itsalliance partners, Ford and DaimlerChrysler as well asother major auto manufacturers. Honda R&D Co Ltd, asubsidiary of the Honda Motor Company, placed anorder for the Mark 900 modules in January 2001.● The California Fuel Cell Partnership announced in June2000 that the United States Department of Transportation(DOT) had joined its public-private venture to demonstrateand promote fuel cell vehicles as a technology that isboth environmentally safe and commercially viable. Thepartnership, which formally began in April 1999,includes major auto manufacturers, energy providers,government agencies and fuel cell companies. DOT’sfuel cell experience will enhance the partnership’s fuelcell demonstration and infrastructure efforts. TheCalifornian Fuel Cell Partnership plans to test 50 fuelcell vehicles over the next three years.● Honda revealed in September 2000 the FCX-V3, a fuelcell powered vehicle that will be among the vehiclestested in California. The FCX-V3 has a hydrogen-fuelledfuel cell engine.Hydrogen tankFuel cell andelectric motorDEMAND IS expected to increase substantially in themedium term for residential fuel cells and in thelonger term for fuel cell vehicles.40