Figure V-1Exchange rates: Index of the nominal exchange rates of the currency of <strong>China</strong> in relation to theU.S. dollar, by quarters, 2003-08Source: International Monetary Fund, International Financial Statistics, December 2008 and earlier issues.PRICING PRACTICESQuestionnaire responses show that prices of saccharin are determined in several ways.PMC reported that most of its pricing was determined by *** during 2007 and 2008. During earlier yearsof the 2003-08 period, it also made use of *** and ***. Among importers of saccharin <strong>from</strong> <strong>China</strong>,methods reported included transaction-by-transaction negotiations and contracts. One firm reported thatit gives quotations based on the current market supply and demand situations of saccharin.PMC reported that it ***, while discounts of importers of saccharin <strong>from</strong> <strong>China</strong> vary bycompany. Among the eight importers, four reported that they do not offer discounts and four reportedthat they provide discounts based on quantity or volume. Neither PMC nor any of the importers give ***.<strong>Saccharin</strong> prices are commonly quoted on *** by PMC and on either an f.o.b or delivered basisby importers of saccharin <strong>from</strong> <strong>China</strong>. Among the eight responding importers, three quote on an f.o.bbasis, three quote on a delivered basis, and two quote both ways. None of the firms reported internetsales.All sales of saccharin by PMC are on a *** basis, while imports <strong>from</strong> <strong>China</strong> are sold on both aspot and contract basis. Among importers of Chinese product, four firms reported that all sales are on aspot basis, and the other four reported a mixture of spot and contract sales. Contract periods reportedranged <strong>from</strong> two months to one year, with quantities and prices typically fixed during the contract period.None of the importers reported the use of meet or release provisions.V-2
PRICE DATAThe Commission requested U.S. producers and importers to provide quarterly data for the totalquantity and f.o.b. value of saccharin shipped to unrelated customers in the U.S. market during January2003-December 2008. Pricing data were requested for the following products.Product 1.—Sodium saccharin, granular, sized or unsized, FCC, 10-17 percent water.Product 2.—Sodium saccharin, powder, FCC, 3-6 percent water.Product 3.—Acid or insoluble saccharin, spray-dried powder, FCC.Product 4.—Calcium saccharin, granular, spray-dried powder, FCC.Product 5.—Sodium saccharin, granular, sized or unsized, non-food grade, 10-17 percent water.The U.S. producer and 11 importers of saccharin <strong>from</strong> <strong>China</strong> including PMC reported varyingamounts of price information. During 2003-08, the combined sales of the specified products accountedfor nearly 100 percent of PMC’s domestic shipments and 4.5 percent of imports <strong>from</strong> <strong>China</strong>.Price TrendsWeighted-average quarterly f.o.b. prices of the U.S. producer and importers of saccharin <strong>from</strong><strong>China</strong> for the five products are shown in tables V- 1 through and V-5 and figure 2. PMC’s prices for allfive products increased <strong>from</strong> the first quarter of 2003 onward. The *** price increases recorded forproducts 1, 2 and 3 during 2008 involved very small sales quantities as compared to earlier periods.There is evidence that these price spikes were the result of a world-wide shortage of saccharin. 3 Thespotty price data for imports <strong>from</strong> <strong>China</strong> also reflected irregular increases for all five products.Table V-1<strong>Saccharin</strong>: Weighted-average f.o.b. prices and quantities of domestic and imported product 1, 1and margins of underselling/(overselling), by quarters, January 2003-December 2008* * * * * * *Table V-2<strong>Saccharin</strong>: Weighted-average f.o.b. selling prices and quantities for product 2, 1 and margins ofunderselling/(overselling), January 2003-December 2008* * * * * * *3According to questionnaire responses by five importers, the world’s large producer of saccharin was closed in<strong>China</strong> creating a world-wide shortage of saccharin. ***, an importer and purchaser of saccharin reported that Suzhouwas closed by the Chinese government in October 2007, creating a global capacity shortage. Reportedly, theChinese government also asked four other saccharin producers to close for two months starting in December 2008.According to ***, these events caused prices to rise over 700 percent and it became difficult to obtain saccharin.V-3
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Saccharin from ChinaInvestigation N
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U.S. International Trade Commission
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CONTENTSPagePart III: Condition of
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VIEWS OF THE COMMISSIONBased on the
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mouthwash. 14 By weight, it is abou
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statement challenging PMC’s statu
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Quantity and Type of Parts Sourced
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IV.LIKELIHOOD OF CONTINUATION OR RE
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B. Conditions of Competition and th
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. Supply in the U.S. MarketAs in th
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In the original determination, the
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