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TOOLS & SOFTWARElent 89600B vector signal analysis (VSA) software,which supports more than 30 hardware platformsand can run on a PC or inside newer Windowsbasedinstruments from Agilent. The VSA softwaresupports more than 70 signal formats, providesadvanced demodulation capabilities, andperforms measurements of EVM and other importantsignal characteristics. MATLAB is anotherimportant part of the receiver-side solution.Here, it provides a software environmentfor measurement automation and data analysis.For example, it can be used to create and applycustom measurements, filters, processing andequalization - capabilities that are especiallyuseful when standards are not finalized. MAT-LAB can also be used to create 2D and 3D dataplots derived from measured data.Figure 2. Thorough testing of 802.11ad transmitters and receivers requires a mix of capabilities:waveform creation, signal generation, frequency conversion, signal analysis, modulation analysisand spectrum analysis.analyzer (with optional high-end frequency coveragefrom RF to millimeter wave) providesignal, modulation and spectrum analysis capabilities.This configuration also includes the Agi-For additional RF characterization from 10MHz to 67 GHz, a microwave network analyzerprovides single-connection measurements ofactive devices such as amplifiers, mixers andfrequency converters. To simplify test configuration,built-in elements include a secondsignal source, a combiner and internal signalroutingswitches. Example measurements includeS-parameters, gain compression, twotonemeasurements, and noise-figure measurementson converters and two-port devices.The configuration presented here provides arange of testing and analysis capabilities thataddress the challenges of developing 802.11adtransmitters and receivers. The suggested combinationof flexible software elements andhigh-performance instrumentation is scalableand reconfigurable to address other technologiesas well as future projects. AdaCore releases GNAT Pro safety-criticalfor ARM processorsAdaCore announces the availability of its GNATPro Safety-Critical product for ARM Cortexmicro-controllers. This bareboard GNAT ProSafety-Critical product provides a completeAda development environment, oriented towardssystems that are safety-critical or havestringent memory constraints. Developers ofsuch systems can now exploit the software engineeringbenefits of the Ada language, includingreliability, maintainability, and portability.News ID 16936 HCC and Atollic accelerate the debugprocess for engineersHCC Embedded and Atollic announced the releaseof an advanced product that acceleratesthe debug process for engineers using Atollic’sTrueSTUDIO C/C++ IDE and HCC’seTaskSync verifiable task scheduler. AtollicTrueSTUDIO v4.0 was launched at the EmbeddedWorld. The TrueSTUDIO debuggerwill provide kernel aware debugging for HCC’seTaskSync scheduler to give engineers a meansto debug embedded systems rapidly. eTaskSyncis an advanced kernel that comes with fullProduct NewsMISRA-C:2004 compliance, 100%statement/object code coverage and MC/DCanalysis.News ID 16884 ARM announces mbed version 2.0 andopen source SDKARM unveils the next milestone of the mbedproject with a new SDK released under a permissiveopen source license, a new HDK forcreating low-cost development boards. Thembed platform is being developed by ARM todeliver free tools and software that enable effectiverapid prototyping with ARM Cortex-M series processor-based MCUs. The mbedSDK, already relied upon by tens of thousandsof developers, has been extended and releasedfree under a permissive open source license.News ID 16898 LDRA tool suite undergoes TÜV SÜDcertification for IEC 61508, ISO 26262and EN 50128LDRA has started TÜV SÜD review and certificationprocess to verify that the LDRA toolsuite is fully qualified to validate software applicationsfor industrial safety (IEC 61508),automotive (ISO 26262), and rail (EN 50128).Validation of full compliance is anticipated byQ2 2013. This TÜV SÜD certification buildson the ISO 9001:2008 certification alreadyachieved by LDRA in its forty year advocacyfor better quality software and development.News ID 16902 Rohde & Schwarz: generation andanalysis of WLAN IEEE 802.11ac signalsup to 160 MHzNew options extend the baseband of the R&SSMBV100A vector signal generator to 160 MHz,making it the only signal generator to directlysupport high-speed modes for WLAN IEEE802.11ac. An external PC is not needed. In the 5GHz ISM band, the R&S SMBV100A offers exceptionalsignal performance (0.44 % EVM) for160 MHz signals. The latest generation of thefield-tested R&S FSV signal and spectrum analyzercan also be equipped with a demodulationbandwidth of 160 MHz. Unmatched in the general-purposeinstrument class, the analyzer cannow be used to record and demodulate a WLANIEEE 802.11ac signal in its full bandwidth of upto 160 MHz.News ID 16890April 2013 22
TOOLS & SOFTWAREThe launch of the newMISRA C: 2012 (MISRA C3) GuidelinesPaul Burden, Senior Technical Consultantand PRQA representative on the MISRAworking committee, talked about the newguidelines with ECE Magazine editorWolfgang Patelay.ECE: So, Paul, give me a bit of backgroundto MISRABurden: The MISRA mission statement speaksof providing assistance to the automotive industryin the application and creation withinvehicle systems of safe and reliable software.MISRA has published a variety of documentsover the years. It has contributed significantlyto developments in functional safety, particularlythe ISO 26262 standard, and the developmentof coding guidelines for C and C++ -MISRA C and MISRA C++. MISRA C wasfirst published in 1998. It provided some badlyneeded guidance to engineers, often with verylimited experience in software engineering, ata time when software reliability was becominga critical issue. To start with, it was a modestinitiative within the UK motor industry, but itrapidly developed into a project of major significance.A second version of MISRA C appearedin 2004, and a third version, MISRAC:2012, was launched on 18 March 2013.ECE: So how significant is this particularupdate to the MISRA C coding guidelines?Burden: A lot of work has gone into the latestversion and the result is a better document.MISRA C has a large following and I wouldexpect the new version to be of interest to anyonedeveloping systems in C who cares aboutsoftware quality.ECE: But why was it necessary to produceanother edition?Burden: It is not an easy decision to changesomething that is widely accepted and widelyused, so there had to be a good reason to bringout a new version of MISRA C. In fact, therewere several key reasons: support for C99, respondingto user feedback and an acknowledgementthat improvements could be made.Paul Burden,Senior TechnicalConsultant andPRQA representativeon the MISRAworking committeeECE: Is MISRA C just an automotivestandard?Burden: Not at all. MISRA C is now in useworldwide. It is used in a wide range ofdifferent industries – aerospace, defence, medicalinstruments, process control, nuclear power,consumer electronics and critical systems infinance. It is the most widely used set ofcoding guidelines for development in the Clanguage.ECE: So what are the key differencescompared to the previous version?Burden: There are the following five main differences.First the language: C has evolved.Support is now provided for C99 as well asC90. Second the document structure: MISRAC3 includes 16 directives and 143 rules. Compliancewith a rule can be determined solelyfrom analysis of the source code. Compliancewith a directive may be open to some measureof interpretation or may, for example, requirereference to design or requirements documents.Third the deviation classification: Each directiveor rule is classified as Mandatory, Required orAdvisory.Deviations are optional for Advisory rules butcompulsory for Required rules – as in MISRAC:2004. Mandatory rules may not be deviated– ever! No circumstances are envisaged whereit would ever be desirable or necessary toviolate these rules. Fourth the analysis scope:Compliance with many rules can be assuredby analysis of the code in each translationunit in isolation. Other rules require analysisof all code in the program. Each rule is nowclassified explicitly as either a single translationunit rule or a system rule. This distinction isimportant for two reasons.Firstly because ensuring compliance with systemrules requires more extensive analysis; andsecondly because some system rules are undecidable.If a rule is undecidable, no tool, howeversophisticated, can guarantee to identify everynon-compliance. And last but not least fifththe improved rule definition: Rules are nowmore rigorously defined and better explained.ECE: What does this mean for legacy codewhich is already MISRA C:2004 compliant?Burden: Each version of MISRA C has beenlarger than the last but the number of ruleshas not increased greatly. In MISRA C:2012 afew new rules have been added – mainly forC99, and a few have been removed or redrafted.The document is larger, mainly because ofmany improvements in the explanation anddefinition of rules. There are new requirementsbut these are relatively few and code whichcomplies with MISRA C:2004 is likely to complywith MISRA C:2012 with relatively littlemodification.ECE: Are there any pre-approved/validated/ -certified MISRA C3 checker tools available?Burden: No, MISRA does not endorse toolsor provide certification services. However,TERA-Labs, a division of the University ofAntwerp, recently completed a comparativestudy of 8 MISRA C checking tools. Our product,QA C, was confirmed as the best codeanalysis tool for enforcing MISRA C2 complianceand we have continued to build on thislead in our enforcement of MISRA C3.ECE: So are PRQA tools ready to supportMISRA C3?Burden: Yes! We announced at EmbeddedWorld availability of our MISRA C:2012 compliancemodule for QA C and we were readyto start supporting customers as soon as theGuidelines were published. 23 April 2013
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Page 13 and 14: LIGHTINGColour control of displays
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Page 28 and 29: MICROCONTROLLERSFigure 1. Software
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