6. LPC Bituminous Mixtures Design Guide, Sept 2007. - Aapaq.org

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LPC Bituminous Mixtures Design Guide- Mix Design Procedure -The stiffness modulus values generated using this method may deviate fromexperimental values by a factor of 2.Shell method: Estimation of the bitumen modulus (Péné + TBA); computation of themix modulus based on granular compacity and loading time or frequency).The standard modulus calculation formula is given by:Sm⎡= S⎣2,5Cvb ⎢1 + × , in MPa.n 1−Cv⎥ ⎦⎤n−44×10Vgn = 0.83lg and C v=SbVg + VbThis relation is applicable to highly compact mixes (≅ 3% voids).' 100 × CvFor other asphalt mixes, C v is replaced by Cv=100 + v − 3with v = percentage of voids.Francken's method: The elastic modulus E ∞ is calculated (for low temperature andhigh frequency values):The complex modulusmodulus R * " function:E ∞ = 1,436×104⎛Vg⎞× ⎜ ⎟⎝ Vb ⎠0,55Vg: aggregate volume in the mix,Vb: binder volume in the mix,v: percentage of residual voids in the mix.−2( −5,81×10× e), in MPA*E is proportional to the elastic modulus via the "reducedE**= R xE∞R * depends on the bitumen consistency at a given temperature and frequency, asVgexpressed by G* and the ratio on the following graph:Vb- 120 -
LPC Bituminous Mixtures Design Guide- Mix Design Procedure -These methods do not account for the effect of aggregate type.3.6.4 Fatigue3.6.4.1 General commentsThe fatigue test is not performed as part of the mix development stage.It is still possible however to estimate fatigue resistance values by means of empiricalrelationships. Keep in mind that these assessment formulae are invalidated bychanging the type of bitumen and must therefore be used as a relative gauge.3.6.4.2 Prediction based on the direct tensile testΓ is the loss of linearity, andε( A0+ A1( − Γ)+ A2E0,300s)−46=110 ×E 0,300s is the modulus at 0°C and 300 sec.The relationships between fatigue resistance ε 6 and loss of linearity Γ have beenobtained from two databases, built by R. Linder and F. Moutier, respectively.Table 39 - Fatigue - loss of linearity relationshipLINDER coefficientsPure bitumenMOUTIER coefficientsAo 2,69 2,39A 1 5,24 3,30A 2 8,71 10 -6 -Confidence interval on ε 6 (MOUTIER coefficients) + 0,26 10 -6 (for approximately 40mix designs).- 121 -
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6. LPC Bituminous Mixtures Design Guide, Sept 2007. - Aapaq.org

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