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❖❖❖Atty. Cristina Sevilla (Member, Coalition against Trafficking in Women)on “Seeking redress through the courts, R.A. 8504,” and “Experiences ofthe women sector in advocacy”;Ms. Bernadette C. Ongoco (Executive Director, Office for AlternativeDispute Resolution), Atty. Salvador Panga (Philippine DisputeResolution Center), and Mr. Salvador Vilches and Mr. Bing Pabilla(both of the Philippine Mediation Center) –on “Alternative disputeresolution”; andMr. Noel Colina (Executive Director, Institute for Occupational Healthand Safety Development or IOHSAD), on “Seeking redress for laborgrievances”.B. SCOPE OF THE PROJECTHuman rights could be categorized as freedoms and demands (or entitlements).Freedoms are those rights that are observed when the people are left alone toenjoy them, such as the freedom from arbitrary killing, freedom from torture, freedomto hold one’s beliefs, freedom of assembly and freedom of movement. On the otherhand, the demands can only be fully enjoyed if the State intervenes appropriatelysuch as through resource allocation. Among the basic demands are the right toeducation, right to adequate health care, and right to housing.There are many valid demands of PLHIV, among them: 1) the provision of adequatemedical care; and 2) the provision of job opportunities and/or livelihood training.Correspondingly, the violations of these demands would be: 1) lack of access toadequate medical care; and b) lack of access to job opportunities and livelihoodtraining, both of which could be traced to the failure of the government to instituteappropriate programs to meet these demands.This project did not address the violations accruing to the failure of the governmentto fulfill demands. The resolution of these problems does not lie in the redressmechanisms identified in this project but rather, in securing inclusion in governmentpriorities. The latter could be the outcome of effective lobbying, campaigning andeducation.Another clarification about this project is on the types of perpetrators. Traditionally,human rights violations have been viewed as acts committed by the State or itsagents. This assumes that human rights norms, as enunciated by internationalinstruments, have been translated into domestic legal systems - including lawsand courts which should adequately address the offenses committed by privateindividuals against fellow private individuals. Hence, the distinction between humanrights violations (referring to acts of the state or its agents) and common crimesoften comes out in human rights discourse.6 SEEKING REDRESS FOR HIV-RELATED VIOLATIONS OF HUMAN RIGHTS