INDEX 357Novib, 143Nucleus for the Study <strong>of</strong> EthnicRelations (NUER), 322–323NWLC, 105–106O’Brien, Edward, 245Office for the Defense <strong>of</strong> the Rights <strong>of</strong>Women (DEMUS), 77Oligarchic nature <strong>of</strong> the Philippinepolity, 200–201Open Society Institute (OSI), 235, 272Organization for Security andCooperation in Europe, 238Other Path, <strong>The</strong> (de So<strong>to</strong>), 209Overlaps among grantee efforts, 37Pakikisama, 211Palakasan system, 215Palawan Province Council forSustainable Development, 210Palermo University <strong>Law</strong> School, 76,79, 275Palestinians, 291–292, 321–322Palestinian Society for the Protection<strong>of</strong> Human Rights and theEnvironment, 289–290Palous, Martin, 244Pan African Congress, 25Paraguay, 295Paralegal development, 213–215,220–221, 297–299. See alsoNonlawyers as legal resources fortheir communitiesPartnerships, <strong>Ford</strong>/grantee, 7–9Pass laws, 21, 25–26, 30, 285Patient’s bill <strong>of</strong> rights, 116Peking University, 176, 183, 275, 276People’s organizations (POs), 200,214–215People’s Republic <strong>of</strong> China (PRC),161, 162. See also ChinaPerformance assessment, 255Permanent Assembly for HumanRights, 63Peru, 56–57, 334–336. See alsoAndean region/Southern cone <strong>of</strong>South America; Humanrights–related law effortsPeruvian Society for Environmental<strong>Law</strong> (SPDA), 71–72, 74, 78Petranov, Borislav, 252Petrova, Dimitrina, 239Philippines: alternative dispute resolution,307–308; alternative lawgroups, 197–202; changes and contributions,218–219; clinics, lawschool legal aid, 206, 278; donorprogramming approaches, 221–223;evolution <strong>of</strong> ALGs andFoundation’s support, 202–208;funding challenges for NGOs,205–206, 222, 223; future, vision<strong>of</strong> the, 223–224; gender issues,199, 210; human rights–related lawefforts, 202–204, 207; implementation,legal, 212–221; interviews forthis study, people involved in the,226–231; lessons and insights,219–223; nonlawyers as legalresources for their communities,220, 303–304, 307–308, 311–312;oligarchic nature <strong>of</strong> the Philippinepolity, 200–201; paralegal development,213–215; people’s organizations,214–215; personal relationsand human interaction, 201, 211;policy advice and regula<strong>to</strong>ryreform, 208–212; political transitions,NGOs adapting <strong>to</strong> major,333–334; preview, chapter, 11–12;research, uses <strong>of</strong> law-related,217–218; summary, chapter,218–224Pinochet, Augus<strong>to</strong>, 323Planning, strategic long-term, 255Platek, Monica, 245, 250, 252Poland, 238, 240, 247. See alsoEurope, EasternPolice/<strong>of</strong>ficial violence: Bangladesh,135, 143; Europe, Eastern, 238;Israel, 291; Roma people, 293–294;South Africa, 21, 26–27, 35Policy advice and regula<strong>to</strong>ry reform,97–102, 208–212, 249, 311–312,316–320Political transitions, NGOs adapting <strong>to</strong>major, 327; Argentina, 329–330;climate, dealing with changes inpolitical, 334–337; Europe, Eastern,330–331; human rights–related law
358 INDEXefforts, 66–69; Philippines,333–334; preview, chapter, 14–15;regime shifts, dealing with,328–334; South Africa, 331–332;summary, chapter, 337; UnitedStates, 336–337Political violence, 59–60, 64, 202Politics by Other Means (Abel),26Politics <strong>of</strong> transition, 244Poverty, 91, 127, 273, 292Press freedom, 238Proactive and reactive programming,8, 244–246, 259Pro bono work, 247, 278Pr<strong>of</strong>essional paralegals, 301–303Project-specific support, 47Przywara, Danuta, 245, 254Public interest law (PIL): balancedportrait <strong>of</strong>, 3–4; case studies, seven,4; development, equitable and sustainable,5–6; goals, 5–7; humanrights–related law efforts, 5; implementation,legal, 6–7; nongovernmentalorganizations, 1–2; partnerships,<strong>Ford</strong>/grantee, 7–9; thematicperspectives, five, 4–5. See alsoindividual subject headingsPublic Interest <strong>Law</strong> Initiative (PILI),127–129. See also BangladeshPublic Interest <strong>Law</strong> Initiative inTransitional Societies, 255–256Public opinion, influencing, 79–80Public transportation, 108–109Puer<strong>to</strong> Rican Legal Defense andEducational Fund, 92Pulgar, Manuel, 70Pull system, 215Qianxi County Rural Women’s LegalServices Centre, 181Racial classifications, 21Rahman, Anika, 100Rahman, Mizanur, 144, 272Rajshahi University, 144Ramgobin, Asha, 37, 39Ramos, Fidel, 211Reactive and proactive programming,244–246, 259Reform centers, university-based,31–33, 44–45Regime shifts, dealing with, 328–334Regula<strong>to</strong>ry reform and policy advice,208–212, 249Rekosh, Edwin, 237, 255Replication <strong>of</strong> community-level activities,311, 312Repressive regimes, exposing,287–289. See also Political transitions,NGOs adapting <strong>to</strong> major;specific countriesReproductive choice, 99–100Reproductive Rights Alliance,36Research, uses <strong>of</strong> law-related: China,163–164, 166, 170–171, 175–176,186, 317, 319; debate, enhancingthe public, 324–325; disciplines,drawing from a variety <strong>of</strong>,315–316; Europe, Eastern, 322;expansion <strong>of</strong>, 67–68; factual basisfor litigation, 320–324; internationalperspective on public interest litigation,315; Philippines, 217–218;policy and law reforms, 316–320;preview, chapter, 14; South Africa,317, 318; summary, chapter,325–326; United States, 320, 321,324–325Resource management, 37Rights and responsibilities, publiclegal education on, 176Rights Implementation for SocialEmancipation, 147Rockefeller, John, III, 99Rockefeller Brothers Fund, 24Rockefeller Foundation, 95, 114Rodriguez, Carlos, 66Role playing, 299Roman Catholic Church, 62Roma people, 237, 238, 252, 257,293–294, 322Romero, Anthony, 95Rubio, Marcial, 57Russia, 274, 319, 331. See alsoEurope, EasternRussian Foundation for Legal Reform,268
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