30 SMITHSONIAN STUDIES IN HISTORY AND TECHNOLOGYthe army and Hned or unlined according to season, with awoolen pompon, as shown in the accompanying illustration[Figure 14]. This is easily lined, is susceptible of ventilationand ornamentation, and is generally associated with notions ofsoldierly appearance. Its chief defects are its weight, its inadequateprotection for the ears and neck, and its unyieldingstructure.For fatigue, a cloth bag cap, such as is worn in the Frenchand Austrian services and shown in the accompanying illustration[Figure 15]. This, which may be regarded as thenatural complement of any stiff hat, is admirable for its portability,being transportable in the pocket, and for its adaptationto sleeping and to many fatigue duties. The side flapsmay be turned down at night and in cold weather, but thecap is not suited for exposure to the sun in hot climates."'3. The Scotch or Glengarry cap with a visor, as advocatedby Dr. Parkes for the British <strong>Army</strong> [Figure 16]. ThisFIGURE 15.—"Cloth Fatigue Gap."(From Woodhull Report, 1868, fig. 2.)FIGURE 14.—"Stiff Dress Hat."(From Woodhull Report, 1868, fig. 1.)is recommended for ours from its lightness, its portability,its coolness in summer by being set upon top of the head, itswarmth in winter by being pulled down over the ears andback of the neck, and its capability of being slept in. It isimperfectly illustrated here. It also allows the addition of afur band, that may be turned down, in cold climates and acapote can readily be pulled over it. (The bag cap possessesthese last two advantages, also.) It has the very serious defect,but no more than the present cap, of not shielding thesides of the head, face and neck from the sun and rain.With whatever cap is worn in hot climates a long broadHavelock, properly made of white linen and quilted halfan inch thick, must be worn to protect the back of the neckand occiput.FIGURE 16.—"Scotch Cap with Visor."(From Woodhull Report, 1868, fig. 3.)In cold climates in winter the contrivance reported byBvt. Lieut. Colonel Alden, as used by the troops on theplains, would be a valuable addition to an ordinary cap. Itconsists of a piece of wadded cloth, to be attached, by meansof three button holes on the upper edge, to the buttons onthe sides of the cap and to an extra button sewed on themiddle seam behind, and tied beneath the chin by tapesattached near the lower front corner.The shape and application are illustrated in [Figures 17and 18.]4. For hot stations either a kepi or casque or lightbrimmed hat, essentially after the style of the Malay hat. Tobe made of some stiff, light material with a pearl-coloredcover and an air-space of half an inch between the ring and
NUMBER 30 31FIGURE 17.—"The [Scotch] cap with an additional piece ofcloth, as used in winter on the plains." (From WoodhullReport, 1868, fig. 4.)FIGURE 19.—-"External view of the Ventilated or EasternHat." (From Woodhull Report, 1868, fig. 6.)FIGURE 18.—"The cloth detached from the [Scotch] cap,showing its attachment by button holes and tapes." (FromWoodhull Report, 1868, fig. 5.)the head, as is here illustrated [Figures 19, 20]. The exeatform, for which there are several suggestions, is immaterialwhile the principle is adhered to.5. A light-colored, brimmed felt hat. This is, by all odds,the most generally recommended, either as a simple felt orlooped up for dress, somewhat as in these imperfect illustrations[Figures 21, 22]. This may be kept perfectly simple,or be adorned in the most ornate manner. The brimshould have a width about equal to the height of the crown.Probably the most serviceable hat ever used in the <strong>United</strong><strong>States</strong> <strong>Army</strong> was supplied the Second Dragoons by GeneralHarney, in Texas, in 1853. It was a broad-brimmed, softfelt, of a pearl or stone color, capable of being looped up,but with a stiff brim when let down, and with an orifice forFIGURE 20.—"Sectional views of the Ventilated Hat."(From Woodhull Report, 1868, fig. 7.)
- Page 1: • ^ - :lP-'L^ry\'^ ^iT
- Page 4 and 5: ABSTRACTHowell, Edgar M. United Sta
- Page 7 and 8: ContentsPagePrefaceiiiThe 1855 Cava
- Page 9 and 10: United States Army Headgear 1855-19
- Page 11 and 12: NUMBER 30report, stated: "The hat p
- Page 13 and 14: NUMBER 30acorns %g inches long and
- Page 15 and 16: NUMBER 30the pattern." The rate of
- Page 17 and 18: NUMBER 30FIGURE 3.—1858 Army hat.
- Page 19 and 20: NUMBER 3011model, number 60 in the
- Page 21 and 22: NUMBER 30 13"the desired modificati
- Page 23 and 24: NUMBER 30 15the sun in the top. The
- Page 25 and 26: NUMBER 30 17FIGURE 8.—1858 forage
- Page 27 and 28: NUMBER 30 19Hardtack and Coffee, ca
- Page 29 and 30: NUMBER 3021FIGURE 11.—a, Brigadie
- Page 31 and 32: NUMBER 30 23short "shell" jacket "f
- Page 33 and 34: NUMBER 30 26broad, securely soldere
- Page 35 and 36: NUMBER 30 27worn in the picture wer
- Page 37: NUMBER 30 29This communication elic
- Page 41 and 42: NUMBER 30 33time for issue in the c
- Page 43 and 44: NUMBER 30 35be at too great a dista
- Page 45 and 46: NUMBER 3037half (5/2) part of washb
- Page 47 and 48: NUMBER 30 39trimmings for all enlis
- Page 49 and 50: NUMBER 30 41ing the upper space for
- Page 51 and 52: NUMBER 30rear one to a correspondin
- Page 53 and 54: NUMBER 30 46FIGURE 29.—1872 enlis
- Page 55 and 56: NUMBER 3047FIGURE 32.—^The Bent &
- Page 57 and 58: NUMBER 3049of strong split-leather
- Page 59 and 60: NUMBER 30 51''""MttfenFIGURE 35.—
- Page 61 and 62: NUMBER 30 53(which he thought might
- Page 63 and 64: NUMBER 30 55FIGURE 38.—Captain Be
- Page 65 and 66: NUMBER 30 57campaign hat for the Ar
- Page 67 and 68: NUMBER 30 59salvage something from
- Page 69 and 70: NUMBER 30 61hat. In June 1899 the P
- Page 71 and 72: NUMBER 3063the left side, pass diag
- Page 73 and 74: NUMBER 30 65.LJU^.."*^..FIGURE 44.
- Page 75 and 76: NUMBER 30 67to be sent to Washingto
- Page 77 and 78: NUMBER 30 69with brass sliding-buck
- Page 79 and 80: NUMBER 30 71FIGURE 48.—Officers'
- Page 81 and 82: NUMBER 3073The adoption of the whit
- Page 83 and 84: NUMBER 3075i >•^\Wiii I ifiiiniim
- Page 85 and 86: NUMBER 30this last model made no pr
- Page 87 and 88: NUMBER 30 79WAR DEPARTMENT,QUARTERM
- Page 89 and 90:
NUMBER 3081FIGURE 58.—1864 chapea
- Page 91 and 92:
NUMBER 30geon 1880 and Surgeon Gene
- Page 93 and 94:
NUMBER 3085FIGURE 63.—1895 forage
- Page 95 and 96:
NUMBER 30 87of not less than 9.24 g
- Page 97 and 98:
AppendixMAKERS OF HEADGEARThe chron
- Page 99 and 100:
List of AbbreviationsAAGAAQMAGAGOAQ
- Page 101 and 102:
NUMBER 3093all OQMG, LS, Clothing,
- Page 103 and 104:
NUMBER 30 95"Jesup to Thomas, 8 Dec
- Page 105 and 106:
NUMBER 3097OQMG, Reg. LR, Clothing,
- Page 107 and 108:
NUMBER 30 99October of 1870. See Me
- Page 109 and 110:
NUMBER 30 101'"* See above, pp. 35-
- Page 111 and 112:
NUMBER 30 103Monroe, Va., in 1878.
- Page 113 and 114:
NUMBER 30 105""Endorsement, 24 May
- Page 115 and 116:
ReferencesThe bulk of the source ma
- Page 117:
M MBIiR 30 10910, No. 355-10, 19 Se