United States Army Headgear 1855-1902 - Libreria Militare Ares

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Page17. "The [Scotch] cap with an additional piece of cloth" 3118. "The cloth detached from the [Scotch] cap" 3119. "External view of the Ventilated or Eastern Hat" 31«20. "Sectional views of the Ventilated Hat" 3121. "The Three-Cocked Hat" 3222. "The Cocked Hat, held under the arm" 3223. The Andrews hat 3224. 1872 regulation uniforms 3425. 1872 enlisted man's dress cap 3826. Enlisted personnel in 1872 dress coat and cap 3927. 1872 officer's dress cap 4028. Sketch of 1872 officer's helmet 4229. 1872 enlisted man's helmet 4530. The Custer helmet 4631. The Horstmann helmet 4632. The Bent 8c Bush helmet 4733. Paiute Chief Winnemucca in "Chief Coat" and 1858 Army hat with1872 helmet front eagle 4734. 1872 enlisted man's forage cap, with 1876 insignia 5035. General Hancock's cap and 1872 officer s forage cap 5136. Sketch of 1872 campaign hat 5337. 1872 campaign hats . 5438. Captain Benteen's campaign hat 5539. Army personnel wearing 1872 campaign hat 5640. 1876 campaign hat 5841. Drab campaign hat, c. 1883 6042. Drab campaign hat, model 1889 6143. Dress helmets for line officers of foot and mounted troops 6444. Summer helmets for officers and enlisted men 6545. Dress helmets for foot soldiers and enlisted men of mounted troops ... 6546. Helmet for officers of foot troops, helmet with spike for field officers,and officer's summer helmet 6747. Helmet for enlisted men 6848. Helmets for field, mounted, and foot officers 7149. Helmet for enlisted men 7150. Helmet for mounted enlisted men 7251. The Kilpatrick helmet 7252. Altered model 1872 helmet 7253. Sketch of cork helmet, model 1880 7454. The Gordon helmet .... 7555. Muskrat fur cap, model 1876 7756. Canvas winter cap, model 1884 7857. Indian scout campaign hat 8058. The 1864 Schuyler, Hartley, & Graham chapeau 8159. The 1877 Horstmann Bros, chapeau 8160. 1881 regulation chapeau 8261. The McClellan chapeau 8262. The Gorgas chapeau 8363. 1895 forage caps for officers and enlisted men 85VI
United States Army Headgear 1855-1902Catalog of United States Army Uniforms in theCollections of the Smithsonian Institution, IIEdgar M. HowellTHE 18 55 CAVALRY HATThe settlement of the Oregon boundary questionand the victory over Mexico added a wide stretchof territory to the Union and vastly increased theresponsibilities of the Army. Following the conclusionof the War with Mexico, however, the RegularEstablishment was reduced to a peacetimestrength smaller than that authorized after the Warof 1812. Although continued representations byGeneral Winfield Scott, Commander-in-Chief of the.A.rmy, resulted in a small increase, it was not untilJefferson Davis, a West Point graduate and a volunteerregimental commander in the late war, becameSecretary of War in 1853 that some positiverelief was to be had. Under Davis' prodding thatadditional units were urgently needed for frontierservice, the Congress on 3 March 1855 authorizedfour new regiments, the 1st and 2d Cavalry and the9th and 10th Infantry' to be added to the line establishmentsof two regiments of dragoons, one ofmounted riflemen, eight of infantry, and four ofartillery.General Order No. 4, 26 March 1855, which assignedthe officers to the new regiments, specifiedthat the units would be uniformed like their oldercounterparts except that the trimmings on the capand coat of the cavalry were to be yellow insteadof orange.'In July a board of officers of the cavalry regiments,set up to determine the horse equipmentand arms to be issued them, reported among otherthings:"We recommend a hat instead of the present cap, to bemade according to the pattern furnished, with the excep-Edgar M. Howell, Department of National and MilitaryHistory, National Museum of History and Technology,Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. 20560.tions to be noticed. The hat to be looped up on the rightside and fastened with an eagle, the eagle to be attachedto the side of the hat. The letter of each company to be infront for the enlisted & the number of the regt. for officers.The chin strap to be fastened on the sides.The hat for officers to be the same as for enlisted menwith the exception mentioned. The hat for enlisted mento have one black feather on the left side two for companyofficers and three for field officers. The hat to be black. Thecords to be yellow, secured so as to be easily removed. Thecord for officers to be gold and for enlisted men to beworsted.^The report was approved by Secretary of War Davison 23 July ^ and three days later Brevet Major GeneralThomas S. Jesup, the Quartermaster General,forwarded the pattern hat furnished by the boardto Major George H. Crosman, commanding thequartermaster depot at Philadelphia, and directedhim to initiate procurement as soon as possible."On 3 August Crosman contracted with N. Fisherof Philadelphia for 2000 "hats for cavalry" at $1.05each.'General Order No. 13, 15 August 1855, prescribingthe arms and accouterments of the two cavalryregiments, described the hat as follows:For Field officers—Black, trimmed with gold cord, andaccording to pattern in the Quartermaster's Department; tobe looped up on the right side, and fastened with an eagle,the eagle being attached to the site of the hat; three blackfeathers on left side; the number of the regiment to be infront. The hat will be worn instead of the cap now used bythe other troops. For all other Officers—same as for fieldofficers, except that there will be but two black feathers. Forenlisted men—same as for officers, except there will be butone black feather, a worsted, instead of a gold cord, and theletter of the company substituted for the number of theregiment.'Besides its black color, the only details about thehat given in the record are that it had a chin strap
Page 1: • ^ - :lP-'L^ry\'^ ^iT
Page 4 and 5: ABSTRACTHowell, Edgar M. United Sta
Page 7: ContentsPagePrefaceiiiThe 1855 Cava
Page 11 and 12: NUMBER 30report, stated: "The hat p
Page 13 and 14: NUMBER 30acorns %g inches long and
Page 15 and 16: NUMBER 30the pattern." The rate of
Page 17 and 18: NUMBER 30FIGURE 3.—1858 Army hat.
Page 19 and 20: NUMBER 3011model, number 60 in the
Page 21 and 22: NUMBER 30 13"the desired modificati
Page 23 and 24: NUMBER 30 15the sun in the top. The
Page 25 and 26: NUMBER 30 17FIGURE 8.—1858 forage
Page 27 and 28: NUMBER 30 19Hardtack and Coffee, ca
Page 29 and 30: NUMBER 3021FIGURE 11.—a, Brigadie
Page 31 and 32: NUMBER 30 23short "shell" jacket "f
Page 33 and 34: NUMBER 30 26broad, securely soldere
Page 35 and 36: NUMBER 30 27worn in the picture wer
Page 37 and 38: NUMBER 30 29This communication elic
Page 39 and 40: NUMBER 30 31FIGURE 17.—"The [Scot
Page 41 and 42: NUMBER 30 33time for issue in the c
Page 43 and 44: NUMBER 30 35be at too great a dista
Page 45 and 46: NUMBER 3037half (5/2) part of washb
Page 47 and 48: NUMBER 30 39trimmings for all enlis
Page 49 and 50: NUMBER 30 41ing the upper space for
Page 51 and 52: NUMBER 30rear one to a correspondin
Page 53 and 54: NUMBER 30 46FIGURE 29.—1872 enlis
Page 55 and 56: NUMBER 3047FIGURE 32.—^The Bent &
Page 57 and 58: NUMBER 3049of strong split-leather
Page 59 and 60:
NUMBER 30 51''""MttfenFIGURE 35.—
Page 61 and 62:
NUMBER 30 53(which he thought might
Page 63 and 64:
NUMBER 30 55FIGURE 38.—Captain Be
Page 65 and 66:
NUMBER 30 57campaign hat for the Ar
Page 67 and 68:
NUMBER 30 59salvage something from
Page 69 and 70:
NUMBER 30 61hat. In June 1899 the P
Page 71 and 72:
NUMBER 3063the left side, pass diag
Page 73 and 74:
NUMBER 30 65.LJU^.."*^..FIGURE 44.
Page 75 and 76:
NUMBER 30 67to be sent to Washingto
Page 77 and 78:
NUMBER 30 69with brass sliding-buck
Page 79 and 80:
NUMBER 30 71FIGURE 48.—Officers'
Page 81 and 82:
NUMBER 3073The adoption of the whit
Page 83 and 84:
NUMBER 3075i >•^\Wiii I ifiiiniim
Page 85 and 86:
NUMBER 30this last model made no pr
Page 87 and 88:
NUMBER 30 79WAR DEPARTMENT,QUARTERM
Page 89 and 90:
NUMBER 3081FIGURE 58.—1864 chapea
Page 91 and 92:
NUMBER 30geon 1880 and Surgeon Gene
Page 93 and 94:
NUMBER 3085FIGURE 63.—1895 forage
Page 95 and 96:
NUMBER 30 87of not less than 9.24 g
Page 97 and 98:
AppendixMAKERS OF HEADGEARThe chron
Page 99 and 100:
List of AbbreviationsAAGAAQMAGAGOAQ
Page 101 and 102:
NUMBER 3093all OQMG, LS, Clothing,
Page 103 and 104:
NUMBER 30 95"Jesup to Thomas, 8 Dec
Page 105 and 106:
NUMBER 3097OQMG, Reg. LR, Clothing,
Page 107 and 108:
NUMBER 30 99October of 1870. See Me
Page 109 and 110:
NUMBER 30 101'"* See above, pp. 35-
Page 111 and 112:
NUMBER 30 103Monroe, Va., in 1878.
Page 113 and 114:
NUMBER 30 105""Endorsement, 24 May
Page 115 and 116:
ReferencesThe bulk of the source ma
Page 117:
M MBIiR 30 10910, No. 355-10, 19 Se
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United States Army Headgear 1855-1902 - Libreria Militare Ares

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